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CITY OF MUSKEGON
FO R M B A S E D C O DE
AUGUST 25, 2015
Muskegon Form Based Code
Adopted: May 26, 2015
Effective: June 5, 2015
The Muskegon Form Based Code was a collaborative effort
between the City of Muskegon, the Muskegon Community
Foundation, Downtown Muskegon Now, the Downtown
Muskegon Development Corporation, and the Muskegon
Lakeshore Chamber of Commerce.
The Consultants for the Muskegon Form Based Code:
Mark F. Miller AIA AICP, Nederveld, Inc.
Lynée Wells AICP, Williams & Works
CITY OF MUSKEGON
Planning, Zoning, and Recreation Department
933 Terrace Street
Muskegon, MI 49443
(231) 724-6702
www.muskegon-mi.gov
TABLE OF CONTENTS
What is a Form Based Code?............................................................................................................................................................i.1
Creating a Solid Foundation for the Muskegon Form Based Code.............................................................................................i.2
The Public Process for the Muskegon Form Based Code..............................................................................................................i.5
Guiding Principles for the Muskegon Form Based Code...............................................................................................................i.8
Muskegon Form Based Code Wayfinding.......................................................................................................................................i.9
How to Use the Muskegon Form Based Code...............................................................................................................................i.10
2001.00 Title........................................................................................................................................................................................1.1
2001.01 Purpose.................................................................................................................................................................................1.1
2001.02 Scope...................................................................................................................................................................................1.1
2002.00 Applicability.........................................................................................................................................................................2.1
2002.01 Site Plan/Plot Plan Procedures...........................................................................................................................................2.1
2002.02 Special Land Uses...............................................................................................................................................................2.2
2002.03 Form Based Code Departures...........................................................................................................................................2.2
2002.04 Adoption and Effective Date............................................................................................................................................2.3
2003.00 Applicability.........................................................................................................................................................................3.1
2003.01 Bonuses and Incentives......................................................................................................................................................3.1
2003.02 Encroachments...................................................................................................................................................................3.1
2003.03 Height Measurement of Buildings......................................................................................................................................3.2
2003.04 Outdoor Seating..................................................................................................................................................................3.2
2003.05 Transparency.......................................................................................................................................................................3.2
2003.06 Accessory Buildings and Structures...................................................................................................................................3.3
2003.07 Roof Top Screening.............................................................................................................................................................3.3
2003.08 Nonconformities..................................................................................................................................................................3.3
2003.09 Lighting.................................................................................................................................................................................3.3
2003.10 Appeals................................................................................................................................................................................3.4
2003.11 Fencing................................................................................................................................................................................3.4
2003.12 Trash Enclosures...................................................................................................................................................................3.4
2004.00 Applicability.........................................................................................................................................................................4.1
2004.01 Lot Requirements.................................................................................................................................................................4.1
2004.02 Block Requirements............................................................................................................................................................4.1
2004.03 Access Requirements.........................................................................................................................................................4.1
2004.04 Driveway Requirements.....................................................................................................................................................4.1
2004.05 Platting Requirements........................................................................................................................................................4.1
2004.06 Sidewalk Requirements......................................................................................................................................................4.1
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2005.00 Purpose ................................................................................................................................................................................5.1
2005.01 Applicability.........................................................................................................................................................................5.1
2005.02 Context Area Map (Regulating Plan)...............................................................................................................................5.2
2005.03 Context Area Overview......................................................................................................................................................5.4
2005.04 Summary of Building Types Permitted in Each Context Area.........................................................................................5.6
2005.05 Downtown (DT) Context Area...........................................................................................................................................5.7
2005.06 Main Street (MS) Context Area........................................................................................................................................5.13
2005.07 Main Street Waterfront (MSW) Context Area................................................................................................................5.19
2005.08 Neighborhood Core (NC) Context Area........................................................................................................................5.25
2005.09 Neighborhood Edge (NE) Context Area........................................................................................................................5.31
2005.10 Urban Residential (UR) Context Area.............................................................................................................................5.37
2006.00 Purpose................................................................................................................................................................................6.1
2006.01 Applicability.........................................................................................................................................................................6.1
2006.02 Building Types by Context Area.......................................................................................................................................6.1
2006.03 Contents of this Section....................................................................................................................................................6.1
2006.04 How to Use this Section....................................................................................................................................................6.2
2006.05 Standards for all Building Types........................................................................................................................................6.5
2006.06 Building Type Overview.....................................................................................................................................................6.6
2006.07 Summary of Building Types Permitted in Each Context Area.......................................................................................6.8
2006.08 Mixed-Use Building Type....................................................................................................................................................6.9
2006.09 Retail Building Type..........................................................................................................................................................6.23
2006.10 Flex Building Type.............................................................................................................................................................6.33
2006.11 Cottage Retail Building Type..........................................................................................................................................6.45
2006.12 Live / Work Building Type.................................................................................................................................................6.55
2006.13 Large Multi-plex Building Type........................................................................................................................................6.67
2006.14 Small Multi-plex Building Type.........................................................................................................................................6.79
2006.15 Rowhouse Building Type.................................................................................................................................................6.89
2006.16 Duplex Building Type........................................................................................................................................................6.99
2006.17 Detached House Building Type....................................................................................................................................6.109
2006.18 Carriage House Building Type.......................................................................................................................................6.119
2006.18 Civic Building Type..........................................................................................................................................................6.123
2007.00 Purpose................................................................................................................................................................................7.1
2007.01 Applicability.........................................................................................................................................................................7.1
2007.02 Public Realm Mobility Choice..........................................................................................................................................7.1
2007.03 Standards for all Public Realm Types................................................................................................................................7.2
2007.04 Bicycle Facilities..................................................................................................................................................................7.4
2007.05 Public Realm Type Overview............................................................................................................................................7.5
2007.06 Boulevard Public Realm Type...........................................................................................................................................7.6
2007.07 Commercial Street Public Realm Type.............................................................................................................................7.8
2007.08 Transitional Street Public Realm Type...........................................................................................................................7.10
2007.09 Parkway Street Public Realm Type...............................................................................................................................7.12
2007.10 Arterial Public Realm Type..............................................................................................................................................7.14
2007.11 Waterfront Edge Public Realm Type..............................................................................................................................7.16
TABLE OF CONTENTS DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2009.00 Purpose ...............................................................................................................................................................................9.1
2009.01 Applicability.........................................................................................................................................................................9.1
2009.02 Specific Sign Requirements ...............................................................................................................................................9.1
2009.03 Off Premise Advertising ......................................................................................................................................................9.1
2009.04 Non-conforming Signs .......................................................................................................................................................9.1
2009.05 Removal ..............................................................................................................................................................................9.1
2009.06 Sign Type Overview ...........................................................................................................................................................9.2
2009.07 Sign Band ............................................................................................................................................................................9.3
2009.08 Wall Sign ...............................................................................................................................................................................9.4
2009.09 Projecting Sign ....................................................................................................................................................................9.5
2009.10 Awning and Canopy Sign .................................................................................................................................................9.6
2009.11 Window Sign .......................................................................................................................................................................9.7
2009.12 Ground Sign ........................................................................................................................................................................9.8
2009.13 Summary of Dimensional Requirements for Signs ............................................................................................................9.9
2009.14 Summary of Sign Quantities Permitted ..........................................................................................................................9.10
2010.00 Applicability
Definitions A - Z
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE TABLE OF CONTENTS
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INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS A FORM BASED CODE?
Form Based Codes (FBC) represent a paradigm shift in the way that we regulate the built environment. This shift was
necessary because the conventional, use-based approach to zoning has been shown to be ineffective for regulating
diverse, urban, mixed-use environments.
The City of Muskegon is using Form Based Coding to achieve the vision, goals, and outcomes for downtown that were
established by previous planning endeavors conducted by the City and her citizens. These plans include the 2003
Imagine Muskegon Plan, the 2008 Downtown and Lakeshore Redevelopment Plan, and the 2015 City of Muskegon
Parking Strategy. These plans and strategies envision a downtown that is a walkable, mixed-use, urban place with a
diversity of housing choices, vibrant retail, restaurants, and services, and a mix of job opportunities.
The formal short definition of a Form-Based Code is as follows:
Form Based Codes foster predictable built results and a high-quality public realm by using physical form (rather than
separation of uses) as the organizing principle for the code. These codes are adopted into city or county law as regulations,
not mere guidelines. Form-Based Codes are an alternative to conventional zoning.
- Form Based Codes Institute
Unlike conventional codes, FBCs use the intended form and character of a place (or context) as the organizing principle or
framework of the code (rather than use) and regulate a series of important elements not just to create a good individual building,
but rather a high-quality urban place.
The naming conventions in FBCs reflect the intended physical form and hierarchy of different places, so instead of a zone being
labeled “single-family residential,” it might be called “Neighborhood Edge,” and instead of a zone being called “commercial” or
“mixed use,” it might be called “Main Street.” The terms “neighborhood” and “main street” tie back to the intended physical form
or place, both of which may include a mix of uses and different building types that create vibrant walkable urbanism.
It is also important to note that while FBCs primarily regulate an intended physical form, they also regulate use secondarily. FBCs
often allow a range of uses that are carefully chosen to maximize compatibility between uses and the intended physical form
of the downtown. The use tables are simplified and categorized by use type, and clearly defined, to allow a greater degree of
administrative decision-making related to particular uses.
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CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE
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INTRODUCTION
CREATING A SOLID FOUNDATION FOR THE MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE
Many plans have been completed during the last decade to re-envision downtown Muskegon. These plans provide the
foundation for the Muskegon Form Based Code. While the community-created plans provide a broad series of goals and
help to paint a community-supported vision for the future, the FBC is intended as a tool to implement that vision.
IMAGINE MUSKEGON
In 2003, the City of Muskegon completed the 2003 Imagine Muskegon Plan with the intent of developing a conceptual
design that reflected a broad range of community input and that sparked the imagination of the greater Muskegon
community. This plan established a concept design that envisioned downtown as follows:
Destination: Muskegon as a focal point for the region, offering events, services, shops, and dining, not found
1 elsewhere. The area should be designed so that people are attracted to the downtown for its unique blend of
entertainment, dining, and specialty stores.
Diverse and Inclusive: Downtown should be designed to accommodate various age groups, socio-economic
2 backgrounds, and cultural and racial heritages.
Walkable: Infrastructure shall facilitate pedestrian activity along the waterfront and through downtown. The
3 ambiance of the lakefront views and the context of the Heritage District should be central to this pedestrian
activity. Streetscapes should reinforce walkability with outdoor amenities and landscape.
Connected and Multi-modal: Provide interconnections so bicyclists, joggers, and walkers have attractive paths to
4 enjoy. Provide for alternative transportation like trolleys so that more people can share the road with cars. While
cars are accommodated downtown, they should not dominate the environment.
Livable: A mix of housing opportunities that provide choices to a wide range of people, including high-quality,
5 affordable apartments, condominiums, cottages, and single-family homes.
Distinctive: New development should fit in to the historic context of downtown. The pattern of development shall
6 have identifiable centers and edges that respect historic and contextual block structures and street networks.
IMAGINE MUSKEGON
i.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
INTRODUCTION
CREATING A SOLID FOUNDATION FOR THE MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE
2008 DOWNTOWN AND LAKESHORE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN
In 2008, the City of Muskegon completed the Downtown and Lakeshore Redevelopment Plan with the intent to advance
the redevelopment and improvement of the downtown and lakeshore areas. This Plan established a clear goal (vision)
and included a series of objectives and programs to implement and achieve that vision. Additionally, the Downtown
and Lakeshore Redevelopment Plan created a Future Land Use Plan that became the foundation for the Context Area
Map (Section 2005) of the FBC.
The Plan’s Vision:
In 2025, downtown Muskegon and its adjoining lakefront will be an attractive and vibrant community asset with a healthy
and prosperous mix of retail, office, housing, arts and cultural institutions, and other land uses to serve the needs of
permanent residents and visitors alike. The character of Downtown developments will reflect the unique culture and
history of Muskegon and will compliment existing facilities. Downtown will have an urban feel with convenient parking,
public transportation, walkable streets, and strong connections to neighborhoods.
Selected Objectives of the Plan:
The downtown lakeshore will be redeveloped as a mixed use district including office, retail, housing, and
1 educational/research uses with frequent public access points and public open space.
Downtown will have strong non-motorized transportation facilities to connect destination points and provide
2 linkages to neighborhoods including bike paths, bike lanes, and designated bike routes on low volume roads.
Downtown will have a balanced transportation system that facilitates ease of movement with two-way streets,
3 mass transit, and traffic calming features to enhance pedestrian circulation and provide strong visual and physical
connections to adjoining neighborhoods.
Context sensitive architecture will be used in the development of new facilities to reflect the character of existing
4 buildings and the working waterfront.
Selected Programs (Implementation Steps) of the Plan:
Amend the Zoning Ordinance to provide
A standards regulating architecture, site
utilization, landscaping, window coverage,
pedestrian amenities, and building form, so
new buildings integrate well with existing
structures.
Implement a shared use parking system
B
through incentives and zoning requirements
to increase the use of parking while
potentially reducing the quantity of
downtown surface parking required.
Transform Webster Street and Muskegon
C
Street into neighborhood streets with strong
pedestrian amenities.
Add a system of bike lanes where space
D
allows to public streets.
2008 FUTURE LAND USE MAP
i.3
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE
INTRODUCTION
CREATING A SOLID FOUNDATION FOR THE MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE
MUSKEGON PARKING STRATEGY
In 2014, in anticipation of completion of this Form Based Code, the City of Muskegon commissioned a downtown parking
study to implement a series of short-, mid-, and long-term policies to address the future of downtown’s parking. These
policies provided an opportunity to proactively shape the future of downtown Muskegon by:
1. Supporting commerce and economic development,
2. Creating and providing mobility choice,
3. Building quality of life and business vitality,
4. Reinforcing a wide range of lifestyle choices,
5. Optimizing access and opportunities, and
6. Promoting convenience, turnover, and predictability while being responsive to customers.
These six opportunities were based on the vision and goals of previously completed plans and led to a series of solutions
that created tools that can be implemented in order to foster a more livable and vibrant downtown. These solutions
include:
Management Based Solutions to provide effective means to gather and analyze downtown parking conditions as
1 they evolve, allowing the system to proactively respond to both short- and long-term trends.
Demand Based Solutions to diminish the demand for parking by reducing the number of total vehicle trips
2 downtown, which in turn reduces the parking required for those vehicles.
Supply Based Solutions to adjust the amount of new parking supplied by establishing a “market-based” approach
3 to setting parking standards that is consistent with desired urban densities and character while also supporting
alternative modes of transportation.
Place Based Solutions to transform the public realm from a single-mode system to a multi-mode system that can
4 improve the walkability of the downtown and create more mobility options and choice. These tools make it easier
for users to find parking opportunities, which improve access to existing parking and ease perceived congestion
EXISTING DOWNTOWN
of parking facilities. PARKING AND LAND USE
The graphics below depict the existing land area utilized in Downtown Muskegon for parking and buildings and their relative walking distance from
Time Based Solutions to encourage turnover in higher demand areas and shift users with longer term parking
the5downtown center (corner of Western Avenue and Third Street). Currently parking consumes more land than buildings, leading to compromised
needs into off-street facilities or more remote locations. Factors that can influence time based tools include the
livability, significant gaps in the urban fabric, a degraded public realm, and loss of tax base.
surrounding land use, time of day, and availability of supply.
EXISTING PARKING AREA EXISTING BUILDING AREA
Price Based Solutions to shift demands and use patterns to reduce occupancy in high demand areas and create
6 a market for off-street parking.
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i.4 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
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INTRODUCTION
THE PUBLIC PROCESS FOR THE MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE
The public process for the Muskegon Form Based Code is summarized below:
DOWNTOWN DESIGN WORKSHOP
On March 26, 2014, the City of Muskegon convened a
Downtown Design Workshop to determine the following:
Gauge level of understanding about Form Based
1 Codes.
Educate residents about the fundamentals of urban
2 design and building a great city.
Gather feedback about project boundaries and
3 proposed context areas.
4 Inform residents about current parking supply.
5 Prioritize project goals.
Provide participants an understanding about
5 walkable urbanism and the qualities of a walkable
place.
Participants were asked to rank their priorities for the City
of Muskegon Form Based Code. Below are the results, in
order of highest priority:
Facilitating higher density development/adding
#1 new residents to the downtown.
Fostering economic development/building the
tax base for the city.
Balancing transportation modes/enhancing
choices (ie. walk, bike, transit, vehicle).
Providing access to businesses, community
attractions, and schools.
Supporting transit ridership through available
parking (park n’ ride).
#6 Providing ample and affordable parking.
Project Boundaries were examined and discussed
during the Workshop. Participants identified areas to be
removed from the proposed Form Based Code boundary.
Participants also added blocks to the project area. An
example of some of the suggested modifications included:
The area between Spring and Pine Streets, south of
Muskegon Avenue was deemed as an important area to
add to the FBC boundary.
Many of the areas along Muskegon Lake, adjacent to
downtown were suggested to be removed from the
boundary.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE i.5
INTRODUCTION
THE PUBLIC PROCESS FOR THE MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE
ROTARY PRESENTATION
On January 15, 2015, the Muskegon Rotary hosted the consultant team for a presentation and overview of the Muskegon
Form Based Code.
This presentation included references to previously completed City Master Plans, the FBC process to date, and how
the code can foster the visions established by the Master Plans. Additionally, the consultants provided an overview of
changing national demographics that are impacting cities and the financial and economic benefits of building authentic
urban places. The informational session was followed by dialogue with the audience and a question and answer session
regarding the FBC. The dialogue focused on the form of the future city and its spaces - addressing the importance of
active street edges, slow traffic speeds, compact development, and building orientation.
SLIDE FROM ROTARY PRESENTATION
PROJECT REVIEW MEETINGS
Monthly meetings were conducted during the development of the Form Based Code with City staff and steering
committee members. Participants varied during these meetings depending on the code content that was discussed
and included the City Planning Department, the City Engineering Department, the Community Foundation Muskegon
County, Downtown Muskegon Now, and the Muskegon Lakeshore Chamber of Commerce.
These meetings allowed staff to review the progress of the code and provide feedback regarding content and intent,
while also facilitating a broad discussion of how existing development and hypothetical development scenarios would fit
into the administration of the Form Based Code. The Project Review Meetings also included discussion of best practices,
FBC integration and administration, urban context review, and urban design and architecture content within the Form
Based Code. This process also allowed staff to become familiar with the nuances of the code as they played a role in
the creation of the document.
i.6 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
INTRODUCTION
THE PUBLIC PROCESS FOR THE MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE
FINAL DRAFT CODE REVIEW
A final draft copy of the Muskegon Form Based Code was distributed for comment on March 26, 2015. This draft provided
an opportunity for City staff, the City attorney, and City leadership to review and comment. The draft review period
ended on April 15, 2015, and provided approximately 2 weeks for review and comments.
PLANNING COMMISSION REVIEW AND PUBLIC HEARING
The Muskegon Form Based Code was presented to the Muskegon Planning Commission during a public hearing on May
14, 2015. A Community Code Workshop was conducted prior to the Planning Commission on May 14, 2015.
COMMUNITY CODE WORKSHOP
This workshop allowed key stakeholders, including developers, property owners, citizens, and city officials, to learn about
the Muskegon Form Based Code. Areas of focus included an overview of the transition from the current Zoning Ordinance
to the Form Based Code for downtown Muskegon, the benefits of the flexibility and efficiency of the FBC, and how to use
the code for future development. Case studies were presented to walk participants through the various development
scenarios.
Participants were introduced to the Form Based Code as an implementation tool to achieve development consistent
with the City’s existing plans, policies, and vision. Key concepts, such as building type, form and frontage, and the public
realm were introduced and reaffirmed. Participants were offered opportunities to provide comment and ask questions
regarding the Code.
CITY COMMISSION MEETING
The Muskegon Form Based Code was presented to the Muskegon City Commission during a meeting on May 26, 2015.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE i.7
INTRODUCTION
GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR THE MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE
The Muskegon Form Based Code is designed to be applied to the downtown to meet the following principles:
THE DOWNTOWN GUIDING PRINCIPLES
1. Reinforce a pattern of walkable urban
neighborhoods by supporting existing walkable
neighborhoods and providing a tool to retrofit
those that are not walkable or have been
compromised;
2. Provide incentives and remove barriers for
revitalization of neighborhoods;
3. Prevent the development of incompatible
suburban development in urban areas;
4. Build upon and enhance the unique character of
each neighborhood;
5. Encourage appropriately-scaled infill and
development;
6. Provide context-sensitive design of streets and
public realms that will reinforce the walkable
urban neighborhoods; and
7. Support a range of vibrant places within the City.
THE NEIGHBORHOOD GUIDING PRINCIPLES
1. Enable neighborhood main streets to remain or
become vibrant social and commercial centers;
2. Support a diversity of urban housing choices
appropriate to the urban context;
3. Balance pedestrian comfort and placemaking
with traffic efficiency along major corridors;
4. Encourage and incubate small local businesses as
an important part of the local economy;
5. Place services within a safe, comfortable walking
distance of homes; and
6. Create a framework of well-designed streets that
are safe and secure for pedestrians and bicycles.
THE BLOCK AND BUILDING GUIDING PRINCIPLES
1. Build upon and reinforce the unique and diverse
collection of urban building types within the City;
2. Ensure that each building plays a role in creating a
better whole, not just a good building;
3. Meet the changing needs of residents;
4. Ensure that architecture and landscape grow from
local climate, history, and building practice; and
5. Choose important/prominent locations for civic
buildings to reinforce their civic stature.
i.8 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
INTRODUCTION
MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE WAYFINDING
The following graphic is a guide to finding your way around the Muskegon Form Based Code by providing a quick
reference to where to find the answers to common questions that a user of this code may have.
SECTION 2005.02 CONTEXT AREA MAP
Where is my parcel located? The map will tell you the Context Area that your parcel
is located within. Context Areas are similar to the zoning
districts of conventional zoning and are the basis for
regulation in the Muskegon Form Based Code.
Where can I put my desired use
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
(ie - restaurant, apartments, clothing
The Use Tables in this Section tell you what uses are
store, etc.)?
permitted and where they are permitted.
How do I determine where my building
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
is placed on the site? And what are the
Each Context Area conveys the requirements of building
setback requirements?
placement on the site. Some locations require setbacks,
whereas other locations will require that the building be
placed at the property line or within a build-to-zone.
What is a build-to-zone SECTION 2010 DEFINITIONS
or a build-to-line? Will tell you what these terms are. These items replace
setbacks and typically require buildings to be closer to the
street in order to have a more active and vibrant street.
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
How tall can my building be?
Will tell you how many stories your building can be.
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
Will tell you the requirements for height (in feet) of each
story per specific building type.
SECTION 2008 OFF-STREET PARKING STANDARDS
How many parking spaces do I need?
Will tell you the required number of parking spaces for your
specific use
Where is it appropriate to put my SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREA AND USE
parking lot? Will tell where on the site it is appropriate to place parking
(note that it is typically not appropriate to have parking lots
facing the street)
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
What is transparency?
Will tell you required transparency for buildings
SECTION 2010 DEFINITIONS
Will tell you how transparency is measured
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE i.9
INTRODUCTION
HOW TO USE THE MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE
FORM BASED CODES AND THE PUBLIC REALM The Public Realm illustration on this page indicates the
The Muskegon Form Based Code is a development regulation components of the public realm and also references where
(a type of zoning code) that emphasizes the physical character each component is regulated within the Muskegon Form
of development (its form) and de-emphasizes the regulation of Based Code.
land use.
Building Type: Section 2006 contains standards for
The Muskegon FBC emphasize the design of the public realm A Building Types that describe the various forms of
by regulating individual building character, streetscapes, and buildings that are permitted as part of this Form Based
public spaces. Code. Each Building Type has its own specific massing,
composition, and vertical dimension.
The public realm is the area defined by the building walls, the
streetscape and the street. Building Types also offer a variety of Frontage options
that can be selected as part of the development.
The Muskegon Form Based Code is organized by Context Areas Frontages define the architecture and design
(similar to conventional zoning districts), Building Types (with components for the buildings entrance and street-
Frontage Types), and Public Realm Standards (the streetscape). facing facade.
These elements provide standards for the creation of a public
realm that is consistent with that envisioned for downtown Public Realm (streets): Section 2007 contains standards
Muskegon, as outlined in the introduction to this FBC. B for the space between the right-of-way lines, including
the sidewalk, parkway, furnishing zone, parking lanes,
The Muskegon Form Base Code also regulates land use, parking and travel lanes.
requirements, signs, and subdivision standards.
Use: Section 2005 contains use requirements for
The Context Areas in the Muskegon FBC are within a Form C each Context Area. Context Areas are similar to
Based Code Area, which is the area on the City of Muskegon conventional land use zoning districts. Each Context
Zoning Map (located in Article III, Section 300 of the City Zoning Area includes permitted Building Types, building
Ordinance) that is zoned as a Form Based Code District. height, site placement, and includes permitted and
special uses.
ILLUSTRATION: PUBLIC REALM AND RELATED FORM BASED REGULATIONS
RIGHT OF WAY LINE /
RIGHT OF WAY LINE /
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
FRONTAGE: AT BUILD
TO LINE (ZERO LOT LINE
CONDITION)
C A A C
FRONTAGE: AT
BUILD TO ZONE
SIDEWALK AND STREET: TRAVEL LANES
FURNISHING ZONE AND PARKING LANES
B
i.10 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
INTRODUCTION
HOW TO USE THE MUSKEGON FORM BASED CODE
START HERE: Choose one of the following three scenarios that best fits your proposed development project
I HAVE A I HAVE A I HAVE A
1 2 3
SPECIFIC SPECIFIC USE SPECIFIC
PARCEL THAT THAT I AM BUILDING THAT
I WANT TO CONSIDERING I WANT TO
DEVELOP FOR MY LAND DEVELOP
DEVELOPMENT
SECTION 2010 DEFINITIONS
Some terms for the Muskegon Form Based Code are different or have different meanings than similar terms in conventional zoning ordinances.
If you encounter terms that you are unfamiliar with, refer to this Section for more information.
SECTIONS 2002, 2003, and 2004
Review Section 2002, Applicability and Procedures to understand the procedural requirements of the Muskegon Form Based Code.
Review Section 2003, General Provisions for regulations that apply to all projects within the Form Based Code Area.
Review Section 2005, Subdivision and Access Standards for regulations that apply to all projects within the Form Based Code Area.
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS & USE SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS & USE SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
Each Context Area has uses which Each Context Area has uses which Determine which of the Building Types best
are permitted, not permitted, and are permitted, not permitted, and fit the building that you want to develop.
conditionally permitted. conditionally permitted. Consider required massing, composition,
vertical dimensions, appropriate building
Determine which of the Context Areas Determine which of the Context Areas frontages, and the Context Areas where
that your specific parcel is located in. that the use you are considering is the Building Type is permitted when
permitted in, this will allow you to making your decision.
Once you have determined the Context determine the Context Areas and parcels
Area, you can determine the uses that within the Form Based Code Area that are
are most appropriate within the Context most appropriate for your project.
Area. SECTION 2004 CONTEXT AREAS & USE
Each Context Area has uses which
are permitted, not permitted, and
conditionally permitted.
Determine which of the Context Areas
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS that the Building Type you are considering
Determine which of the Building Types best fit the parcel or use that you want to develop. is permitted in, this will help determine the
Consider required massing, composition, vertical dimensions, appropriate building frontages, parcels within the Form Based Code Area
and the Context Areas where the Building Type is permitted when making your decision. that are most appropriate for your project,
the types of uses that are permitted for
You will need to consult Section 2005 Context Areas and Use to determine the requirements your project, and the requirements for
of building site placement. building site placement.
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM STANDARDS
These standards provide design guidance and establish dimensional requirements for street and streetscape attributes, include vehicular
travel lanes, on-street parking, furnishing zones, and pedestrian zones. These standards will help you determine which streets and streetscapes
are best suited to your project. While the Public Realm standard are typically associated with public investment, there may be aspects of
specific requirements (like attributes in pedestrian zones or furnishing zones) that impact your project
SECTION 2008 OFF-STREET PARKING STANDARDS
The Off-Street Parking Standards will help you determine the parking requirements for your project.
SECTION 2009 SIGN STANDARDS
Each Building Type has specific sign quantities and sign sizes that are relative to the Context Area where it is located. This Section will assist you
in determining the types, sizes, placement, and quantity of signs permitted for your project.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE i.11
INTRODUCTION
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i.12 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2001 TITLE, PURPOSE, AND SCOPE
2001.00 TITLE For development standards not covered by the City
The following document shall be known as the City of of Muskegon Form Based Code, the other applicable
Muskegon Form Based Code. sections in the municipal Zoning Ordinance shall apply. All
development shall also comply with all other local, state
2001.01 PURPOSE or federal regulations and ordinances.
The City of Muskegon Form Based Code is intended to
support redevelopment within downtown Muskegon, Throughout this Form Based Code, photographs are used
including key waterfront areas and commercial districts for illustrative purposes only.
through the establishment of building types, frontage
types and street guidelines by creating a compact, transit-
oriented development pattern that fosters walkable
corridors, mixed uses, and a diversity of residential
development. The City of Muskegon Form Based Code
reflects the desires and outcomes of the 2003 Imagine
Muskegon Plan, the 2008 Downtown and Lakeshore
Redevelopment Plan, and the 2014 City of Muskegon
Parking Strategy.
Redevelopment within the project area shall adhere
to the provisions and standards established in this form
based code in order to realize the vision set forth in the
2008 Downtown and Lakeshore Redevelopment Plan
which was subsequently adopted as part of the city’s
Master Plan.
The City of Muskegon Form Based Code is a legal
document regulating building types, frontage types
and thoroughfare types wherever its Context Areas are
applied. It shall do so in conjunction with the municipal
Zoning Ordinance for areas zoned Form Based Code (FBC)
on the zoning map, by regulating land development to
ensure a compact, urban form.
2001.02 SCOPE
The City of Muskegon Form Based Code is a mandatory
code that applies to all new development and
redevelopment within the boundaries of the Zoning
Map or other locations within the municipality where the
applicable Context Areas have been applied as outlined
in 2002.00, Applicability.
The boundaries generally include all lands that abut
Muskegon Lake to the west, Spring Street to the north,
Shoreline Drive to the south, and Muskegon Avenue to the
east, as well as the 3rd Street Business District.
Within the City of Muskegon Zoning Ordinance, properties
zoned and thus regulated by the City of Muskegon Form
Based Code are within the Form Based Code (FBC) district. This
district directs property owners and applicants to this Code for
development standards. Wherever there is a conflict between
the City of Muskegon Form Based Code and other sections
of the City’s Zoning Ordinance (as applied to particular
development within the FBC district), the requirements
specifically set forth in the Form Based Code shall prevail.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 1.1
TITLE, PURPOSE, AND SCOPE SECTION 2001
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1.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2002 APPLICABILITY AND PROCEDURES
2002.00 APPLICABILITY 2002.01 SITE PLAN / PLOT PLAN PROCEDURES
The City of Muskegon Form Based Code shall apply to A. Full Site plan/plot plan. To expedite the
development within the boundaries of the Form Based development process, development within the
Code District depicted on the City of Muskegon official City of Muskegon Form Based Code that complies
Zoning Map. Development shall include the following: with the provisions of this Code shall require full
A. New development. site plan or plot plan review and approval by the
City’s Zoning Administrator or Building Official.
B. Modifications to existing buildings: 1. Section 2303 in the City of Muskegon
1. Building Footprint. Increasing or Zoning Ordinance shall govern the type
decreasing a building footprint by of submittal required, being either a full
twenty-five percent (25%) or greater in site plan or plot plan.
area or when the cost of the addition 2. Review and approval shall be
is greater than or equal to fifty percent conducted by the City’s Building Official
(50%) of the current assessed value of the for single-family detached dwellings and
building or structure. Phased construction modifications to comply with accessibility
to avoid compliance with this standard requirements.
or breaking up construction such that 3. All other development activities outlined
the thresholds are avoided shall be in Section 2303 shall require review
prohibited. and approval of the City’s Zoning
2. Building Facade. Administrator.
i. Increasing or decreasing the
building façade transparency B. Site Plan review procedures and requirements.
by more than fifty percent (50%). Site plan submittal and review shall follow the
Phased construction to avoid processes set forth in Sections 2303 of the City of
compliance with this standard or Muskegon Zoning Ordinance. Site plan required
breaking up construction such that data shall adhere to Section 2303 of the City of
the 50% threshold is avoided shall Muskegon Zoning Ordinance, unless waived or
be prohibited. required by the City’s Zoning Administrator per
ii. Building facades over 50 years are Section 2303, 8.
exempt from the City of Muskegon
Form Based Code, except existing C. Planning Commission review. Full site plan
window and door openings shall review by the Planning Commission shall be
remain, in addition to existing required for any Special Land Use or Specific
building materials, unless the Development Plan. Review standards are
Planning Commission deems the included in Section 2303, 11 of the City of
frontage as not having historic Muskegon Zoning Ordinance. Special Land Use
value. standards specific to special uses regulated in
iii. For properties listed in the State or this Form Based Code are included in Section
National Register of Historic Places 2005.
or are located within a Local
Historic District, the Secretary of D. Specific Development Plan. A Specific
Interior Standards for Rehabilitation Development Plan is intended to allow
shall supercede this Form Based applicants development flexibility to address
Code. market conditions and opportunities, including
the master planning of large lots exceeding
C. Any change in land use impacting parking the maximum block dimensions as outlined in
requirements. Section 2004, as well as the consolidation of
multiple properties to create predictable and
D. The Planning Commission may, at the request market responsive development for the area.
of the applicant, waive the applicability of this Specific Development Plans shall be required
Code upon a finding that adhering to the Code for any Major Departure as outlined in this
would place undo hardship on the applicant. Section 2002.03 (form based code departures).
Should the Planning Commission waive the 1. Specific Development Plan requirements.
applicability of the Form Based Code, the A Specific Development Plan shall
underlying district provisions shall apply. include a full site plan and required data
as outlined in Section 2303, 11.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 2.1
APPLICABILITY AND PROCEDURES SECTION 2002
2. Additional requirements include: A plan C. Findings for Code Departures. The applicable
depicting the proposed Context Areas reviewing body shall find that a departures to
for the subject site(s) if major departures the Form Based Code:
from the Context Area boundaries are 1. Does not materially change the circulation
requested. and building location on the site;
3. Public Hearing: The applicant and/or 2. Does not alter the relationship between
Planning Commission may request a the buildings and the street;
public hearing for a Specific Development 3. Does not allow a use not otherwise
Plan. A public hearing, pursuant to the permitted in this Form Based Code; and
Michigan Zoning Enabling Act, shall be 4. The departure is the minimum required
required for a major departure of Context necessary to meet the intent of the Form
Area boundary. Based Code.
4. Planning Commission action: The
Planning Commission shall review and
2002.03a MINOR DEPARTURES
approve, with or without conditions, the
full site plan upon the following findings: TYPE MODIFICATION FINDINGS
i. The Context Areas provide a Area or No more than When possible,
boundary of 15% increase or boundaries shall
seamless transition from adjacent,
CONTEXT
context area decrease in area follow parcel
AREA
existing districts and uses to the lines
proposed subject site(s).
ii. Internal circulation and layout of
lots fosters a walkable, urban area
by adhering to the maximum block Location No more than Constraints
requirement, 1’ deviation in related to
FRONTAGE
lengths as outlined in Section 2004.
BUILDING
including standard topography,
iii. Roadways are interconnected required building pattern of
line existing adjacent
and provide safe areas for walking facades, or lot
and biking. dimensions
2002.02 SPECIAL LAND USES Size and massing No more than Constraints
5% deviation in related to
BUILDING
A. Special Land Uses. As per Section 2005 of the City Entrance standard topography,
TYPE
of Muskegon Form Based Code, certain uses intervals pattern of
existing adjacent
require special land use review and approval Story height facades, or lot
by the Planning Commission. The special land dimensions
use review and approval process shall adhere
to Section 2332 of the City of Muskegon Zoning
2002.03b MAJOR DEPARTURES
Ordinance. Specific standards for special land
uses are determined by Context Area and Use, TYPE MODIFICATION FINDINGS
refer to Section 2005. Area or No more than When possible,
boundary of 30% increase or boundaries shall
CONTEXT
context area decrease follow parcel
AREA
2002.03 FORM BASED CODE DEPARTURES lines
A. Minor Departures. The Zoning Administrator may,
at the request of an applicant, waive certain
minor adjustments to context area boundaries,
building frontage standards and building type Location More than 1’ Constraints
requirement, and less than related to
FRONTAGE
standards as outlined in Table 2002.03a.
BUILDING
including 2’ deviation in topography,
required building standard pattern of
line existing adjacent
B. Major Departures. The Planning Commission facades, or lot
may, at the request of the Zoning Administrator dimensions
or applicant, waive certain major deviations
to context area boundaries, building frontage Size and massing No more than Constraints
10% deviation in related to
BUILDING
standards and building type standards. Entrance standard topography,
TYPE
Table 2002.03b provides a summary of major intervals pattern of
existing adjacent
departures. Story height facades, or lot
dimensions
2.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2002 APPLICABILITY AND PROCEDURES
2002.04 ADOPTION AND EFFECTIVE DATE
A. City of Muskegon
1. Adoption. The City of Muskegon
Form Based Code was adopted at a
regular meeting of the Muskegon City
Commission on May 26, 2015.
2. Effective Date. The City of Muskegon
Form Based Code shall take effect and
be in force on and after June 5, 2015 in
the City of Muskegon.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 2.3
APPLICABILITY AND PROCEDURES SECTION 2002
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2.4 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2003 GENERAL PROVISIONS
2003.00 APPLICABILITY E. Parking Structure Benefit. An increase in
Section 2003 identifies provisions that are general to all building height may be granted for projects
City of Muskegon Form Based Code Context Areas. that incorporate parking structures as part of
the development. Parking structures shall meet
Each Context Area established in this code shall meet the following requirements to be considered for
the requirements of Section 2003. If there is a conflict an incentive:
between this Section and the individual requirements of 1. The parking structures shall meet the
the Context Area or Building Size and Massing Standards, requirements of Section 2008 Parking
the requirements of the Context Areas or Building Size and Standards.
Massing Standards shall govern. 2. The parking structures shall provide a
minimum of fifty percent (50%) of its
2003.01 BONUSES AND INCENTIVES parking spaces as parking available to
A. Purpose and Intent. The Planning Commission the public at market rate.
may grant development incentives to 3. The parking structures shall provide
applicants to encourage the provision of bicycle amenities including bike racks
certain community benefits or amenities that and/or bike lockers that are easily
are in compliance with 2003.01. accessed from the public right-of-way.
B. Incentives Restricted to Added Benefits. 2003.02 ENCROACHMENTS
Incentives shall be granted only when the A. The following architectural elements may
community benefits or amenities offered would project into required setbacks, beyond
not otherwise be required or are likely to result required build-to-zones or into the public right-
from the planning process. of-way as indicated below. For encroachments
into the public right-of-way, an encroachment
C. Incentives Permitted. The Planning Commission permit shall be obtained from the applicable
may grant the following incentives City department(s).
commensurate with the benefit provided: 1. Balconies. A balcony with a minimum
1. Downtown Context Area: Building height ground clearance of twelve (12) feet
may be increased up to 2 additional above adjacent grade may extend six
stories. (6) feet maximum from the exterior wall
2. Building height increase bonuses shall of the building.
require a site plan review and approval 2. Awnings and Canopies. An awning or
through the Planning Commission. canopy with a minimum ground clearance
3. The Planning Commission reserves the of eight (8) feet above adjacent grade
right to determine the extent of the may extend five (5) feet maximum from
increase in height, up to the maximum the exterior wall of the building.
bonus allowed, based on the extent of 3. Eaves. Building eaves with a minimum
the benefit provided. ground clearance of twelve (12) feet
above adjacent grade may extend two
D. Civic Space Benefit. An increase in building (2) feet maximum from the exterior wall of
height may be granted for the creation of the building.
dedicated Civic Space, including greenway 4. Cornice. Building cornices with a minimum
connections either along 3rd Street and/or ground clearance of twelve (12) feet
over Shoreline Drive connecting the downtown above adjacent grade may extend up to
to the downtown waterfront context area. a two (2) foot maximum from the exterior
Civic Space shall meet one of the following wall of the building.
requirements to be considered for an incentive: 5. Bay Windows. Bay windows with a
1. Civic Space shall be in the form of plazas, minimum ground clearance of twelve (12)
squares, greens, linear parks, green alleys, feet above adjacent grade may extend
parklets or parks. Civic spaces do not three (3) feet maximum from the exterior
include community gardens. wall of the building.
6. Projecting Signs. Projecting signs with a
minimum ground clearance of eight (8)
feet above adjacent grade may extend
three (3) feet maximum from the exterior
wall of the building.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 3.1
GENERAL PROVISIONS SECTION 2003
B. Unenclosed porches, stoops, wells and steps B. Outdoor seating shall require sketch plot review
may project into required setbacks and beyond and approval by the Zoning Administrator.
required build-to-zones as indicated below. C. A minimum pedestrian clear space of six (6)
Unenclosed porches, stoops, wells and steps feet shall be provided at all times.
shall not project into the public right-of-way.
1. Along principal frontage lines: D. Outdoor dining areas shall be designed so as
Unenclosed porches, stoops and wells to be architecturally compatible with existing
(not including steps) may project into structures on the site.
the front yard or front build-to-zone by no
more than ten (10) feet, but shall be no E. If located on public property or within the
closer than five (5) feet to the principal public right-of-way, an encroachment permit
frontage line. Steps may completely shall be required. Such permit shall be obtained
encroach into the front yard or front build- through the applicable City department(s).
to-zone but shall not extend beyond the
principal frontage line. F. All other standards of Section 2308, Outdoor
2. Along secondary frontage lines: Dining, found in City’s Zoning Ordinance shall
Unenclosed porches, stoops, wells and apply.
steps may project into the side yard or
side build-to-zone provided that they 2003.05 TRANSPARENCY
are not closer than three (3) feet to the A. Facade Transparency requirements for building
secondary frontage line. elevations facing principal and secondary
3. Along any side or rear non-frontage frontage lines are indicated as a percentage of
property line: Unenclosed porches, clear glass to solid wall in Section 2006 Building
stoops, wells and steps may project into Type Standards. Transparency shall be subject
the side or rear yard setback areas by no to the following requirements:
more than three (3) feet. 1. Clear Glass. Only clear or lightly tinted glass
4. Decorative walls and fences may project in windows, doors and display windows
into setbacks or yards as allowed in shall be shall considered transparent.
Section 2331 Landscaping, Fencing, Walls, 2. Calculation. The calculation of the
Screens and Lighting. percentage of transparency shall include
only the glass within the windows, doors
2003.03 HEIGHT MEASUREMENT OF BUILDINGS and display windows.
A. Building heights shall be measured in number of 3. Reflective Surfaces. The use of highly
stories. reflective surfaces, including reflective
glass and mirrors is prohibited on the
B. Story height shall be measured from floor to ceiling ground floor.
for each floor of a building as indicated by specific 4. Security Shutters. Exterior steel barriers,
building type. hurricane curtains and other security devices
are not permitted on the exterior of the
C. Attic and basements are not counted as stories. building. If they are located in the interior of
the building, they may not be visible from the
D. Penthouses that are required for elevators and sidewalk or public right-of-way during business
stair enclosures for roof access are not counted as hours.
stories. Penthouses and stair enclosures shall not 5. Interior Display. Interior display shelves and
extend more than 12 feet from the adjacent roof merchandise are not permitted to block or
surface. obscure clear views into or out of the building
at windows, doors or display windows
2003.04 OUTDOOR SEATING that are included as part of the required
A. Outdoor seating shall be permitted with the transparency.
following building envelope types: 6. Stairwells. Where stairwells are introduced
1. Mixed Use Building to the outer building wall of a building,
2. Retail Building the exterior of the stairwell and exit door
3. Flex Building shall be at least seventy (70) percent
4. Cottage Retail Building transparent.
5. Live/Work Building
6. Civic Building
3.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2003 GENERAL PROVISIONS
2003.06 ACCESSORY BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES B. Nonconforming Due to Building Size and
Accessory buildings and structures shall adhere to the Massing. For buildings and structures that do
following: not conform to the building size and massing
standards of this Form Based Code, but are
ACCESSORY BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
otherwise conforming to use, certain relief is
DETACHED HOUSE OTHER BUILDING TYPES
provided and such buildings and structures
One per lot No limit; however review shall be deemed conforming. Alterations,
NUMBER
and approval by Zoning
Administrator is required
repair, maintenance or other activities requiring
building permit shall conform to the provisions
of this Form Based Code when such actions
Up to 600 square feet No limit; however review meet the Applicability provisions contained in
and approval by Zoning
Section 2002.
SIZE
Administrator is required
C. Nonconforming Signs. Nonconforming signs
shall meet the provisions of Section 2334, 13.
HEIGHT
One story, up to 14’ 1. Nonconforming Sign Removal Incentive.
In an effort to encourage the eventual
elimination of nonconforming signs,
Setbacks shall adhere to those of the applicable context area protect public health, safety, and
SETBACKS
and shall be setback from front property line by 40’
welfare, as well as reduce visual clutter
Shall be separated from main building by 10’ and improve the aesthetics of the area,
Shall not be closer to property lines than the main building the following incentive is established
to encourage conformance with
Any part of accessory building facing a front or side street
COMPOSITION
shall adhere to the transparency requirements of the main Section 2009. When a non-conforming
building, per Building Type Standards, Section 2006. sign is removed and replaced with a
conforming sign per Section 2009 of the
Form Based Code, the applicant shall
be eligible for an increase in total sign
Accessory buildings Accessory buildings and area not to exceed twenty percent
EXCEPTIONS
shall not be permitted structures are permitted in (20%) of the permitted sign area of the
with detached house all context areas except the
containing a carriage Downtown (DT). replacement sign.
house on the same
property.
2003.09 LIGHTING
A. Exterior site lighting, other than flag and
2003.07 ROOF TOP SCREENING decorative lighting, shall be confined to the
All rooftop mechanical, communication, and similar development site and conform to the following:
devices shall be screened from view of adjacent 1. Lamps and luminaries shall be shielded,
properties and streets. Screening shall be so designed hooded and/or louvered to provide a
as to be an integral part of the building. The screening glare free area beyond the property line
material shall match the building’s material and color or and beyond any public right-ofway, and
be another material or color that is compatible with the the light source are not directly visible
building exterior. from beyond the boundary of the site.
2. The light from any illumination source shall
2003.08 NONCONFORMITIES be designed so that the light intensity or
Any lawful use of any land or building existing on INSERT brightness at any property line shall not
ADOPTION DATE and located in a zoning district in exceed one (1) foot candle.
which it would not be permitted as a new use under the 3. Lighting fixtures shall have one hundred
regulations of the Muskegon Form Based Code is hereby percent (100%) cut off above the
declared a nonconforming use and not in violation of this horizontal plane at the lowest part of
section, subject to the regulations of this Section. the point light source. The light rays may
A. Nonconforming Uses of Buildings and Structures. not be emitted by the installed fixture
Nonconforming uses of buildings and structures at angles above the horizontal plane.
in the Form Based Code shall adhere to the No light fixture shall be mounted higher
provisions of Article XXII. than fifteen (15) feet above the average
grade of the site.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 3.3
GENERAL PROVISIONS SECTION 2003
4. There shall be no lighting of a blinking,
flashing, or fluttering nature, including
changes in light intensity, brightness or
color. Beacon and search lights are not
permitted.
5. No colored lights shall be used at any
location or in any manner so as to be
confused with or construed as traffic
control devices.
2003.10 APPEALS
An appeal may be taken to the Zoning Board of Appeals
by any person, firm or corporation, or by any officer,
department, board or bureau affected by a decision of
the Zoning Administrator. Such appeal process shall follow
the process and procedures of Article XXV of the City of
Muskegon Zoning Ordinance.
2003.11 FENCING
Fencing shall be permitted with approval of the Zoning
Administrator. Fencing shall adhere to Section 2331, 12-19
and the following additional provisions:
A. Fencing shall be permitted in rear and side yards
only, and located behind the front building wall.
B. Fencing shall be a maximum of three (3) feet in
height along side property lines; and six (6) feet in
height at rear property lines.
C. Chain link fencing shall be prohibited.
2003.12 TRASH ENCLOSURES
Open storage or refuse areas, including trash enclosures
shall adhere to the following:
A. Opaque Screen Wall. An opaque screen wall
(vertical structured barrier to visibility at all times
such as a fence or wall) is required around three
(3) sides of the dumpster and trash bin area. Height
shall not exceed six (6) feet.
B. Trash enclosures shall not be placed or face a front
or side street.
C. Trash enclosures shall be located behind the front
building wall.
3.4 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2004 SUBDIVISION AND ACCESS STANDARDS
2004.00 APPLICABILITY 2004.03 ACCESS REQUIREMENTS
The subdivision of lands within the Form Based Code district A. Alley access is encouraged within all Context
shall adhere to Chapter 78 of the City of Muskegon Code Areas.
of Ordinances, except as provided herein. Note that B. Existing alleys are encouraged to be maintained.
where the Design and Layout Standards within Chapter
78 contradict the standards herein, the standards herein C. Cross access easements shall be provided
shall take precedence. when feasible as an access management
strategy, especially within the Mainstreet
2004.01 LOT REQUIREMENTS Waterfront Context Area. Cross access ways
A. Access. Blocks and Lots shall abut a Street, shall be designed as Rear Alleys.
Avenue or Alley, as defined in Section 2005,
Context Areas and Uses. Double frontage lots D. Cross access agreements shall be legally
shall be permitted, provided that the applicant binding and allow interconnected vehicular
identify a principal frontage to orient building and pedestrian access in perpetuity.
types. Buildings shall face streets, right-of-ways,
E. Rear alleys shall be contiguous along adjacent
or civic spaces.
property lines, forming a travel way parallel to
the primary thoroughfare.
B. Width and Depth. Lot width shall be as follows:
1. Residential. Residential lots for detached F. Similar building types shall face each other
house types shall be at least 40’ in width. across a Street or Avenue, while Alleys may be
Live/work and/or rowhouse lots shall be used to transition between building types.
at least 18’ in width.
2. Commercial. Commercial or mixed use 2004.04 DRIVEWAY REQUIREMENTS
lots within all Context Areas shall be at A. Commercial.
least 25’ in width. 1. For access management purposes,
3. The maximum lot width to depth ratio driveways shall be shared and connect
shall be 1:4. to a rear alley when available.
4. Applicant is encouraged to verify site 2. A shared driveway access agreement
dimensional requirements for desired shall be reviewed and approved by
building type and applicable frontage the City Attorney prior to subdivision
standards prior to platting. approval.
2004.02 BLOCK REQUIREMENTS 2004.05 PLATTING REQUIREMENTS
A. Length. Blocks shall be not less than 500 feet nor The subdivision of lands shall follow the review and
more than 1,250 feet. approval process as provided in Chapter 78.
B. Width. Width shall be as necessary to meet 2004.06 SIDEWALKS
site dimensional requirements for applicable Sidewalks shall be provided in accordance with the Street
building types. Applicants are encouraged to Space Standards for the applicable Context Area.
consider providing civic space in the form of
plazas, pocket parks, or other public gathering
areas dispersed in 1/4 mile increments and not
less than 2,500 square feet in area.
C. Block Frontage. Blocks shall be bounded by
public right-of-way, civic space, public access
easements, or the waterfront.
D. Connectivity. New streets shall connect to
existing streets where ever possible. Cul-de-sacs
shall not be permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 4.1
SUBDIVISION AND ACCESS STANDARDS SECTION 2004
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4.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.00 PURPOSE
Section 2005 identifies the Context Areas and Uses
established for the City of Muskegon Form Based Code
and provides the attributes that are allowed in each Area.
These attributes include use, building types, and building
height. These Context Areas ensure that proposed
development is consistent with the desires and outcomes
of the 2003 Imagine Muskegon Plan, the 2008 Downtown
and Lakeshore Redevelopment Plan, and the 2015 City of
Muskegon Parking Strategy.
Each of the Context Areas described in this Section
represent a spectrum of development character and
intensity, ranging from the most urban intense (Downtown)
to the least urban intense (Residential). Each Context
Area establishes character through its use of Building
Types (Section 2006).
2005.01 APPLICABILITY
Each Context Area established in the Context Area Map
shall meet the standards of this Section. Each Context
Area includes permitted and special uses (if applicable),
Building Types, and building height. Key maps are provided
to quickly discern the context area location within the City
of Muskegon.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.1
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.02 CONTEXT AREA MAP
This Map contains Context Areas for the Muskegon Form Based Code
M u s k e g o n
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11
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Michigan Ave
NE NE
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Division St
Beidler St
UR UR UR
Washington Ave
UR
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gulating Plan Legend
PUBLIC REALM CONTEXT AREA MAP LEGEND
owntownDOWNTOWN
Form-based
(DT) CodeMAINSTREET WATERFRONT (MSW) DT, Downtown NEIGHBORHOOD
MSW, EDGE (NE)
Mainstreet Waterfront NE, Neighborhood Edge ! ! ! !
ty of MuskegonMAINSTREET (MS) NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR)
MS, Mainstreet NC, Neighborhood Core UR, Urban Residential
arch 2015 REQUIRED GROUND FLOOR ACTIVE USES (REFER TO PERMITTED USES IN SECTION 2005 AND DEFINITIONS IN SECTION 2010) NORTH
5.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
s k e g o n
2005.02 CONTEXT AREA MAP (continued)
This Map contains Context Areas for the Muskegon Form Based Code
L a k e
g o n
Vir
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Viridian Dr
MSW
L a k e
Shoreline Dr
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[
Division St
Beidler St
DT, Downtown MSW, Mainstreet Waterfront NE, Neighborhood Edge ! ! ! ! ! ! Active Edge
UR 1 inch = 700 feet
MS, Mainstreet NC, Neighborhood Core UR, Urban Residential
UR
0 350 700 1,400
Feet
[
PUBLIC REALM CONTEXT AREA MAP LEGEND
DOWNTOWN (DT)
MSW, Mainstreet Waterfront NE, Neighborhood Edge MAINSTREET WATERFRONT
! ! ! ! ! ! Active Edge (MSW) NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE (NE)
1 inch = 700 feet
MAINSTREET (MS) NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR)
NC, Neighborhood Core UR, Urban Residential 0 350 700 1,400
Feet
NORTH REQUIRED GROUND FLOOR ACTIVE USES (REFER TO PERMITTED USES IN SECTION 2005 AND DEFINITIONS IN SECTION 2010)
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.3
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.03 CONTEXT AREAS OVERVIEW
Context Areas for the Muskegon Form Based Code are summarized as follows:
MORE URBAN
DT MS MSW
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET MAINSTREET WATERFRONT
DOWNTOWN DESCRIPTION MAINSTREET DESCRIPTION MS WATERFRONT DESCRIPTION
This Context Area is characterized by This Context Area is characterized by This Context Area is similar to the
mixed use buildings set next to the mixed use buildings set next to the Mainstreet Context Area and is
sidewalk in order to create a street sidewalk in order to create a street characterized by mixed use buildings
wall and promote commerce and wall and promote commerce and set next to the sidewalk in order to
shopping. These buildings contain shopping. These buildings contain create a street wall and promote
street level retail uses with residential primarily street level retail uses, commerce and shopping. Buildings
and office uses on the upper floors. however, residential and service uses in this district are required to have
This Context Area has a high level of may occur on the ground floor so setbacks on the upper floors so that
transit service that can help off-set that the area can mature over time. lakeshore views are maintained.
the need for off-street parking and This Context Area has a high level of
promote walkability. walkability and vibrancy at the street
level.
The following are generally The following are generally The following are generally
appropriate form elements in this appropriate form elements in this appropriate form elements in this
Context Area: Context Area: Context Area:
A. Attached buildings A. Attached buildings A. Attached buildings
B. Medium to large building B. Medium to large building B. Medium to large building
footprint footprint footprint
C. Building at the Right-of- C. Building at or near the C. Building at or near the
Way Right-of-Way Right-of-Way
D. No side setbacks D. Small side setbacks D. Small side setbacks
E. Storefront frontages E. Varied frontages with an E. Varied frontages with an
emphasis on commercial emphasis on commercial
5.4 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.03 CONTEXT AREAS OVERVIEW (continued)
Context Areas for the Muskegon Form Based Code are summarized as follows:
L ESS U RBA N
NC NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD CORE NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE URBAN RESIDENTIAL
NEIGHBORHOOD CORE DESCRIPTION NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE DESCRIPTION URBAN RESIDENTIAL DESCRIPTION
This Context Area is characterized by This Context Area is characterized This Context Area is characterized
a wide variety of building types that by a wide range of residential by a wide variety of residential
can accommodate retail, service, building types that have a variety of buildings types that have a range
office, and residential uses. Buildings setback conditions within a compact of setback conditions within a
are typically close to the street walkable block structure. Retail and compact walkable block structure.
and form nodes of activity at key office enterprises may occur in various Small retail enterprises may occur at
intersections. This Context Area forms locations within the block structure. strategic corner locations within live
a transitional area between the more This Context Area provides a variety / work buildings. This Context Area
intense Context Areas of the Form of medium and small residential is typically adjacent to single family
Based Code area and the existing building types that transition between residential districts.
residential neighborhoods that are the existing neighborhoods.
adjacent to downtown Muskegon.
The following are generally The following are generally The following are generally
appropriate form elements in this appropriate form elements in this appropriate form elements in this
Context Area: Context Area: Context Area:
A. Primarily attached A. Attached and detached A. Attached and detached
buildings buildings residential buildings
B. Medium to large building B. Medium building footprints B. Medium to small building
footprint C. Varied front setbacks footprint
C. Varied front setbacks D. Medium to small side C. Varied front setbacks
D. Small side setbacks setbacks D. Medium side setbacks
E. Varied frontages E. Varied frontages E. Primarily stoops and porch
frontages
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.5
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.04 SUMMARY OF BUILDING TYPES PERMITTED IN EACH CONTEXT AREA
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE
MSW NC NE UR
WITH FRONTAGE OPTION DT
DOWNTOWN
MS
MAINSTREET MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with BALCONY By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
MIXED-USE
BUILDING
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional Conditional Conditional Conditional Conditional
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right By Right
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right
BUILDING
RETAIL
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional Conditional Conditional Conditional
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right By Right
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right
BUILDING TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional Conditional Conditional Conditional
FLEX
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right By Right
with DOORYARD By Right By Right By Right By Right
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right
COTTAGE
BUILDING
RETAIL
with DOORYARD By Right By Right
with STOOP By Right By Right
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right
LIVE / WORK
At corner lots
BUILDING
with DOORYARD By Right By Right By Right By Right only
TYPE
with LIGHTWELL By Right By Right By Right By Right
At corner lots
with STOOP By Right By Right By Right By Right only
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right
BUILDING TYPE BUILDING TYPE
MULTI-PLEX
with DOORYARD By Right By Right By Right
LARGE
with STOOP By Right
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right
MULTI-PLEX
with STOOP By Right By Right By Right
SMALL
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right By Right
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right By Right By Right
ROWHOUSE
with LIGHTWELL By Right By Right By Right
BUILDING
TYPE
with STOOP By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right By Right
with STOOP By Right By Right
BUILDING
DUPLEX
TYPE
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right By Right
BUILDING TYPE
DETACHED
with STOOP By Right By Right
HOUSE
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right By Right
CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE By Right By Right
CIVIC BUILDING TYPE By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in specified Public Realm Context Area.
5.6 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.05 DOWNTOWN (DT) CONTEXT AREA
1.0 CONTEXT AREA INTENT AND DESCRIPTION
INTENT
To reinforce and enhance the downtown city core and
to enable it to evolve into a complete neighborhood that
provides local and regional service, retail, entertainment,
civic, and public uses, as well as a variety of urban housing
choices.
DESCRIPTION
This Context Area is characterized by mixed use buildings
set next to the sidewalk in order to create a street wall
and promote commerce and shopping. These buildings
contain street level retail uses with residential and office
uses on the upper floors. This context area has a high level
of transit service that can help off-set the need for off-
street parking and promote walkability.
The following are generally appropriate form elements in
this Context Area:
A. Attached buildings
B. Medium to large building footprint
C. Building at the Right-of-Way
D. No side setbacks
E. Storefront frontages
2.0 CONTEXT AREA LOCATION
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.7
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.05 DOWNTOWN (DT) CONTEXT AREA
3.0 PERMITTED BUILDING TYPES, BUILDING TYPE HEIGHTS, AND BUILDING TYPE LOT SIZES
BUILDING TYPE DOWNTOWN (DT) CONTEXT AREA
PERMITTED IN
WITH FRONTAGE OPTION CONTEXT AREA
BUILDING HEIGHT BUILDING LOT SIZE
with STOREFRONT By Right 12 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with BALCONY By Right 12 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
MIXED-USE
BUILDING
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional * 12 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with FORECOURT By Right 12 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DRIVE-THROUGH
with STOREFRONT
BUILDING
RETAIL
TYPE
with TERRACE
with DRIVE-THROUGH
with STOREFRONT
BUILDING TYPE
with TERRACE
FLEX
with FORECOURT
with DOORYARD
with STOREFRONT
COTTAGE
BUILDING
RETAIL
with DOORYARD
with STOOP
with STOREFRONT
LIVE / WORK
BUILDING
with DOORYARD
TYPE
with LIGHTWELL
with STOOP
with FORECOURT
BUILDING TYPE BUILDING TYPE
MULTI-PLEX
with DOORYARD
LARGE
with STOOP
with PROJECTING PORCH
MULTI-PLEX
with STOOP
SMALL
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
ROWHOUSE
with LIGHTWELL
BUILDING
TYPE
with STOOP
with PROJECTING PORCH
with STOOP
BUILDING
DUPLEX
TYPE
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
BUILDING TYPE
DETACHED
with STOOP
HOUSE
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
CIVIC BUILDING TYPE By Right 4 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
Shaded areas represent Building Types and / or frontages that are not permitted in specified Context Area.
* Refer to the Building Type with specific frontage option in Section 2006 for buildings and frontages labeled as Conditional.
5.8 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.05 DOWNTOWN (DT) CONTEXT AREA
4.0 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.01 for building site placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.01 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
A. Front Build-to-Line (at front street):
■■ 0 feet - required build-to-line (no setback
is permitted in this Context Area, building
C
facade shall be at front property line).
REAR PROPERTY LINE
B. Side Build-to-Line (at side street): D
■■ 0 feet - required build-to-line (no setback
is permitted in this Context Area, building
facade shall be at side property line).
C. Side Setback (at non-street locations): B
■■ 0 feet from side property line.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
D. Rear Setback: BUILDING E
■■ 0 feet from rear property line. FOOTPRINT
SIDE STREET
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
E. Encroachments: Balconies, awnings, canopies,
eaves, cornices, and bay windows may project
into required setbacks, beyond required build-
A
to-zones, or into the public right-of-way as
indicated in Section 2003.02. FRONT PROPERTY
LINE
FRONT STREET
5.0 PARKING PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.02 for on-site parking placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.02 PARKING PLACEMENT
A. Front Setback:
■■ 40 feet minimum from front property line.
D
B. Side Setback (from side street):
■■ 5 feet minimum from side property line. REAR PROPERTY LINE
C. Side Setback (from non-street locations): E
■■ 0 feet from side property line. C
F
D. Rear Setback: ON-SITE PARKING
■■ 0 feet from rear property line at non-street PERMITTED IN
HATCHED AREA
locations.
B
■■ 5 feet from rear property line at street
locations.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
E G
E. Parking located at side or rear street locations
shall be screened from the street as required by
Section 2008.14.
SIDE PROPERTY
SIDE STREET
A
LINE
F. Parking / service areas shall not be accessed
from front streets, unless an alley or side street FRONT PROPERTY
is not available for driveway placement. LINE
Maximum width of driveway is 20 feet.
FRONT STREET
G. Driveway access location:
■■ Corner lot: 40 feet minimum from street
corner.
■■ Interior lot: within 5 feet of side property
line, when alley is not available.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.9
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.05 DOWNTOWN (DT) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES
DOWNTOWN (DT) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Accessory buildings and uses P
Amusement and recreation facility P
Auto service station
Bank P
Business school/private or public school/higher ed. S
Church
Club, lodge, hall
Gallery/museum P P
Hotel/motel P
Indoor theater/live music concert hall P
Light manufacturing
Machine shop
Micro brewery, distillery, winery under 2500 barrels P
Micro brewery, distillery, winery over 2500 barrels P
Multi-family P*
Office P
Outdoor recreation
Outdoor theater
Parking structure S
Personal service P
Railway terminal P
Research and development
Restaurant, cocktail lounge, brewpub P
Retail P
Shipping, port related activity
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
5.10 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.05 DOWNTOWN (DT) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES (continued)
DOWNTOWN (DT) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Shared/Co-op housing P*
Single-family residential
Taxi/limo service P
Two-family residential
Uses similar to permitted uses P P
Uses similar to special uses P P
Veterinary and kennel
Warehousing
Wind turbine
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.11
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
This page left intentionally blank
5.12 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.06 MAINSTREET (MS) CONTEXT AREA
1.0 CONTEXT AREA INTENT AND DESCRIPTION
INTENT
To provide a focal point that serves the city’s
neighborhoods by accommodating retail, service, and
residential uses in a compact, walkable urban form.
DESCRIPTION
This Context Area is characterized by mixed use buildings
set next to the sidewalk in order to create a street wall
and promote commerce and shopping. These buildings
contain primarily street level retail uses, however,
residential and service uses may occur on the ground
floor so that the area can mature over time. This Context
Area has a high level of walkability and vibrancy at the
street level.
The following are generally appropriate form elements in
this Context Area:
A. Attached buildings
B. Medium to large building footprint
C. Building at or near the Right-of-Way
D. Small side setbacks
E. Varied frontages with an emphasis on
commercial
2.0 CONTEXT AREA LOCATION
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.13
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.06 MAINSTREET (MS) CONTEXT AREA
3.0 PERMITTED BUILDING TYPES, BUILDING TYPE HEIGHTS, AND BUILDING TYPE LOT SIZES
BUILDING TYPE MAINSTREET (MS) CONTEXT AREA
PERMITTED IN
WITH FRONTAGE OPTION CONTEXT AREA
BUILDING HEIGHT BUILDING LOT SIZE
with STOREFRONT By Right 8 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with BALCONY By Right 8 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
MIXED-USE
BUILDING
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional * 8 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with FORECOURT By Right 8 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DRIVE-THROUGH
with STOREFRONT By Right 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING
RETAIL
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional* 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DRIVE-THROUGH
with STOREFRONT By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional* 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
FLEX
with FORECOURT By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DOORYARD By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOREFRONT
COTTAGE
BUILDING
RETAIL
with DOORYARD
with STOOP
with STOREFRONT By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
LIVE / WORK
BUILDING
with DOORYARD By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
TYPE
with LIGHTWELL By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with STOOP By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with FORECOURT By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 75’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING TYPE BUILDING TYPE
MULTI-PLEX
with DOORYARD By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 75’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
LARGE
with STOOP
with PROJECTING PORCH
MULTI-PLEX
with STOOP
SMALL
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
ROWHOUSE
with LIGHTWELL By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING
TYPE
with STOOP By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with PROJECTING PORCH
with STOOP
BUILDING
DUPLEX
TYPE
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
BUILDING TYPE
DETACHED
with STOOP
HOUSE
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
CIVIC BUILDING TYPE By Right 4 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
Shaded areas represent Building Types and / or frontages that are not permitted in specified Context Area.
* Refer to the Building Type with specific frontage option in Section 2006 for buildings and frontages labeled as Conditional.
5.14 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.06 MAINSTREET (MS) CONTEXT AREA
4.0 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.03 for building site placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.03 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
A. Front Build-to-Zone (at front street):
■■ Required build-to-zone from 0 to 15 feet
C B
from front property line.
REAR PROPERTY
■■ Mixed-Use and Retail Building Types in this LINE
Context Area shall have facade placed D
at front property line (required build-to-
line at front property line).
B. Side Build-to-Zone (at side street):
■■ Required build-to-zone from 0 to 15 feet
from side property line.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
■■ Mixed-Use and Retail Building Types in this BUILDING E
Context Area shall have facade placed FOOTPRINT
at side property line (required build-to-line
SIDE STREET
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
at side property line).
C. Side Setback (at non-street locations):
■■ 0 feet from side property line.
FRONT PROPERTY
LINE
D. Rear Setback:
■■ 0 feet from rear property line.
FRONT STREET
E. Encroachments: Balconies, awnings, canopies,
eaves, cornices, and bay windows, may project A
into required setbacks, beyond required build-
to-zones, or into the public right-of-way as
indicated in Section 2003.02.
5.0 PARKING PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.04 for on-site parking placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.04 PARKING PLACEMENT
A. Front Setback:
■■ 40 feet minimum from front property line.
D
B. Side Setback (from side street):
■■ 5 feet minimum from side property line. REAR PROPERTY LINE
C. Side Setback (from non-street locations): E
■■ 0 feet from side property line. C
F
D. Rear Setback: ON-SITE PARKING
■■ 0 feet from rear property line at non-street PERMITTED IN
HATCHED AREA
locations.
B
■■ 5 feet from rear property line at street
locations.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
E G
E. Parking located at side or rear street locations
shall be screened from the street as required by
Section 2008.14.
SIDE PROPERTY
SIDE STREET
A
LINE
F. Parking / service areas shall not be accessed
from front streets, unless an alley or side street FRONT PROPERTY
is not available for driveway placement. LINE
Maximum width of driveway is 20 feet.
FRONT STREET
G. Driveway access location:
■■ Corner lot: 40 feet minimum from street
corner.
■■ Interior lot: within 5 feet of side property
line, when alley is not available.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.15
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.06 MAINSTREET (MS) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES
MAINSTREET (MS) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Accessory buildings and uses P P P P P P
Amusement and recreation facility P P P
Auto service station
Bank P P P
Business school/private or public school/higher ed. P P P
Church P
Club, lodge, hall P
Gallery/museum P P P
Hotel/motel P
Indoor theater/live music concert hall P P
Light manufacturing
Machine shop
Micro brewery, distillery, winery under 2500 barrels P P P
Micro brewery, distillery, winery over 2500 barrels P P P
Multi-family P* P* P
Office P P P P P#
Outdoor recreation
Outdoor theater
Parking structure S
Personal service P P P P P#
Railway terminal P
Research and development
Restaurant, cocktail lounge, brewpub P P P P#
Retail P P P P P#
Shipping, port related activity
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
5.16 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.06 MAINSTREET (MS) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES (continued)
MAINSTREET (MS) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Shared/Co-op housing P* P* P
Single-family residential P P
Taxi/limo service P P P
Two-family residential
Uses similar to permitted uses P P P P P P P
Uses similar to special uses P P P P P P P
Veterinary and kennel
Warehousing
Wind turbine
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.17
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
This page left intentionally blank
5.18 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.07 MAINSTREET WATERFRONT (MSW) CONTEXT AREA
1.0 CONTEXT AREA INTENT AND DESCRIPTION
INTENT
To provide a waterfront focal point that serves the city’s
neighborhoods and the region by accommodating retail,
service, and residential uses in a compact, walkable
urban form.
DESCRIPTION
This Context Area is similar to the Mainstreet Context Area
and is characterized by mixed use buildings set next to
the sidewalk in order to create a street wall and promote
commerce and shopping. Buildings in this district are
required to have setbacks on the upper floors so that
lakeshore views are maintained.
The following are generally appropriate form elements in
this Context Area:
A. Attached buildings
B. Medium to large building footprint
C. Building at or near the Right-of-Way
D. Small side setbacks
E. Varied frontages with an emphasis on
commercial
2.0 CONTEXT AREA LOCATION
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.19
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.07 MAINSTREET WATERFRONT (MSW) CONTEXT AREA
3.0 PERMITTED BUILDING TYPES, BUILDING TYPE HEIGHTS, AND BUILDING TYPE LOT SIZES
BUILDING TYPE MAINSTREET WATERFRONT (MSW) CONTEXT AREA
PERMITTED IN
WITH FRONTAGE OPTION CONTEXT AREA
BUILDING HEIGHT BUILDING LOT SIZE
with STOREFRONT By Right 12 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with BALCONY By Right 12 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
MIXED-USE
BUILDING
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
12 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional * (refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with FORECOURT By Right 12 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with DRIVE-THROUGH
with STOREFRONT By Right 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING
RETAIL
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional* 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DRIVE-THROUGH
with STOREFRONT By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING TYPE
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with TERRACE Conditional* 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
FLEX
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with FORECOURT By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with DOORYARD By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with STOREFRONT
COTTAGE
BUILDING
RETAIL
with DOORYARD
with STOOP
with STOREFRONT By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
LIVE / WORK
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
BUILDING
with DOORYARD By Right (refer to Section 2005.07.7)
TYPE
with LIGHTWELL By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with STOOP By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with FORECOURT By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 75’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING TYPE BUILDING TYPE
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
MULTI-PLEX
with DOORYARD By Right 6 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 75’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
LARGE
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
with STOOP
with PROJECTING PORCH
MULTI-PLEX
with STOOP
SMALL
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
ROWHOUSE
with LIGHTWELL By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING
TYPE
with STOOP By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with PROJECTING PORCH
with STOOP
BUILDING
DUPLEX
TYPE
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
BUILDING TYPE
DETACHED
with STOOP
HOUSE
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
CIVIC BUILDING TYPE By Right 4 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
(refer to Section 2005.07.7)
Shaded areas represent Building Types and / or frontages that are not permitted in specified Context Area.
* Refer to the Building Type with specific frontage option in Section 2006 for buildings and frontages labeled as Conditional.
5.20 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.07 MAINSTREET WATERFRONT (MSW) CONTEXT AREA
4.0 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.05 for building site placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.05 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
A. Front Build-to-Zone (at front street):
■■ Required build-to-zone from 0 to 15 feet
from front property line. C B
REAR PROPERTY
■■ Mixed-Use and Retail Building Types in this LINE
Context Area shall have facade placed
at front property line (required build-to- D
line at front property line).
■■ Front build-to-zone for Mainstreet
Waterfront Context Area shall also be
applied to any property lines or easements
that face the waterfront.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
B. Side Build-to-Zone (at side street): BUILDING E
■■ Required build-to-zone from 0 to 15 feet FOOTPRINT
from side property line.
SIDE STREET
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
■■ Mixed-Use and Retail Building Types in this
Context Area shall have facade placed
at side property line (required build-to-line
at side property line). FRONT PROPERTY
LINE
C. Side Setback (at non-street locations):
■■ 0 feet from side property line. FRONT STREET
D. Rear Setback:
■■ 0 feet from rear property line. A
E. Encroachments: Balconies, awnings, canopies,
eaves, cornices, and bay windows, may project
into required setbacks, beyond required build-
to-zones, or into the public right-of-way as
indicated in Section 2003.02.
5.0 PARKING PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.06 for on-site parking placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.06 PARKING PLACEMENT
A. Front Setback:
■■ 40 feet minimum from front property line.
D
B. Side Setback (from side street):
■■ 5 feet minimum from side property line. REAR PROPERTY LINE
C. Side Setback (from non-street locations): E
■■ 0 feet from side property line. C
F
D. Rear Setback: ON-SITE PARKING
■■ 0 feet from rear property line at non-street PERMITTED IN
HATCHED AREA
locations.
B
■■ 5 feet from rear property line at street
locations.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
E G
E. Parking located at side or rear street locations
shall be screened from the street as required by
Section 2008.14.
SIDE PROPERTY
SIDE STREET
A
LINE
F. Parking / service areas shall not be accessed
from front streets, unless an alley or side street FRONT PROPERTY
is not available for driveway placement. LINE
Maximum width of driveway is 20 feet.
FRONT STREET
G. Driveway access location:
■■ Corner lot: 40 feet minimum from street
corner.
■■ Interior lot: within 5 feet of side property
line, when alley is not available.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.21
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.07 MAINSTREET WATERFRONT (MSW) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES
MAINSTREET WATERFRONT (MSW) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Accessory buildings and uses P P P P P P
Amusement and recreation facility P P P
Auto service station
Bank P P P
Business school/private or public school/higher ed. P
Church P
Club, lodge, hall P
Gallery/museum P P P
Hotel/motel P
Indoor theater/live music concert hall P P
Light manufacturing
Machine shop
Micro brewery, distillery, winery under 2500 barrels P P P
Micro brewery, distillery, winery over 2500 barrels P P P
Multi-family P* P* P
Office P P P P
Outdoor recreation P P P
Outdoor theater P
Parking structure S
Personal service P P P P
Railway terminal P
Research and development
Restaurant, cocktail lounge, brewpub P P P
Retail P P P P
Shipping, port related activity P
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
5.22 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.07 MAINSTREET WATERFRONT (MSW) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES (continued)
MAINSTREET (MSW) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Shared/Co-op housing P* P* P
Single-family residential P P
Taxi/limo service P P P
Two-family residential
Uses similar to permitted uses P P P P P P P
Uses similar to special uses P P P P P P P
Veterinary and kennel
Warehousing
Wind turbine P
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.23
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.07 MAINSTREET WATERFRONT (MSW) CONTEXT AREA
7.0 CONDITIONAL PERMITTING OF BUILDING TYPES
Refer to Illustration 5.07 for upper story setbacks that ILLUSTRATION 5.07 UPPER STORY SETBACKS
are required for all buildings located in the Mainstreet
Waterfront Context Area. A
A. Upper stories above the second floor and
facing front and side streets are required to be B
setback from the front and side property line 12
feet minimum and 30 feet maximum.
B. Upper stories above the second floor and facing
UPPER FLOORS
the waterfront (Waterfront Edge Public Realm
in Section 2007) are required to be setback C
from the waterfront edge 20 feet minimum and
30 feet maximum.
THIRD FLOOR
C. Balconies that cantilever from the wall surface
may encroach into the required setback area.
SECOND FLOOR
FRONT STREET, SIDE STREET, OR
WATERFRONT EDGE
GROUND FLOOR
5.24 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.08 NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) CONTEXT AREA
1.0 CONTEXT AREA INTENT AND DESCRIPTION
INTENT
To provide a variety of urban housing, retail, and
commercial choices, in medium footprint, medium-
density Building Types, which reinforce the neighborhood’s
walkable nature and support neighborhood retail and
service at key intersections.
DESCRIPTION
This Context Area is characterized by a wide variety of
building types that can accommodate retail, service,
office, and residential uses. Buildings are typically close to
the street and form nodes of activity at key intersections.
This Context Area forms a transitional area between the
more intense Context Areas of the Form Based Code
area and the existing residential neighborhoods that are
adjacent to downtown Muskegon.
The following are generally appropriate form elements in
this Context Area:
A. Attached and detached buildings
B. Medium building footprints
C. Varied front setbacks
D. Medium to small side setbacks
E. Varied frontages
2.0 CONTEXT AREA LOCATION
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.25
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.08 NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) CONTEXT AREA
3.0 PERMITTED BUILDING TYPES, BUILDING TYPE HEIGHTS, AND BUILDING TYPE LOT SIZES
BUILDING TYPE NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) CONTEXT AREA
PERMITTED IN
WITH FRONTAGE OPTION CONTEXT AREA
BUILDING HEIGHT BUILDING LOT SIZE
with STOREFRONT By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with BALCONY By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
MIXED-USE
BUILDING
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional * 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with FORECOURT By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOREFRONT By Right 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING
RETAIL
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional* 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOREFRONT By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional* 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
FLEX
with FORECOURT By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DOORYARD By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOREFRONT By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
COTTAGE
BUILDING
RETAIL
with DOORYARD By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with STOOP By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with STOREFRONT By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
LIVE / WORK
BUILDING
with DOORYARD By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
TYPE
with LIGHTWELL By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with STOOP By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with FORECOURT By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 75’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING TYPE BUILDING TYPE
MULTI-PLEX
with DOORYARD By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 75’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
LARGE
with STOOP By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 75’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 5 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 75’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
MULTI-PLEX
with STOOP By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
SMALL
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
ROWHOUSE
with LIGHTWELL By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING
TYPE
with STOOP By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOOP
BUILDING
DUPLEX
TYPE
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
BUILDING TYPE
DETACHED
with STOOP
HOUSE
with PROJECTING PORCH
with ENGAGED PORCH
CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
CIVIC BUILDING TYPE By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
Shaded areas represent Building Types and / or frontages that are not permitted in specified Context Area.
* Refer to the Building Type with specific frontage option in Section 2006 for buildings and frontages labeled as Conditional.
5.26 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.08 NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) CONTEXT AREA
4.0 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.08 for building site placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.08 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
A. Front Build-to-Zone (at front street):
■■ Required build-to-zone from 0 to 20 feet
C B
from front property line.
REAR PROPERTY
■■ Mixed-Use and Retail Building Types in this LINE
Context Area shall have facade placed D
at front property line (required build-to-
line at front property line).
B. Side Build-to-Zone (at side street):
■■ Required build-to-zone from 0 to 20 feet
from side property line.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
■■ Mixed-Use and Retail Building Types in this BUILDING E
Context Area shall have facade placed FOOTPRINT
at side property line (required build-to-line
SIDE STREET
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
at side property line).
C. Side Setback (at non-street locations):
■■ 3 feet from side property line.
FRONT PROPERTY
LINE
D. Rear Setback:
■■ 10 feet from rear property line.
FRONT STREET
E. Encroachments: Balconies, awnings, canopies,
eaves, cornices, and bay windows, may project A
into required setbacks, beyond required build-
to-zones, or into the public right-of-way as
indicated in Section 2003.02.
5.0 PARKING PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.09 for on-site parking placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.09 PARKING PLACEMENT
A. Front Setback:
■■ 40 feet minimum from front property line.
C D
B. Side Setback (from side street): REAR PROPERTY
■■ 5 feet minimum from side property line. LINE
C. Side Setback (from non-street locations): E
■■ 5 feet from side property line.
F
D. Rear Setback: ON-SITE PARKING
■■ 5 feet from rear property line at non-street PERMITTED IN
HATCHED AREA
locations.
B
■■ 5 feet from rear property line at street
locations.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
E G
E. Parking located at side or rear street locations
shall be screened from the street as required by
Section 2008.14.
SIDE PROPERTY
SIDE STREET
A
LINE
F. Parking / service areas shall not be accessed
from front streets, unless an alley or side street FRONT PROPERTY
is not available for driveway placement. LINE
Maximum width of driveway is 20 feet.
FRONT STREET
G. Driveway access location: F
■■ Corner lot: 40 feet minimum from street
corner.
■■ Interior lot: within 5 feet of side property
line, when alley is not available.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.27
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.08 NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES
NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Accessory buildings and uses P P P P P P P P
Amusement and recreation facility P P P
Auto service station S S S S
Bank P P P
Business school/private or public school/higher ed. P
Church P
Club, lodge, hall P
Gallery/museum P P P
Hotel/motel P
Indoor theater/live music concert hall P P
Light manufacturing S P P
Machine shop S P P
Micro brewery, distillery, winery under 2500 barrels P P P P
Micro brewery, distillery, winery over 2500 barrels P P P
Multi-family P* P* P P
Office P P P P P
Outdoor recreation P
Outdoor theater
Parking structure S
Personal service P P P P P
Railway terminal P
Research and development P P
Restaurant, cocktail lounge, brewpub P P P P
Retail P P P P P
Shipping, port related activity P
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
5.28 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.08 NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES (continued)
NEIGHBORHOOD CORE (NC) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Shared/Co-op housing P* P* P P
Single-family residential P* P P
Taxi/limo service P P P P
Two-family residential
Uses similar to permitted uses P P P P P P P P
Uses similar to special uses P P P P P P P P
Veterinary and kennel P
Warehousing P P
Wind turbine P
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.29
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
This page left intentionally blank
5.30 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.09 NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE (NE) CONTEXT AREA
1.0 CONTEXT AREA INTENT AND DESCRIPTION
INTENT
To provide an urban form that can accommodate a
very diverse range of Building Types and uses, in order
to reinforce the pattern of existing diverse walkable
neighborhoods and to encourage revitalization and
investment.
DESCRIPTION
This Context Area is characterized by a wide range of
residential building types that have a variety of setback
conditions within a compact walkable block structure.
Retail and office enterprises may occur in various locations
within the block structure. This Context Area provides a
variety of medium and small residential building types that
transition between the existing neighborhoods.
The following are generally appropriate form elements in
this Context Area:
A. Primarily attached buildings
B. Medium to large building footprint
C. Varied front setbacks
D. Small side setbacks
E. Varied frontages
2.0 CONTEXT AREA LOCATION
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.31
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.09 NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE (NE) CONTEXT AREA
3.0 PERMITTED BUILDING TYPES, BUILDING TYPE HEIGHTS, AND BUILDING TYPE LOT SIZES
BUILDING TYPE NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE (NE) CONTEXT AREA
PERMITTED IN
WITH FRONTAGE OPTION CONTEXT AREA
BUILDING HEIGHT BUILDING LOT SIZE
with STOREFRONT By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with BALCONY By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
MIXED-USE
BUILDING
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional * 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with FORECOURT By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOREFRONT By Right 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING
RETAIL
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional* 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right 1 story building limit Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOREFRONT By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional* 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
FLEX
with FORECOURT By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with DOORYARD By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 250’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOREFRONT By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
COTTAGE
BUILDING
RETAIL
with DOORYARD By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with STOOP By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with STOREFRONT By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
LIVE / WORK
BUILDING
with DOORYARD By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
TYPE
with LIGHTWELL By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with STOOP By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with FORECOURT
BUILDING TYPE BUILDING TYPE
MULTI-PLEX
with DOORYARD
LARGE
with STOOP
with PROJECTING PORCH
MULTI-PLEX
with STOOP By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
SMALL
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
ROWHOUSE
with LIGHTWELL
BUILDING
TYPE
with STOOP By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOOP By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 40’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING
DUPLEX
TYPE
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 40’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 40’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING TYPE
DETACHED
with STOOP By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 30’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
HOUSE
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 30’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 30’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
Not Applicable - Carriage House Building Type must be used as an
CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE By Right 2 story building required accessory building to another building type (refer to Section 2006)
CIVIC BUILDING TYPE By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
Shaded areas represent Building Types and / or frontages that are not permitted in specified Context Area.
* Refer to the Building Type with specific frontage option in Section 2006 for buildings and frontages labeled as Conditional.
5.32 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.09 NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE (NE) CONTEXT AREA
4.0 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.10 for building site placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.10 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
A. Front Build-to-Zone (at front street):
■■ Required build-to-zone from 5 to 25 feet
C B
from front property line.
REAR PROPERTY
■■ Mixed-Use and Retail Building Types in this LINE
Context Area shall have facade placed D
at front property line (required build-to-
line at front property line).
B. Side Build-to-Zone (at side street):
■■ Required build-to-zone from 10 to 25 feet
from side property line.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
■■ Mixed-Use and Retail Building Types in this BUILDING E
Context Area shall have facade placed FOOTPRINT
at side property line (required build-to-line
SIDE STREET
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
at side property line).
C. Side Setback (at non-street locations):
■■ 3 feet from side property line.
FRONT PROPERTY
LINE
D. Rear Setback:
■■ 10 feet from rear property line.
FRONT STREET
E. Encroachments: Balconies, awnings, canopies,
eaves, cornices, and bay windows, may project A
into required setbacks, beyond required build-
to-zones, or into the public right-of-way as
indicated in Section 2003.02.
5.0 PARKING PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.11 for on-site parking placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.11 PARKING PLACEMENT
A. Front Setback:
■■ 40 feet minimum from front property line.
C D
B. Side Setback (from side street): REAR PROPERTY
■■ 5 feet minimum from side property line. LINE
C. Side Setback (from non-street locations): E
■■ 5 feet from side property line.
F
D. Rear Setback: ON-SITE PARKING
■■ 5 feet from rear property line at non-street PERMITTED IN
HATCHED AREA
locations.
B
■■ 5 feet from rear property line at street
locations.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
E H
E. Parking located at side or rear street locations
shall be screened from the street as required by
Section 2008.14.
SIDE PROPERTY
SIDE STREET
A
LINE
F. Parking / service areas shall not be accessed
from front streets, unless an alley or side street FRONT PROPERTY
is not available for driveway placement. LINE
Maximum width of driveway is 20 feet.
FRONT STREET
G. Driveway access location: F
■■ Corner lot: 40 feet minimum from street
corner.
■■ Interior lot: within 5 feet of side property
line, when alley is not available.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.33
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.09 NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE (NE) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES
NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE (NE) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Accessory buildings and uses P P P P P P P P P P
Amusement and recreation facility P P P
Auto service station S S S S
Bank P P P
Business school/private or public school/higher ed. P
Church P
Club, lodge, hall P
Gallery/museum P P P
Hotel/motel P
Indoor theater/live music concert hall P P
Light manufacturing S P P
Machine shop S P P
Micro brewery, distillery, winery under 2500 barrels P P P P
Micro brewery, distillery, winery over 2500 barrels P P P
Multi-family P* P* P
Office P P P P P
Outdoor recreation P
Outdoor theater
Parking structure S
Personal service P P P P P
Railway terminal P
Research and development P P
Restaurant, cocktail lounge, brewpub P P P P
Retail P P P P P
Shipping, port related activity P
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
5.34 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.09 NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE (NE) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES (continued)
NEIGHBORHOOD EDGE (NE) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Shared/Co-op housing P* P* P
Single-family residential P* P P P P*
Taxi/limo service P P P P
Two-family residential P
Uses similar to permitted uses P P P P P P P P P P P
Uses similar to special uses P P P P P P P P P P P
Veterinary and kennel P
Warehousing P P
Wind turbine P
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.35
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
This page left intentionally blank
5.36 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.10 URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR) CONTEXT AREA
1.0 CONTEXT AREA INTENT AND DESCRIPTION
INTENT
To provide a variety of urban housing choices, in small
to medium footprint, medium-density Building Types,
which reinforce the neighborhood’s walkable nature and
support small locally-owned neighborhood retail, service,
and commercial activity.
DESCRIPTION
This Context Area is characterized by a wide variety of
residential buildings types that have a range of setback
conditions within a compact walkable block structure.
Small retail enterprises may occur at strategic corner
locations within live / work buildings. This Context Area is
typically adjacent to single family residential districts.
The following are generally appropriate form elements in
this Context Area:
A. Attached and detached residential buildings
B. Medium to small building footprint
C. Varied front setbacks
D. Medium side setbacks
E. Primarily stoops and porch frontages
2.0 CONTEXT AREA LOCATION
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.37
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.10 URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR) CONTEXT AREA
3.0 PERMITTED BUILDING TYPES, BUILDING TYPE HEIGHTS, AND BUILDING TYPE LOT SIZES
BUILDING TYPE URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR) CONTEXT AREA
PERMITTED IN
WITH FRONTAGE OPTION CONTEXT AREA
BUILDING HEIGHT BUILDING LOT SIZE
with STOREFRONT
with BALCONY
MIXED-USE
BUILDING
TYPE
with TERRACE
with FORECOURT
with DRIVE-THROUGH
with STOREFRONT
BUILDING
RETAIL
TYPE
with TERRACE
with DRIVE-THROUGH
with STOREFRONT
BUILDING TYPE
with TERRACE
FLEX
with FORECOURT
with DOORYARD
with STOREFRONT
COTTAGE
BUILDING
RETAIL
with DOORYARD
with STOOP
with STOREFRONT
LIVE / WORK
BUILDING
with DOORYARD Conditional* 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
TYPE
with LIGHTWELL
with STOOP Conditional* 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 35’ max. Lot Depth: 80’ min.
with FORECOURT
BUILDING TYPE BUILDING TYPE
MULTI-PLEX
with DOORYARD
LARGE
with STOOP
with PROJECTING PORCH
MULTI-PLEX
with STOOP 4 unit max. By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
SMALL
with PROJECTING PORCH 4 unit max. By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with ENGAGED PORCH 4 unit max. By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 50’ min. / 80’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
ROWHOUSE
with LIGHTWELL
BUILDING
TYPE
with STOOP By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 18’ min. / 30’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with STOOP By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 40’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING
DUPLEX
TYPE
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 40’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right 2 story building required Lot Width: 40’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
BUILDING TYPE
DETACHED
with STOOP By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 30’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
HOUSE
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 30’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right 2 story max. / 1 story min. Lot Width: 30’ min. / 60’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
Not Applicable - Carriage House Building Type must be used as an
CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE By Right 2 story building required accessory building to another building type (refer to Section 2006)
CIVIC BUILDING TYPE By Right 3 story max. / 2 story min. Lot Width: 25’ min. / 150’ max. Lot Depth: 100’ min.
Shaded areas represent Building Types and / or frontages that are not permitted in specified Context Area.
* Refer to the Building Type with specific frontage option in Section 2006 for buildings and frontages labeled as Conditional.
5.38 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.10 URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR) CONTEXT AREA
4.0 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.12 for building site placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.12 BUILDING SITE PLACEMENT
A. Front Build-to-Zone (at front street):
■■ Required build-to-zone from 12 to 30 feet
C B
from front property line.
REAR PROPERTY
■■ Live / Work Building Types in this Context LINE
Area shall have a required build-to-zone D
from 5 to 20 feet from front property line.
B. Side Build-to-Zone (at side street):
■■ Required build-to-zone from 10 to 25 feet
from side property line.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
■■ Live / Work Building Types in this Context
Area shall have a required build-to-zone BUILDING E
from 5 to 20 feet from side property line. FOOTPRINT
SIDE STREET
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
C. Side Setback (at non-street locations):
■■ 6 feet from side property line.
D. Rear Setback:
■■ 15 feet from rear property line. FRONT PROPERTY
LINE
E. Encroachments: Balconies, awnings, canopies,
eaves, cornices, and bay windows, may project FRONT STREET
into required setbacks, beyond required build-
to-zones, or into the public right-of-way as A
indicated in Section 2003.02.
5.0 PARKING PLACEMENT
Refer to Illustration 5.13 for on-site parking placement. ILLUSTRATION 5.13 PARKING PLACEMENT
A. Front Setback:
■■ 40 feet minimum from front property line.
C D
B. Side Setback (from side street): REAR PROPERTY
■■ 10 feet minimum from side property line. LINE
C. Side Setback (from non-street locations): E
■■ 1 foot from side property line.
F
D. Rear Setback: ON-SITE PARKING
■■ 5 feet from rear property line at non-street PERMITTED IN
HATCHED AREA
locations.
B
■■ 10 feet from rear property line at street
locations.
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
E H
E. Parking located at side or rear street locations
shall be screened from the street as required by
Section 2008.14.
SIDE PROPERTY
SIDE STREET
A
LINE
F. Parking / service areas shall not be accessed
from front streets, unless an alley or side street FRONT PROPERTY
is not available for driveway placement. LINE
Maximum width of driveway is 20 feet.
FRONT STREET
G. Driveway access location: F
■■ Corner lot: 40 feet minimum from street
corner.
■■ Interior lot: within 5 feet of side property
line, when alley is not available.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.39
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
2005.10 URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES
URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Accessory buildings and uses P P P P P P
Amusement and recreation facility
Auto service station
Bank
Business school/private or public school/higher ed.
Church
Club, lodge, hall
Gallery/museum P P
Home Business P P P P P P
Hotel/motel
Indoor theater/live music concert hall
Light manufacturing
Machine shop
Micro brewery, distillery, winery under 2500 barrels
Micro brewery, distillery, winery over 2500 barrels
Multi-family P
Non-profit Supportive Housing S* S* S* S*
Office P
Outdoor recreation
Outdoor theater
Parking structure
Personal service P
Railway terminal
Research and development
Restaurant, cocktail lounge, brewpub
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
S* = Special Land Use on Peck Street and Sanford Street only
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
5.40 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2005 CONTEXT AREAS AND USE
2005.10 URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR) CONTEXT AREA
6.0 PERMITTED USES (continued)
URBAN RESIDENTIAL (UR) CONTEXT AREA PERMITTED USES
DETACHED HOUSE
CARRIAGE HOUSE
LARGE MULTI-PLEX
SMALL MULTI-PLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
BUILDING TYPE
LIVE / WORK
ROWHOUSE
MIXED USE
Specific Use
DUPLEX
RETAIL
CIVIC
FLEX
Retail P
Shipping, port related activity
Shared/Co-op housing P
Single-family residential P P P P*
Taxi/limo service P
Two-family residential P P
Uses similar to permitted uses P P P P P P
Uses similar to special uses P P P P P P
Veterinary and kennel
Warehousing
Wind turbine
P = Permitted Use
P* = Permitted Use on floors two and above
P# = Permitted Use on first floor only
S = Special Land Use (refer to Section 2002.02)
S* = Special Land Use on Peck Street and Sanford Street only
Active uses per the Context Area Map (2005.02) include retail, restaurant/cocktail lounge/brewpub, personal service, and micro brewery/distillery/winery.
Blank cell = Use not permitted in this Context Area
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in this Context Area.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 5.41
CONTEXT AREAS AND USE SECTION 2005
This page left intentionally blank
5.42 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.00 PURPOSE
Section 2006 identifies particular Building Types that are
permitted within various Context Areas and provides
design standards for each type to ensure that proposed
development is consistent with the City of Muskegon
Master Plans’ vision and goals for downtown character
and building form.
2006.01 APPLICABILITY
Each proposed building shall be designed in compliance
with the standards of this Section for the applicable
Building Type.
2006.02 BUILDING TYPES BY CONTEXT AREA
Property may be developed only with the Building Types
permitted by this Section in the Context Area applicable
to each lot.
A. Refer to Building Type Overview (subsection
2006.06) in this Section to determine the specific
Building Types that are permitted in each of the
Context Areas.
2006.03 CONTENTS OF THIS SECTION
The following Building Types are specified in this Section:
A. Mixed-Use Building Type
B. Retail Building Type
C. Flex Building Type
D. Cottage Retail Building Type
E. Live / Work Building Type
F. Large Multi-plex Building Type
G. Small Multi-plex Building Type
H. Rowhouse Building Type
I. Duplex Building Type
J. Detached House Building Type
K. Carriage House Building Type
L. Civic Building Type
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.1
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.04 HOW TO USE THIS SECTION FINAL
SECTION 2006 DRAFT BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
Refer to sample pages on this sheet for references of 2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
how to use each Building Type Standard. These pages 1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE is a medium- to large-sized typically attached structure. It is intended to provide a vertical
are representative of the layout for each Building Type mix of uses with ground floor retail or service uses and upper floor service or residential uses. This Type makes up the primary
component of a main street and downtown, and is a Building Type that can provide street vibrancy and enhanced
contained in this Section.
walkability.
A. Building Type Description: This subsection serves A
as an introduction to the Building Type, including
pictorial references of emblematic examples
and a general Building Type description.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Mixed-Use Building Type. They are intended as examples only
B. Precedent of Building Type: This subsection and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based Code
area.
provides precedent examples of the building
type in context. Whenever possible, local
examples are included in this reference.
Precedent Building Types are included as
examples and inspiration to give a better
understanding of the intent of the Building Type.
IMAGE 6.01 MUSKEGON MIXED USE BUILDING ON 3RD STREET
WITH STOREFRONT FRONTAGE AND ANGLED BUILDING CORNER B
C. Building Size and Massing: This subsection
provides the requirements for building width at
front and side streets, percentage of building
wall at property line, building depth, and
maximum site coverage. These requirements IMAGE 6.03 MUSKEGON MIXED USE BUILDING ON WEST CLAY
are conveyed in illustration and text for
IMAGE 6.02 MIXED USE BUILDING WITH BALCONY FRONTAGE AVENUE WITH TERRACE FRONTAGE
convenience. The intent of this subsection is to CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE FINAL DRAFT 6.9
maintain character and enclosure along the
Public Realm while ensuring that the building’s
size and mass is appropriate to the context. FINAL
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS DRAFT SECTION 2006
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
D. Ground Floor Activation and Access: This
Refer to Illustration 6.01 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.01 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 150 feet maximum
subsection provides the quantity and minimum B. Building width at front street shall be built to a
minimum of 90% of the overall width of the front
ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
D
intervals (spacing) for building entrances.
street property line. PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C. Building width at side street: 100 feet maximum
These requirements are conveyed in illustration D. Building depth: 20 feet minimum
and text for convenience. The intent of this C C
SIDE STREET
E. Maximum site coverage: 100%
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
subsection is to ensure that the building and D A A
its entrances create an active and visible B
presence on the street and sidewalk by
FRONT STREET
providing front and side doors for access.
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.02 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.02 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION & ACCESS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) are required at
E. Number of Units: This subsection provides the the front street and shall be directly accessed
from and face the front street.
minimum and/or maximum number of units B. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) shall occur at
intervals of not greater than 75 feet along the
front street.
that the Building Type may accommodate.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
D
C. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) at the side
D
street (if provided) shall be directly accessed
from and face the side street.
SIDE STREET
D. Upper floor units shall be accessed by a C
common entry along the front or side street.
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
F. Use: Uses are regulated by the Context Area
E. Optional angled building corner with required E
entry door. Maximum length of angled wall
shall be 8 feet. A B A D
in Section 2005. This subsection is a reminder FRONT STREET
that use requirements are referenced in that
section. 5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Required total of 2 units minimum (1 unit at A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
street level and 1 unit on upper level). Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
E Area.
F
6.10 FINAL DRAFT DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
6.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
FINAL G. Facade Composition Requirements: This
SECTION 2006 DRAFT BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE subsection indicates the required façade
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS composition specifications for Building
ILLUSTRATION 6.03 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.03 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building shall have a flat roof with parapet. Type, including upper floor(s) transparency,
A B. Building shall have a cornice expression line at
roofline. proportion, window orientation, vertical
articulation, and roof type.
G
B
C. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of the
E façade be windows between the finish floor
C line of the second story and bottom of cornice
expression line.
D. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
to Building Frontage options for transparency
H. Building Type Story Height: This subsection
D F requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
E. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
indicates the required minimum dimensions
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
for each floor of the specific Building Type,
F. Building shall have an 18” to 32” pilaster or
wall surface every 20 to 40 feet along building
facades facing streets. Pilasters shall extend
vertically from grade to cornice expression line.
measured from floor to ceiling. The actual
number of stories for buildings is regulated by
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.04 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.04 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 14 feet minimum.
Context Area (Section 2005).
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
H
D C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
B
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
D. Height of parapet wall shall be between 12”
minimum and 4 feet maximum, measured from
A roof line.
I. Building Type Frontage Options: Each Building
Type has specific frontage options that may
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
be chosen as part of the overall composition
The Mixed-Use Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 5 frontage configurations applied to the ground level
floor where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way. and street frontage of the building. Frontages
Frontage options for the Mixed-Use Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following pages
of this sub-section. are applied to the ground level of the Building
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE
FRONTAGE OPTION DT MS MSW NC
MAINSTREET
NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN Type where it abuts a front and side street, civic
MIXED-USE
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
space, or public right-of-way. One frontage is
BUILDING TYPE
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with BALCONY By Right By Right
I By Right By Right By Right
with TERRACE By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right required to be used for each building that is
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right By Right
constructed (in instances of the Flex and Live/
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
Work Building Types, multiple frontages may be
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE FINAL DRAFT 6.11 chosen for one building). Frontages provide
guidelines for transparency, architecture,
and composition that enable the building
to engage and define the Public Realm. The
table in this section illustrates what frontages
are appropriate for each Building Type within
each Context Area.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.3
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
The following two pages are examples of frontage pages FINAL
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS DRAFT SECTION 2006
for the Storefront Frontage, one of ten different frontage 2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
options that are available for the various Building Types. 9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
DESCRIPTION
The Storefront Frontage Type is applied to the ground level
floor of a Building Type along the front and side streets. It
These pages will immediately follow each of the Building is typically associated with retail and mixed use buildings.
The storefront shall be designed in a way that promotes
an attractive and convenient shopping experience and
Type pages that have been described above and provide a transparent wall along the sidewalk. Storefronts are at
grade with the sidewalk and are sometimes shaded by J
the applicable frontage choices for that Building Type. awnings.
IMAGE 6.04 MIXED-USE BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT
J. Frontage Description: This paragraph describes STOREFRONT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.05 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.05 for frontage location graphic
the intent of the frontage and provides an reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed at a build-to-line as required by the
image of a precedent example of the frontage,
PROPERTY LINE
building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
applied to the Building Type that it is associated
LINE OF CURB
B. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the A
with. This image will change throughout
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
BUILDING
Section 2006, depending on the Building Type
FOOTPRINT
subsection that the frontage is described in. LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
PLAN VIEW
K. Frontage Location Requirements: This subsection
provides requirements of the frontage location
relative the build-to-line, build-to-zone, or K PROPERTY LINE
setback. These site placement requirements A
are defined in Section 2005, Context Areas. LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
This subsection also provides the requirements B
for landscaping or paving of the ground area
adjacent to the frontage.
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
L. Frontage Composition Requirements: This
subsection provides the requirements for 6.12 FINAL DRAFT DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
the composition of the frontage, including
transparency, proportion, scale, vertical
articulation, entry and details. FINAL
SECTION 2006 DRAFT BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.06 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOREFRONT COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.06 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
K
entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
F feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
the building. The angled wall (the wall that
B connects the storefront to the door) in the
H recess area shall match the main storefront
C window.
G
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk
ADJACENT E grade.
GRADE
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
I F. Required 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
A shall extend the entire width of the storefront
L but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
high minimum, measured from the adjacent
BUILDING INTERIOR grade.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
D 60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
the top of the storefront base and bottom of
PLAN DIAGRAM J sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
L. The storefront frontage may have an angled
corner entry as permitted by the specific
Building Type. The angled corner entry shall
meet the transparency requirements of the
storefront frontage and have an entry door.
M M M. Storefront windows may be replaced with
overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
IMAGE 6.05 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS
Image 6.05.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE FINAL DRAFT 6.13
6.4 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.05 STANDARDS FOR ALL BUILDING TYPES
The following standards apply to all Building Types: G. Building Height: Buildings shall comply with
A. Front Street Building Wall: Front street facades the overall maximum height regulations
of buildings represent the building front and are (as measured in number of stories) that are
located at the public right-of-way lines along established by Context Area. Each Building
the street, public path or civic space of address Type as story height (measured in feet and
for the building. inches) requirements.
B. Side Street Building Wall: Side street walls of H. Side Yard Walls: Each building shall
buildings represent the building sides that are have separate walls to support all loads
located at the public right-of-way lines along all independently of any walls located on an
streets, public paths or civic spaces that are not adjacent lot. Buildings with side-facing
the street of address for the building. The side windows shall provide necessary light and air
street build-to-line, build-to-zone, or setback for shafts within their own lot, without relying on the
side streets shall apply to all situations where side yard of the adjacent lot.
side streets , public paths, or civic spaces occur
at more than one side of a building (due to a I. Parking Requirements and Standards: Parking
parcel that is bound on more than two sides by requirements for each Building Type are based
right-of-way lines). on use and Context Area. Refer to Section 2008
for parking requirements and standards.
C. Front Street Transparency Requirements
at First Story: Each Building Type’s first story J. Sign Standards: Sign sizes and quantities for
transparency at the front street is per the each Building Type are based on Context Area.
frontage requirements for that Building Type. Refer to Section 2009 for Sign Standards.
Side Street walls are required to have one (1) of
the following standards:
1. Transparency that is the same as what
is required by the upper stories for the
Building Type.
2. Transparency that is the same as the
frontage that has been applied to the
front street.
D. Percentage of Building Width at Street: Each
Building Type indicates a building width
percentage requirement along the front
street. This percentage is the amount of a lot
line adjoining the public right-of-way that is
occupied by the front façade of the principal
building. The front façade shall be parallel to
the right-of-way, located in accordance with
the required build-to-lines, build-to-zones, or
setbacks.
E. Frontages: Frontages define architecture and
design components for the entrance(s) to the
building and the area between the façade and
the front and / or side street. Each Building Type
identifies the appropriate frontage choices.
The use of one of the frontages identified for
the Building Type is required.
F. Maximum Site Coverage: The maximum site
coverage applies to all buildings on a lot,
including accessory buildings.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.5
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.06 BUILDING TYPE OVERVIEW
Building Types for the Muskegon Form Based Code are summarized as follows:
MIXED USE BUILDING TYPE
FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
This Building Type is a medium- to large-sized
typically attached structure. It is intended to
STOREFRONT DT MS
provide a vertical mix of uses with ground floor DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
retail or service uses and upper floor service or BALCONY
residential uses. This Type makes up the primary TERRACE MSW NC
component of a main street and downtown,
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
FORECOURT
WATERFRONT CORE
and is a Building Type that can provide street
vibrancy and enhanced walkability. NE UR
DRIVE-THROUGH NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
This Building Type is a medium- to large-sized
typically attached structure. It is intended to
STOREFRONT DT MS
provide a single story building with ground DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
floor retail or service uses. This Type makes up TERRACE
the secondary component of a main street DRIVE-THROUGH MSW NC
and is a Building Type that can provide street
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
vibrancy and enhanced walkability.
NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
FLEX BUILDING TYPE
FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
This Building Type is a medium- to large-sized
attached or detached structure, typically built
STOREFRONT DT MS
on a large lot. It can be used to provide a DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
vertical mix of uses with ground floor industrial, TERRACE
service, retail, or residential uses; or it may be FORECOURT MSW NC
a single-use building. This Type is a primary
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
DOORYARD
WATERFRONT CORE
component in a variety of urban context areas
that provide a mix of Building Types. NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
This Building Type is a small- to medium-sized
detached structure. It is intended to provide
STOREFRONT DT MS
retail or service uses at the ground floor. This DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
Type will typically have a residential mass, scale, DOORYARD
and composition that allows it to integrate into STOOP MSW NC
adjacent residential areas.
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
This Building Type is a small- to medium-sized FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
attached structure that consists of one dwelling
unit above and/or behind a flexible ground STOREFRONT DT MS
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
floor space that can be used for residential, DOORYARD
service, or retail uses. Both the ground floor MSW NC
space and the dwelling unit are owned by one LIGHTWELL MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
entity. This Type is especially appropriate for STOOP
WATERFRONT CORE
incubating retail and service uses and allowing
NE UR
neighborhood retail to expand as the market NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
demands. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
This Building Type is a medium- to large-sized
structure that consists of 7 or more side-by-side
FORECOURT DT MS
and / or stacked dwelling units, typically with DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
one shared entry. This Type is appropriately DOORYARD
scaled to fit in medium-density neighborhoods STOOP MSW NC
and enables well-designed higher densities.
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
PROJECTING PORCH
WATERFRONT CORE
It is an essential Building Type for providing a
broad choice of housing types and promoting NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
walkability. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
Context Areas represented in black indicate that building is not allowed in that Context Area.
6.6 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.06 BUILDING TYPE OVERVIEW (continued)
Building Types for the Muskegon Form Based Code are summarized as follows:
SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
This Building Type is a medium-sized structure FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
that consists of 3 to 6 side-by-side and / or
stacked dwelling units, typically with one shared STOOP DT MS
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
entry or individual entries along the front. This PROJECTING PORCH
Type has the appearance of a large single- MSW NC
family house and is appropriately scaled to fit in ENGAGED PORCH MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
single family neighborhoods. This Type enables WATERFRONT CORE
well-designed higher densities. It is an essential
NE UR
Building Type for providing a broad choice of NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
housing types and promoting walkability. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
This Building Type is a small- to medium-sized FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
attached structure that consists of 2 to 8
rowhouses placed side-by-side. This Type LIGHTWELL DT MS
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
is typically located within medium-density STOOP
neighborhoods or in a location that transitions MSW NC
from single-family to mixed-use. This Type PROJECTING PORCH MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
enables well-designed higher densities. It WATERFRONT CORE
is an essential Building Type for providing a
NE UR
broad choice of housing types and promoting NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
walkability. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
This Building Type is a small- to medium-sized FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
detached structure that consists of two side-by-
side or stacked dwelling units, both facing the STOOP DT MS
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
street and within a single building massing. This PROJECTING PORCH
Type has the appearance of a medium-sized MSW
ENGAGED PORCH NC
single-family house and is appropriately scaled MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
to fit in single family neighborhoods. This Type WATERFRONT CORE
enables well-designed higher densities. It is an
essential Building Type for providing a broad NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
choice of housing types. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
This Building Type is a small- to medium-sized
detached structure that incorporates one
STOOP DT MS
dwelling unit. It is typically located within DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
a primarily single-family neighborhood in a PROJECTING PORCH
walkable urban setting. This Type enables well- ENGAGED PORCH MSW NC
designed higher densities. It is an essential
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
Building Type for providing a broad choice of
housing types. NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
This Building Type is an accessory structure FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
typically located at the rear of a lot. It typically
provides either a small residential unit or home Not applicable to DT MS
this Building Type
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
office space above the first floor garage. This
Type is important for providing affordable MSW NC
housing choices that are integrated into MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
diverse neighborhoods. This Type shall only be WATERFRONT CORE
used in conjunction with the Detached House,
NE UR
Duplex, Rowhouse, or Live/Work Building Types. NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
CIVIC BUILDING TYPE
FRONTAGE OPTIONS CONTEXT AREAS
This Building Type is a small-, medium- or large-
sized detached structure that incorporates uses
Not applicable to DT MS
of special public importance including, but
this Building Type DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
not limited to municipal buildings, churches,
libraries and schools. Civic Buildings typically MSW NC
have less form regulations than other Building
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
Types because their prominence within the
community requires more iconic and distinctive NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
form. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
Context Areas represented in black indicate that building is not allowed in that Context Area.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.7
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.07 SUMMARY OF BUILDING TYPES PERMITTED IN EACH CONTEXT AREA
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE
MSW NC NE UR
WITH FRONTAGE OPTION DT
DOWNTOWN
MS
MAINSTREET MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with BALCONY By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
MIXED-USE
BUILDING
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional Conditional Conditional Conditional Conditional
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right By Right
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right
BUILDING
RETAIL
TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional Conditional Conditional Conditional
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right By Right
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right
BUILDING TYPE
with TERRACE Conditional Conditional Conditional Conditional
FLEX
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right By Right
with DOORYARD By Right By Right By Right By Right
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right
COTTAGE
BUILDING
RETAIL
with DOORYARD By Right By Right
with STOOP By Right By Right
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right
LIVE / WORK
At corner lots
BUILDING
with DOORYARD By Right By Right By Right By Right only
TYPE
with LIGHTWELL By Right By Right By Right By Right
At corner lots
with STOOP By Right By Right By Right By Right only
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right
BUILDING TYPE BUILDING TYPE
MULTI-PLEX
with DOORYARD By Right By Right By Right
LARGE
with STOOP By Right
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right
MULTI-PLEX
with STOOP By Right By Right By Right
SMALL
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right By Right
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right By Right By Right
ROWHOUSE
with LIGHTWELL By Right By Right By Right
BUILDING
TYPE
with STOOP By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right By Right
with STOOP By Right By Right
BUILDING
DUPLEX
TYPE
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right By Right
BUILDING TYPE
DETACHED
with STOOP By Right By Right
HOUSE
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right By Right
CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE By Right By Right
CIVIC BUILDING TYPE By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Building Types that are not permitted in specified Context Area.
6.8 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE is a medium- to large-sized typically attached structure. It is intended to provide a vertical
mix of uses with ground floor retail or service uses and upper floor service or residential uses. This Type makes up the primary
component of a main street and downtown, and is a Building Type that can provide street vibrancy and enhanced
walkability.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Mixed-Use Building Type. They are intended as examples only
and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based Code
area.
IMAGE 6.01 MUSKEGON MIXED USE BUILDING ON 3RD STREET
WITH STOREFRONT FRONTAGE AND ANGLED BUILDING CORNER
IMAGE 6.03 MUSKEGON MIXED USE BUILDING ON WEST CLAY
IMAGE 6.02 MIXED USE BUILDING WITH BALCONY FRONTAGE AVENUE WITH TERRACE FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.9
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.01 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.01 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 150 feet maximum
B. Building width at front street shall be built to a D
ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
minimum of 90% of the overall width of the front
street property line.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C. Building width at side street: 100 feet maximum
D. Building depth: 20 feet minimum
C
SIDE STREET
E. Maximum site coverage: 100%
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
D A A
B
FRONT STREET
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.02 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.02 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION & ACCESS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) are required at
the front street and shall be directly accessed
from and face the front street.
B. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) shall occur at
intervals of not greater than 75 feet along the
front street.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
D
C. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) at the side
street (if provided) shall be directly accessed
from and face the side street.
SIDE STREET
D. Upper floor units shall be accessed by a C
common entry along the front or side street.
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
E. Optional angled building corner with required E
entry door. Maximum length of angled wall
shall be 8 feet. A B A D
FRONT STREET
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Required total of 2 units minimum (1 unit at A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
street level and 1 unit on upper level). Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
Area.
6.10 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.03 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.03 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building shall have a flat roof with parapet.
A B. Building shall have a cornice expression line at
roofline.
B
C. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of the
E façade be windows between the finish floor
C line of the second story and bottom of cornice
expression line.
D. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
to Building Frontage options for transparency
D F requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
E. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
F. Building shall have an 18” to 32” pilaster or
wall surface every 20 to 40 feet along building
facades facing streets. Pilasters shall extend
vertically from grade to cornice expression line.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.04 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.04 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 14 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
D C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
B
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
D. Height of parapet wall shall be between 12”
minimum and 4 feet maximum, measured from
A roof line.
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Mixed-Use Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 5 frontage configurations applied to the ground level
floor where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Frontage options for the Mixed-Use Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following pages
of this sub-section.
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE MSW NC NE UR
FRONTAGE OPTION DT MS MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
MIXED-USE
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
BUILDING TYPE
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with BALCONY By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with TERRACE By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.11
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
DESCRIPTION
The Storefront Frontage Type is applied to the ground level
floor of a Building Type along the front and side streets. It
is typically associated with retail and mixed use buildings.
The storefront shall be designed in a way that promotes
an attractive and convenient shopping experience and
a transparent wall along the sidewalk. Storefronts are at
grade with the sidewalk and are sometimes shaded by
awnings.
IMAGE 6.04 MIXED-USE BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT
STOREFRONT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.05 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.05 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed at a build-to-line as required by the PROPERTY LINE
building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the A
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
PLAN VIEW
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
B
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
6.12 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.06 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOREFRONT COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.06 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
K
entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
F feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
the building. The angled wall (the wall that
B connects the storefront to the door) in the
H recess area shall match the main storefront
C window.
G
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk
ADJACENT E grade.
GRADE
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
I F. Required 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
A shall extend the entire width of the storefront
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
high minimum, measured from the adjacent
BUILDING INTERIOR grade.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
D 60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
the top of the storefront base and bottom of
PLAN DIAGRAM J sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
L. The storefront frontage may have an angled
corner entry as permitted by the specific
Building Type. The angled corner entry shall
meet the transparency requirements of the
storefront frontage and have an entry door.
M M M. Storefront windows may be replaced with
overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
IMAGE 6.05 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS
Image 6.05.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.13
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: BALCONY
DESCRIPTION
The Balcony Frontage Type contains a recessed balcony
that is applied to the upper level floor of a Building Type
along the front street and a storefront that is applied to
the ground level floor of a Building Type along the front
and side streets. It is always associated with mixed use
buildings. The balcony-storefront frontage shall be
designed to include an open-air space that is recessed
into the building mass on the upper level(s) and a
storefront that is designed to promote an attractive,
convenient shopping experience and transparent wall
along the sidewalk.
IMAGE 6.06 MIXED-USE BUILDING WITH BALCONY-STOREFRONT
BALCONY LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.07 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.07 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed at a build-to-line as required by the PROPERTY LINE
building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. Required upper story balcony shall be located
within the mass of the building. A
C. Face of balcony shall align with facade of the
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
building. BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
D. Storefront is required at the ground level floor.
E. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper LINE OF BUILDING
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the FACADE
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
PLAN VIEW
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
B C
E
D
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
6.14 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: BALCONY
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.08 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS BALCONY COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.08 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
N pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
L entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
K
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
M minimum transparency.
O
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
FINISH FLOOR LINE
feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
SECOND FLOOR
F
the building. The angled wall (the wall that
connects the storefront to the door) in the
B
recess area shall match the main storefront
window.
H
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk
C
G grade.
ADJACENT E
F. Required 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
GRADE
expression line above storefront window or
I transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
ELEVATION DIAGRAM shall extend the entire width of the storefront
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
A
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
high minimum, measured from the adjacent
grade.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
BUILDING INTERIOR the top of the storefront base and bottom of
sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
D the required transparency calculation.
PLAN DIAGRAM J I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
L. Required recessed open-air balcony located
within the mass of the building.
M. Required balcony columns spaced to match
pilaster or wall surface of building (item J.
above).
N. Building roof and / or parapet wall at balcony
shall extend over balcony and align with
building facade.
O. Required guardrail or knee wall shall align with
P P building facade.
P. Storefront windows may be replaced with
overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
IMAGE 6.07 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS Image 6.07.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.15
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: TERRACE
DESCRIPTION
In a Terrace Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front street is set back from the right-of-way
line to accommodate an elevated terrace. The terrace
provides circulation along the facade. This Frontage
Type can be used to provide at-grade access while
accommodating a grade change. Frequent steps up
to the terrace are necessary to avoid dead walls and
maximize access. This frontage may also be used in
historic industrial areas to mimic historic loading docks.
IMAGE 6.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING WITH TERRACE
TERRACE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.09 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.09 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The terrace frontage is required to be placed
at a build-to-line as required by the building site PROPERTY LINE
placement requirements in the Context Area
section. Refer to Section 2005. LINE OF CURB
B. Building facades with the terrace frontage are
exempt from the requirement of being placed A
at the build-to-line at the front property line.
FRONT
STREET
The leading edge of the terrace is required to
BUILDING
be placed at the build-to-line, or as close as FOOTPRINT
possible to the build-to-line in instances where B
conditions required in item E. on this page
cannot be met with the terrace at build-to-line.
G
C. Terrace frontages are not permitted on side
streets.
PLAN VIEW
D. Terrace frontages shall not be permitted on
BUILDING FACADE
more than 50% of the buildings on one block E
face.
LINE OF
E. Terrace placement shall provide a minimum
of 10 feet for sidewalk, pedestrian access, and
sidewalk furnishing zone between terrace edge
and line of curb. Clear pedestrian access shall PROPERTY LINE
be maintained at 5 feet minimum.
A
F. Low walls of the terrace that are designed for
seating are encouraged. LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
G. Steps to access terrace shall occur at intervals of
B
not greater than 50 feet. Steps may extend into TERRACE
the public right-of-way when the requirements
of item E. are met. F
K
H. Terrace depth shall be 5 feet minimum. I
I. Terrace finish level above sidewalk shall be 42
inches maximum. LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
J. Maximum length of terrace shall be 150 feet.
K. Storefront is required at the ground level floor.
H
6.16 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3:
9.03 2: TERRACE
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.10 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS TERRACE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.10 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
K
entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
F feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
the building. The angled wall (the wall that
B connects the storefront to the door) in the
H recess area shall match the main storefront
C window.
G
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent terrace
ADJACENT E grade.
TERRACE GRADE
I F. Required 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
ELEVATION DIAGRAM expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
shall extend the entire width of the storefront
A but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
high minimum, measured from the adjacent
BUILDING INTERIOR grade of terrace.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
D 60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
the top of the storefront base and bottom of
PLAN DIAGRAM J sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
L. Storefront windows may be replaced with
overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
Image 6.09.
L L M. Conditionally Permitting of Frontage: Terrace
Frontage is permitted to be used on this Building
Type only when adjacent sidewalk and Public
Realm conditions present slopes that prevent
IMAGE 6.09 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS
consistent at-grade access.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.17
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
9.04 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 4: FORECOURT
DESCRIPTION
In a Forecourt Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front street is at or near the right-of-way line
and a small percentage of the facade is set back, creating
a small courtyard space. In a storefront forecourt the
courtyard space shall be used as an additional shopping
space or restaurant seating area. The courtyard area is
not covered.
IMAGE 6.10 MIXED-USE BUILDING WITH FORECOURT
FORECOURT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.11 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.11 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. A minimum of 30% of the building facade of the
forecourt frontage is required to be placed at
PROPERTY LINE
a build-to-line as required by the building site
placement requirements in the Context Area
section. Refer to Section 2005. LINE OF CURB
BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
B. Required courtyard shall have a width that is A
twelve (12) feet minimum.
SIDE STREET
C. Required courtyard shall have a depth of
FRONT OR
twelve (12) feet minimum. B
D. Courtyard area shall be paved. Landscape D
islands may be used within the space, but may
not cover more than 40% of the courtyard’s A
ground area (refer to image 6.10 on this page).
LINE OF BUILDING
E. Storefront is required at the ground level floor on PLAN VIEW
FACADE
all sides of courtyard and on building facades
facing streets, civic space, and rights-of-way.
C
F. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
COURTYARD AREA
E
D
SECTION LINE OF CURB
VIEW
C
6.18 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 4:
9.04 2: FORECOURT
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.12 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS FORECOURT COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.12 for frontage composition graphic
reference for building walls that face the courtyard and
building walls that face the front and side streets.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
K
B. Optional transom window may extend over
entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
F D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
B the building. The angled wall (the wall that
H connects the storefront to the door) in the
C recess area shall match the main storefront
G window.
ADJACENT E E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk
GRADE grade.
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
I
F. Required 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or
A transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
shall extend the entire width of the storefront
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
BUILDING INTERIOR high minimum, measured from the adjacent
grade.
D H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
PLAN DIAGRAM J the top of the storefront base and bottom of
sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
L. Storefront windows may be replaced with
overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
Image 6.11.
L L
IMAGE 6.11 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.19
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
9.05 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 5: DRIVE-THROUGH
DESCRIPTION
The Drive-through Frontage is identical to the Storefront
Frontage, however it includes an automobile drive-
through at the rear or non-street facing sides. The drive-
through may include a covered structure at the service
window location. This structure is designed to be a
secondary element to the building and is consistent
with the massing, scale, and design of the building. This
frontage is typically associated with retail and mixed-
use buildings and includes a storefront that is designed
in a way that promotes an attractive and convenient
shopping experience.
IMAGE 6.12 MIXED-USE BUILDING WITH DRIVE-THROUGH
DRIVE-THROUGH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.13 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.13 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80) percent
of the overall length of the first story and shall be
interrupted by the required pilasters referenced in
item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over entry
recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent K
minimum transparency.
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of the
FINISH FLOOR LINE
building. The angled wall (the wall that connects SECOND FLOOR
the storefront to the door) in the recess area shall F
match the main storefront window.
B
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk
grade. H
G C
F. Required 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line ADJACENT E
shall extend the entire width of the storefront GRADE
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters I
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet high
minimum, measured from the adjacent grade. A
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have 60%
to 80% of the façade be windows between the
top of the storefront base and bottom of sign
band (or horizontal expression line). Entry door
transparency shall be included as part of the
required transparency calculation. BUILDING INTERIOR
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
D
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster J
PLAN DIAGRAM
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by the
sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building Type
for transparency requirements of upper stories.
L. The storefront frontage may have an angled
corner entry as permitted by the specific Building
Type. The angled corner entry shall meet the
transparency requirements of the storefront
frontage and have an entry door.
6.20 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.08 MIXED-USE BUILDING TYPE
9.05 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 5: DRIVE-THROUGH
ILLUSTRATION 6.13 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS DRIVE-THROUGH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.13 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
PROPERTY LINE
placed at a build-to-line as required by the
building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
A
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
C. Rear Drive-Through Zone: Drive-through
F locations at the rear of the building shall be
placed within a rear drive-through zone that is
LINE OF BUILDING
located as follows:
FACADE 1. 0 to 45 feet, measured from rear building
wall.
PLAN VIEW
2. 15 feet minimum, measured from building
walls that face side streets.
D. Side Drive-Through Zone: Drive-through
locations at the non-street facing sides of the
building shall be placed within a rear drive-
through zone that is located as follows:
PROPERTY LINE
1. 0 to 45 feet, measured from side building
wall.
2. 15 feet minimum, measured from building
A walls that face front streets.
E. Drive-through locations shall comply with rear
LINE OF BUILDING and side setbacks of the Context Area that the
FACADE lot is in. Refer to Section 2005.
B F. Storefront is required at the ground level floor
F at building facades facing streets, civic space,
and rights-of-way.
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
C.2
REAR PROPERTY LINE
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
C C.1
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
D
BUILDING
SIDE STREET
FOOTPRINT
D.2
FRONT PROPERTY LINE
FRONT STREET
D.1
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.21
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.22 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.09 RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
This RETAIL BUILDING TYPE is a medium- to large-sized typically attached structure. It is intended to provide a single story
building with ground floor retail or service uses. This Type makes up the secondary component of a main street and is a
Building Type that can provide street vibrancy and enhanced walkability.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Building Type. They are intended as examples only and
should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based Code area.
IMAGE 6.13 MUSKEGON RETAIL BUILDING ON WESTERN AVENUE IMAGE 6.14 MUSKEGON RETAIL BUILDING ON PINE STREET WITH
WITH STOREFRONT FRONTAGE STOREFRONT FRONTAGE
IMAGE 6.15 MUSKEGON RETAIL BUILDING ON 3RD STREET WITH
STOREFRONT FRONTAGE IMAGE 6.16 RETAIL BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.23
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.09 RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.14 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.14 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 150 feet maximum
B. Building width at front street shall be built to a D
ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
minimum of 90% of the overall width of the front
street property line.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C. Building width at side street: 100 feet maximum
D. Building depth: 20 feet minimum
C
SIDE STREET
E. Maximum site coverage: 100%
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
D A A
B
FRONT STREET
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.15 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.15 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION & ACCESS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) are required at
the front street and shall be directly accessed
from and face the front street.
B. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) shall occur at
intervals of not greater than 75 feet along the
front street.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
D
C. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) at the side
street (if provided) shall be directly accessed
from and face the side street.
SIDE STREET
D. Optional angled building corner with required C
entry door. Maximum length of angled wall
shall be 8 feet. BUILDING FOOTPRINT
D
A B A
FRONT STREET
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Required total of 1 unit minimum (1 unit at street A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
level). Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
Area.
6.24 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.09 RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.16 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.16 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building shall have a flat roof with parapet.
B. Building shall have a cornice expression line at
roofline.
A
C. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
to Building Frontage options for transparency
B requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
D. Building shall have an 18” to 32” pilaster or
wall surface every 20 to 40 feet along building
facades facing streets. Pilasters shall extend
vertically from grade to cornice expression line.
C D
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.17 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.17 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 14 feet minimum.
B. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C C. Height of parapet wall shall be between 12”
B minimum and 4 feet maximum, measured from
A roof line.
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Retail Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 3 frontage configurations applied to the ground level floor
where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Frontage options for the Retail Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following pages of
this sub-section.
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE MSW NC NE UR
FRONTAGE OPTION
BUILDING TYPE
DT MS
RETAIL
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right
with TERRACE By Right By Right By Right By Right
with DRIVE-THROUGH By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.25
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.09 RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
DESCRIPTION
The Storefront Frontage Type is applied to the ground level
floor of a Building Type along the front and side streets. It
is typically associated with retail and mixed use buildings.
The storefront shall be designed in a way that promotes
an attractive and convenient shopping experience and
a transparent wall along the sidewalk. Storefronts are at
grade with the sidewalk and are sometimes shaded by
awnings.
IMAGE 6.17 RETAIL BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT
STOREFRONT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.18 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.18 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed at a build-to-line as required by the PROPERTY LINE
building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. Awnings, canopies, cornices, and projecting
signs may extend into the public right-of-way A
per the requirements of the encroachment
section in Section 2003.
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
PLAN VIEW
PROPERTY LINE
A
B
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
6.26 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.09 RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.19 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOREFRONT COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.19 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
K percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
F entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
B C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
H
G C D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
ADJACENT E the building. The angled wall (the wall that
GRADE connects the storefront to the door) in the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
I recess area shall match the main storefront
window.
A E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk
grade.
F. Optional 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
shall extend the entire width of the storefront
BUILDING INTERIOR
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
D
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
PLAN DIAGRAM J high minimum, measured from the adjacent
grade.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
the top of the storefront base and bottom of
sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Refer to Building Type for roof and cornice
requirements.
L. The storefront frontage may have an angled
corner entry as permitted by the specific
Building Type. The angled corner entry shall
meet the transparency requirements of the
storefront frontage and have an entry door.
M. Storefront windows may be replaced with
M M overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
Image 6.18.
IMAGE 6.18 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.27
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.09 RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: TERRACE
DESCRIPTION
In a Terrace Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front street is set back from the right-of-way
line to accommodate an elevated terrace. The terrace
provides circulation along the facade. This Frontage
Type can be used to provide at-grade access while
accommodating a grade change. Frequent steps up
to the terrace are necessary to avoid dead walls and
maximize access. This frontage may also be used in
historic industrial areas to mimic historic loading docks.
IMAGE 6.19 TERRACE FRONTAGE WITH STOREFRONT
TERRACE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.20 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.20 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The terrace frontage is required to be placed
at a build-to-line as required by the building site PROPERTY LINE
placement requirements in the Context Area
section. Refer to Section 2005. LINE OF CURB
B. Building facades with the terrace frontage are
exempt from the requirement of being placed A
at the build-to-line at the front property line. The
FRONT
STREET
terrace is required to be placed at the build-to-
BUILDING
line, or as close as possible to the build-to-line FOOTPRINT
in instances where conditions required in item B
E on this page cannot be met with the terrace
at build-to-line.
G
C. Terrace frontages are not permitted on side
streets.
PLAN VIEW
D. Terrace frontages shall not be permitted on
more than 50% of the buildings on one block E
face.
E. Terrace placement shall provide a minimum
of 10 feet for sidewalk, pedestrian access, and
sidewalk furnishing zone between terrace edge
and line of curb. Clear pedestrian access shall PROPERTY LINE
be maintained at 5 feet minimum.
A
F. Low walls of the terrace that are designed for
seating are encouraged.
LINE OF BUILDING
G. Steps to access terrace shall occur at intervals of FACADE
not greater than 50 feet. Steps may extend into TERRACE
the public right-of-way when the requirements
of item E. are met. F
B
H. Terrace depth shall be 5 feet minimum. I
I. Terrace finish level above sidewalk shall be 42
inches maximum. LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
J. Maximum length of terrace shall be 150 feet.
K. Storefront is required at the ground level floor.
H
6.28 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.09 RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: TERRACE
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.21 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS TERRACE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.21 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
K percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
F entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
B C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
H
G C D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
ADJACENT E the building. The angled wall (the wall that
TERRACE GRADE connects the storefront to the door) in the
I recess area shall match the main storefront
window.
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent terrace
grade.
A
F. Optional 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
shall extend the entire width of the storefront
BUILDING INTERIOR
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
D
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
PLAN DIAGRAM J high minimum, measured from the adjacent
grade of terrace.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
the top of the storefront base and bottom of
sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Refer to Building Type for roof and cornice
requirements.
L. Storefront windows may be replaced with
overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
Image 6.20.
M. Conditionally Permitting of Frontage: Terrace
L L Frontage is permitted to be used on this Building
Type only when adjacent sidewalk and Public
Realm conditions present slopes that prevent
consistent at-grade access.
IMAGE 6.20 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.29
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.09 RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: DRIVE-THROUGH
DESCRIPTION
The Drive-through Frontage is identical to the Storefront
Frontage, however it includes an automobile drive-
through at the rear or non-street facing sides. The drive-
through may include a covered structure at the service
window location. This structure is designed to be a
secondary element to the building and is consistent
with the massing, scale, and design of the building. This
frontage is typically associated with retail and mixed-
use buildings and includes a storefront that is designed
in a way that promotes an attractive and convenient
shopping experience.
IMAGE 6.21 BUILDING WITH DRIVE-THROUGH
DRIVE-THROUGH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.22 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.22 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80) percent
of the overall length of the first story and shall be K
interrupted by the required pilasters referenced in
item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over entry
recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent F
minimum transparency.
B
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
H
feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of the
building. The angled wall (the wall that connects G C
the storefront to the door) in the recess area shall
match the main storefront window.
ADJACENT E
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk GRADE
grade. ELEVATION DIAGRAM
I
F. Required 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or A
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
shall extend the entire width of the storefront
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet high
minimum, measured from the adjacent grade.
BUILDING INTERIOR
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have 60%
to 80% of the façade be windows between the
D
top of the storefront base and bottom of sign
band (or horizontal expression line). Entry door
transparency shall be included as part of the PLAN DIAGRAM J
required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by the
sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Refer to Building Type for roof and cornice
requirements.
L. The storefront frontage may have an angled
corner entry as permitted by the specific Building
Type. The angled corner entry shall meet the
transparency requirements of the storefront
frontage and have an entry door.
6.30 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.09 RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: DRIVE-THROUGH
ILLUSTRATION 6.23 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS DRIVE-THROUGH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.23 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
PROPERTY LINE
placed at a build-to-line or within a build-to-
zone, depending on building site placement
requirements in the Public Realm Context Area
LINE OF CURB section. Refer to Section 2004.
A
B. Awnings, canopies, cornices, and projecting
signs may extend into the public right-of-way
per the requirements of the encroachment
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
BUILDING section in Section 2003.
FOOTPRINT
F C. Rear Drive-Through Zone: Drive-through
locations at the rear of the building shall be
LINE OF BUILDING
placed within a rear drive-through zone that is
FACADE located as follows:
1. 0 to 45 feet, measured from rear building
PLAN VIEW
wall.
2. 15 feet minimum, measured from building
walls that face side streets.
D. Side Drive-Through Zone: Drive-through
locations at the non-street facing sides of the
building shall be placed within a rear drive-
PROPERTY LINE
through zone that is located as follows:
1. 0 to 45 feet, measured from side building
wall.
A 2. 15 feet minimum, measured from building
walls that face front streets.
E. Drive-through locations shall comply with rear
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
and side setbacks of the Context Area that the
lot is in. Refer to Section 2005.
F B
F. Storefront is required at the ground level floor
at building facades facing streets, civic space,
and rights-of-way.
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
C.2
REAR PROPERTY LINE
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
C C.1
SIDE PROPERTY LINE
D
BUILDING
SIDE STREET
FOOTPRINT
D.2
FRONT PROPERTY LINE
FRONT STREET
D.1
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.31
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.32 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The FLEX BUILDING TYPE is a medium- to large-sized attached or detached structure, typically built on a large lot. It can be used
to provide a vertical mix of uses with ground floor industrial, service, retail, or residential uses; or it may be a single-use building.
This Type is a primary component in a variety of urban context areas that provide a mix of Building Types.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF FLEX BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Flex Building Type. They are intended as examples only and
should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based Code area.
IMAGE 6.22 AMAZON BUILDING ON WESTERN AVENUE WITH IMAGE 6.23 MUSKEGON FLEX BUILDING ON CLAY AVENUE WITH
DOORYARD FRONTAGE DOORYARD FRONTAGE
IMAGE 6.24 HUME BUILDING ON 3RD STREET WITH STOREFRONT IMAGE 6.25 MUSKEGON FLEX BUILDING ON WESTERN AVENUE
FRONTAGE WITH DOORYARD FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.33
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.24 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.24 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 200 feet maximum
D
B. Building width at front street shall be built to a ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
minimum of 75% of the overall width of the front
street property line.
PROPERTY LINE
C. Building width at side street: 100 feet maximum
D. Building depth: 20 feet minimum
C
SIDE STREET
E. Maximum site coverage: 100%
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
D
A
B
FRONT STREET
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.25 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.25 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION & ACCESS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) are required at
the front street and shall be directly accessed
from and face the front street.
B. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) shall occur at
intervals of not greater than 100 feet along the
front street.
PROPERTY LINE
C. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) at the side D
street (if provided) shall be directly accessed
from and face the side street. D
C
SIDE STREET
D. Upper floor units may be accessed by a BUILDING FOOTPRINT
common entry or lobby along the front or side
street or at the rear of the building.
A B D
FRONT STREET
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Required total of 1 unit minimum. A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
Area.
6.34 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.26 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.26 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building shall have a flat roof with parapet.
A
B. Building shall have a cornice expression line at
roofline.
B
C. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of the
E façade be windows between the finish floor
C line of the second story and bottom of cornice
expression line.
D. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
to Building Frontage options for transparency
F requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
D
E. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
F. Building shall have an 18” to 32” pilaster or
wall surface every 20 to 40 feet along building
facades facing streets. Pilasters shall extend
vertically from grade to cornice expression line.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.27 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.27 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 14 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
D C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
B
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
D. Height of parapet wall shall be between 12”
minimum and 4 feet maximum, measured from
A roof line.
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Flex Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 4 frontage configurations applied to the ground level floor where it
abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Combination of Frontages: For Flex Building Types, more than one frontage may used on the same building at front and / or side
streets.
Frontage options for the Flex Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following pages of this sub-
section.
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE MSW NC NE UR
FRONTAGE OPTION DT
DOWNTOWN
MS
MAINSTREET MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
BUILDING TYPE
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
FLEX
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right
with TERRACE By Right By Right By Right By Right
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right By Right
with DOORYARD By Right By Right By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.35
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
DESCRIPTION
The Storefront Frontage Type is applied to the ground level
floor of a Building Type along the front and side streets. It
is typically associated with retail and mixed use buildings.
The storefront shall be designed in a way that promotes
an attractive and convenient shopping experience and
a transparent wall along the sidewalk. Storefronts are at
grade with the sidewalk and are sometimes shaded by
awnings.
IMAGE 6.26 FLEX BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT
STOREFRONT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.28 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.28 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone, as required by PROPERTY LINE
building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side
street property lines and the building façade A
shall have one of the following treatments
depending on distance from the property line.
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
1. Distance between building façade and BUILDING
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: FOOTPRINT
Ground area shall be paved to match B
public sidewalk.
LINE OF BUILDING
2. Distance between building façade and FACADE
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
PLAN VIEW
Ground area shall be landscaped with
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width that is equal to the width of the
widest part of the entry door recess.
3. Ground area may be paved at distances
greater than ten (10) feet when outdoor PROPERTY LINE
seating is proposed per approval of
Planning Director and / or Planning
Commission.
A
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the LINE OF BUILDING
encroachment section in Section 2003. FACADE
C
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.36 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.29 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOREFRONT COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.29 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
K
entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
F feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
the building. The angled wall (the wall that
B connects the storefront to the door) in the
H recess area shall match the main storefront
C window.
G
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk
ADJACENT E grade.
GRADE
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
I F. Optional 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
A shall extend the entire width of the storefront
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
high minimum, measured from the adjacent
BUILDING INTERIOR grade.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
D 60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
the top of the storefront base and bottom of
PLAN DIAGRAM J sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
L. Storefront windows may be replaced with
overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
Image 6.27.
L L
IMAGE 6.27 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.37
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: TERRACE
DESCRIPTION
In a Terrace Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front street is set back from the right-of-way
line to accommodate an elevated terrace. The terrace
provides circulation along the facade. This Frontage
Type can be used to provide at-grade access while
accommodating a grade change. Frequent steps up
to the terrace are necessary to avoid dead walls and
maximize access. This frontage may also be used in
historic industrial areas to mimic historic loading docks.
IMAGE 6.28 FLEX BUILDING WITH TERRACE
TERRACE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.30 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.30 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The terrace frontage is required to be placed
within a build-to-zone as required by the PROPERTY LINE
building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005. LINE OF CURB
B. Building facades with the terrace frontage are B A
exempt from the requirement of being placed
FRONT STREET
within the build-to-zone at the front and side
property lines. The terrace is required to be
BUILDING
placed within the build-to-zone. FOOTPRINT
D
C. Terrace frontages shall not be permitted on
more than 50% of the buildings on one block
face. G
LINE OF BUILDING
D. The ground area between the front property FACADE
PLAN VIEW
lines and the front edge of the terrace shall be
paved to match the public sidewalk. In cases
where steps project beyond the front edge of E
the terrace, the area adjacent to and in line
with the steps may be landscaped.
E. Terrace placement shall provide a minimum
of 10 feet for sidewalk, pedestrian access, and
sidewalk furnishing zone between terrace edge PROPERTY LINE
and line of curb. Clear pedestrian access shall
be maintained at 5 feet minimum.
A
F. Low walls of the terrace that are designed for
seating are encouraged. LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
G. Steps to access terrace shall occur at intervals B
TERRACE
of not greater than 50 feet. Steps may extend
past the build-to-zone when the requirements F
of item E. are met.
K
I
H. Terrace depth shall be 10 feet minimum.
I. Terrace finish level above sidewalk shall be 42 LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
inches maximum.
J. Maximum length of terrace shall be 200 feet. H
K. Storefront is required at the ground level floor. HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.38 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: TERRACE
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.31 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS TERRACE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.31 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
K
entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
F feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
the building. The angled wall (the wall that
B connects the storefront to the door) in the
H recess area shall match the main storefront
C window.
G
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent terrace
ADJACENT E grade.
TERRACE GRADE
I F. Optional 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
ELEVATION DIAGRAM expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
shall extend the entire width of the storefront
A but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
high minimum, measured from the adjacent
BUILDING INTERIOR grade of terrace.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
D 60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
the top of the storefront base and bottom of
PLAN DIAGRAM J sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
L. Storefront windows may be replaced with
overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
Image 6.29.
L L M. Conditionally Permitting of Frontage: Terrace
Frontage is permitted to be used on this Building
Type only when adjacent sidewalk and Public
Realm conditions present slopes that prevent
IMAGE 6.29 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS
consistent at-grade access.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.39
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: FORECOURT
DESCRIPTION
In a Forecourt Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front street is at or near the right-of-way
line and a small percentage of the facade is set back,
creating a small courtyard space. The courtyard space
may be used as an entry court or shared garden space, or
as an additional area for shopping or restaurant seating.
The courtyard area is not covered and extends the entire
height of the building.
IMAGE 6.30 FLEX BUILDING WITH FORECOURT
FORECOURT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.32 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.32 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. A minimum of 30% of the building facade of
the forecourt frontage is required to be placed
PROPERTY LINE
within the build-to-zone as required by the
building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005. LINE OF CURB
BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
B. The ground area between the front and side A
street property lines and the main building
façade shall have one of the following
SIDE STREET
treatments depending on distance from the
FRONT OR
property line. C
1. Distance between building façade and
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: E
Ground area shall be paved to match
public sidewalk. B
2. Distance between building façade and LINE OF BUILDING
property line is greater than ten (10) feet: PLAN VIEW
FACADE
Ground area shall be landscaped with
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting D
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width that is equal to the width of the
widest part of the entry door recess.
3. Ground area may be paved at distances
greater than ten (10) feet when outdoor
seating is proposed per approval of PROPERTY LINE
Planning Director and / or Planning
Commission.
C. Required courtyard shall have a width that is
twelve (12) feet minimum.
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D. Required courtyard shall have a depth of
twelve (12) feet minimum.
COURTYARD AREA
E. Courtyard area shall be paved. Landscape
islands may be used within the space, but may A
not cover more than 40% of the courtyard’s
ground area.
F. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the SECTION LINE OF CURB
VIEW
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003. D
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.40 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3:
9.03 2: FORECOURT
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.33 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS FORECOURT COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.33 for frontage composition graphic
reference for building walls that face the courtyard and
building walls that face the front and side streets.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) may be at-grade or raised and
accessed by steps.
1. At-Grade entry door (zero-step) shall
have one of the following treatments:
■■ Covered with a supported roof
E (as depicted in the graphic). Roof
shall be supported with columns.
■■ Covered with a canopy. Canopy
shall be cantilevered or supported
FINISH FLOOR LINE by brackets or cables.
SECOND FLOOR ■■ Uncovered (with no canopy or
supported roof).
A C ■■ Recessed in building wall.
D
2. Elevated entry door shall have one of the
ADJACENT B following treatments:
GRADE ■■ Covered with a supported roof.
ELEVATION DIAGRAM Roof shall be supported with
columns.
■■ Covered with a canopy. Canopy
shall be cantilevered or supported
by brackets or cables.
3. Elevated entry doors shall have a stoop
BUILDING INTERIOR (landing at door) that is minimum 4 feet
deep and minimum 4 feet wide.
C. Transparency: Forecourt frontage shall have
B.3 D 10% to 50% of the façade be windows between
the adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
B.3 second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
PLAN DIAGRAM calculation.
D. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type.
E. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.41
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.04 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 4: DOORYARD
DESCRIPTION
In a Dooryard Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front street is setback a small distance from
the front and side streets, typically within a build-to-zone.
The front property line is oftentimes defined by a low wall,
fence, or hedge, creating a small dooryard. The dooryard
shall not provide public circulation along the rights-of-
way. The dooryard may be raised or at-grade and is most
often intended for ground floor residential.
IMAGE 6.31 FLEX BUILDING WITH DOORYARD
DOORYARD LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.34 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.34 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF CURB
street property lines and the main building
façade shall have one of the following A
treatments depending on distance from the
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
property line.
1. Distance between building façade and
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
Ground area shall be paved to match D
public sidewalk.
2. Distance between building façade and B
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
LINE OF BUILDING
Ground area shall be landscaped with FACADE
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to PLAN VIEW
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width that is equal to the width of the
widest part of the entry door recess.
Additionally, one of the following
landscape elements is required to be
placed at the property line when the
distance between facade and property PROPERTY LINE
line is greater than ten (10) feet:
■■ A 24” to 42” high brick wall.
■■ A decorative metal fence that is A
42” high maximum.
■■ A continuous hedge that is LINE OF BUILDING
maintained at a 42” maximum FACADE
height.
3. Ground area may be paved at distances
greater than ten (10) feet when outdoor
seating is proposed per approval of C
Planning Director and / or Planning
Commission.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
D. Wells may extend into required setbacks per
the requirements of the encroachment section HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
in Section 2003. SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.42 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.10 FLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 4:
9.04 2: DOORYARD
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.35 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS DOORYARD COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.35 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) may be at-grade or elevated and
accessed by steps.
1. At-grade entry door (zero-step) shall
have one of the following treatments:
■■ Covered with a supported roof
(as depicted in the graphic). Roof
E shall be supported with columns.
■■ Covered with a canopy. Canopy
shall be cantilevered or supported
by brackets or cables.
FINISH FLOOR LINE ■■ Uncovered (with no canopy or
SECOND FLOOR supported roof).
■■ Recessed in building wall.
D A C
2. Elevated entry door shall have one of the
following treatments:
ADJACENT B ■■ Covered with a supported roof.
GRADE Roof shall be supported with
ELEVATION DIAGRAM columns.
■■ Covered with a canopy. Canopy
shall be cantilevered or supported
by brackets or cables.
3. Elevated entry doors shall have a stoop
(landing at door) that is minimum 4 feet
BUILDING INTERIOR deep and minimum 4 feet wide.
C. Transparency: Dooryard frontage shall have
10% to 50% of the façade be windows between
B.3 D the adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
B.3 included as part of the required transparency
calculation.
PLAN DIAGRAM
D. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type.
E. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.43
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.44 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.11 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE is a small- to medium-sized detached structure. It is intended to provide retail or service
uses at the ground floor. This Type will typically have a residential mass, scale, and composition that allows it to integrate into
adjacent residential areas.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Cottage Retail Building Type. They are intended as examples
only and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based
Code area.
IMAGE 6.32 MUSKEGON COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING ON WEST
CLAY AVENUE WITH STOOP FRONTAGE IMAGE 6.33 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING WITH STOOP FRONTAGE
IMAGE 6.34 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT
FRONTAGE IMAGE 6.35 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING WITH STOOP FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.45
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.11 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.36 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.36 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 30 feet maximum.
B. Building depth: 20 feet minimum ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
C. Maximum site coverage: 60%
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
SIDE STREET
BUILDING BUILDING
FOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT B
FRONT STREET
A A
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.37 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.37 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION & ACCESS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) are required at
the front street and shall be directly accessed
from and face the front street. ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
B. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) at the side
street (if provided) shall be directly accessed
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
from and face the side street.
C. Upper floor units may be accessed by a
common entry along the front or side street or
C
SIDE STREET
at the rear of the building. C
BUILDING BUILDING
FOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT
B
A A
FRONT STREET
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Required total of 1 unit minimum. A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
B. Cottage Retail Buildings per lot: 2 maximum. Area.
6.46 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.11 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.38 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.38 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building shall have a pitched (sloped) roof that
is compatible with the surrounding residential
A architecture.
B. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 35% of the
façade be windows between the finish floor
D B line of the second story and roof eave.
C. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
to Building Frontage options for transparency
requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
C D. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.39 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.39 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 12 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
B
A
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Cottage Retail Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 3 frontage configurations applied to the ground level floor
where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Frontage options for the Cottage Retail Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following pages of
this sub-section.
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE MSW NC NE UR
FRONTAGE OPTION
BUILDING TYPE
DT MS
COTTAGE
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
RETAIL
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right
with DOORYARD By Right By Right
with STOOP By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.47
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.11 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
DESCRIPTION
The Storefront Frontage Type is applied to the ground level
floor of a Building Type along the front and side streets. It
is typically associated with retail and mixed use buildings.
The storefront shall be designed in a way that promotes
an attractive and convenient shopping experience and
a transparent wall along the sidewalk. Storefronts are at
grade with the sidewalk and are sometimes shaded by
awnings.
IMAGE 6.36 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT
STOREFRONT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.40 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.40 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by PROPERTY LINE
the building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side
street property lines and the building façade A
shall have one of the following treatments
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
depending on distance from the property line.
1. Distance between building façade and BUILDING
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: FOOTPRINT
Ground area shall be paved to match B
public sidewalk.
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
2. Distance between building façade and
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
PLAN VIEW
Ground area shall be landscaped with
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width that is equal to the width of the
widest part of the entry door recess.
3. Ground area may be paved at distances
greater than ten (10) feet when outdoor PROPERTY LINE
seating is proposed per approval of
Planning Director and / or Planning
Commission.
A
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
LINE OF BUILDING
public right-of-way per the requirements of the FACADE
encroachment section in Section 2003.
C
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.48 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.11 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.41 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOREFRONT COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.41 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
K
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
F feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
the building. The angled wall (the wall that
B connects the storefront to the door) in the
H recess area shall match the main storefront
C window.
G
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk
ADJACENT E grade.
GRADE
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
I F. Required 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
A shall extend the entire width of the storefront
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
high minimum, measured from the adjacent
BUILDING INTERIOR grade.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
D 60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
the top of the storefront base and bottom of
PLAN DIAGRAM J sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced at 20 to 40 feet along building facades
facing street. Pilaster or wall surface shall
extend the full height of the storefront frontage
and shall be terminated by the sign band or
horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.49
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.11 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: DOORYARD
DESCRIPTION
In a Dooryard Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within a
build-to-zone. The front property line is oftentimes defined
by a low wall, fence, or hedge, creating a small dooryard.
The dooryard shall not provide public circulation along
the rights-of-way. The dooryard is at-grade.
IMAGE 6.37 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING WITH DOORYARD
DOORYARD LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.42 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.42 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF CURB
street property lines and the main building
façade shall have one of the following A
treatments depending on distance from the
LINE OF BUILDING
property line. FACADE
1. Distance between building façade and BUILDING
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: FOOTPRINT
B
Ground area shall be paved to match
public sidewalk.
D
2. Distance between building façade and
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
Ground area shall be landscaped with
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to PLAN VIEW
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width that is equal to the width of the
widest part of the entry door recess.
Additionally, one of the following
landscape elements is required to be
placed at the property line when the
distance between facade and property PROPERTY LINE
line is greater than ten (10) feet:
■■ A 24” to 42” high brick wall.
■■ A decorative metal fence that is A
42” high maximum.
■■ A continuous hedge that is
maintained at a 42” maximum LINE OF BUILDING
height. FACADE
3. Ground area may be paved at distances
greater than ten (10) feet when outdoor C
seating is proposed per approval of
Planning Director and / or Planning
Commission.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
D. Wells may extend into required setbacks per
the requirements of the encroachment section HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
in Section 2003. SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.50 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.11 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: DOORYARD
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.43 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS DOORYARD COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.43 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be at-grade.
At-grade entry doors shall have one of the
following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof. Roof
shall be supported with columns.
D
2. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
cantilevered or supported by brackets or
cables.
3. Uncovered (with no canopy or supported
FINISH FLOOR LINE roof). As depicted in the graphic.
SECOND FLOOR 4. Recessed in building wall.
C. Transparency: Dooryard frontage shall have
C
A 10% to 50% of the façade be windows between
the adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
ADJACENT B included as part of the required transparency
GRADE calculation.
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
D. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.51
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.11 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: STOOP
DESCRIPTION
In a Stoop Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within a
build-to-zone. The stoop is elevated above the sidewalk.
Steps or a ramp from the stoop may lead directly to the
sidewalk or may be side-loaded.
IMAGE 6.38 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING WITH STOOP
STOOP LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.44 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.44 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF BUILDING
street property lines and the main building FACADE
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
connecting the entry door to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting stoop and
public sidewalk shall be minimum 5 feet wide.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the B
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003. A
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into PLAN VIEW
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.52 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.11 COTTAGE RETAIL BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3:
9.03 2: STOOP
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.45 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOOP COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.45 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be elevated
above adjacent grade. Elevated entry doors
shall have one of the following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof. Roof
shall be supported with columns.
G
2. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
cantilevered or supported by brackets or
cables.
FINISH FLOOR LINE C. Depth of stoop landing shall be 4 feet minimum.
SECOND FLOOR
D. Width of stoop landing shall be 5 feet minimum.
F
A E. Stoop shall be 12” minimum above adjacent
grade.
ADJACENT F. Transparency: Stoop frontage shall have 40% to
GRADE 60% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
G. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
C B
D
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.53
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.54 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE is a small- to medium-sized attached structure that consists of one dwelling unit above
and/or behind a flexible ground floor space that can be used for residential, service, or retail uses. Both the ground floor
space and the dwelling unit are owned by one entity. This Type is especially appropriate for incubating retail and service
uses and allowing neighborhood retail to expand as the market demands.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Live / Work Building Type. They are intended as examples
only and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based
Code area.
IMAGE 6.39 LIVE / WORK BUILDINGS WITH STOREFRONT AND
DOORYARD FRONTAGES IMAGE 6.40 LIVE / WORK BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT FRONTAGE
IMAGE 6.41 LIVE / WORK BUILDINGS WITH STOREFRONT AND
DOORYARD FRONTAGES IMAGE 6.42 LIVE / WORK BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.55
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.46 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.46 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 18 feet minimum ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
and 36 feet maximum.
B. Building depth: 20 feet minimum. D D
C. Building may have an attached garage located
in the rear of the building and accessed from C
an alley or side street. Attached garage is not
PROPERTY LINE
permitted if a Carriage House is included on
the parcel.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
SIDE STREET
D. Building may have a Carriage House in lieu BUILDING B
of an attached garage. Refer to Carriage FOOTPRINT
House Building Type in Section 2006.18 for
requirements.
E. Live/Works per run of attached units: 2 minimum,
8 maximum.
FRONT STREET
F. Maximum site coverage: 80% including garage
or Carriage House. A A A
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.47 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.47 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) are required to ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
be located at the front and / or side street and
shall be directly accessed from and face the
street. D
B. Entrances to upper floor unit(s) are required to
be located at the front and / or side street and
shall be directly accessed from and face the
PROPERTY LINE
street.
C
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C. Ground floor and upper floor unit(s) are required
SIDE STREET
to have separate entrances. BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
D. Carriage House entrances shall be as required
by the Carriage House Building Type in Section A
2006.18.
A C A
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Total of 2 units maximum. Both units shall be A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
used by the same occupant. Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
Area.
B. Live / Work Buildings per lot: 2 maximum.
C. An additional unit is permitted if Carriage
House Building Type is used in conjunction with
the Live / Work Building.
6.56 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.48 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.48 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building may have a flat roof with parapet or a
A
pitched (sloped) roof.
E B. Buildings with flat roof shall have a cornice
B
expression line at roofline.
C. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of the
C façade be windows between the finish floor
line of the second story and bottom of cornice
expression line or eave.
D. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
D F to Building Frontage options for transparency
requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
E. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
F. Building shall have an 18” to 32” pilaster or
wall surface every 18 to 36 feet along building
facades facing streets. Pilasters shall extend
vertically from grade to cornice expression line.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.49 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.49 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 12 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
B D D. On Building Type with flat roof option, the height
of parapet wall shall be between 12” minimum
and 4 feet maximum, measured from roof line.
A
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Live / Work Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 4 frontage configurations applied to the ground level floor
where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Combination of Frontages: For Flex Building Types, more than one frontage may used on the same building at front and / or side
streets.
Frontage options for the Live / Work Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following pages of this
sub-section.
CONTEXT AREAS
LIVE / WORK
BUILDING TYPE MSW NC NE UR
FRONTAGE OPTION DT
DOWNTOWN
MS
MAINSTREET MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
BUILDING TYPE
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
with STOREFRONT By Right By Right By Right By Right
At corner lots
with DOORYARD By Right By Right By Right By Right only
with LIGHTWELL By Right By Right By Right By Right
At corner lots
with STOOP By Right By Right By Right only
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.57
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
DESCRIPTION
The Storefront Frontage Type is applied to the ground level
floor of a Building Type along the front and side streets. It
is typically associated with retail and mixed use buildings.
The storefront shall be designed in a way that promotes
an attractive and convenient shopping experience and
a transparent wall along the sidewalk. Storefronts are at
grade with the sidewalk and are sometimes shaded by
awnings.
IMAGE 6.43 LIVE / WORK BUILDING WITH STOREFRONT
STOREFRONT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.50 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.50 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by PROPERTY LINE
the building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side
street property lines and the building façade A
shall have one of the following treatments
depending on distance from the property line.
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
1. Distance between building façade and BUILDING
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: FOOTPRINT
Ground area shall be paved to match B
public sidewalk.
LINE OF BUILDING
2. Distance between building façade and FACADE
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
PLAN VIEW
Ground area shall be landscaped with
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width that is equal to the width of the
widest part of the entry door recess.
3. Ground area may be paved at distances
greater than ten (10) feet when outdoor PROPERTY LINE
seating is proposed per approval of
Planning Director and / or Planning
Commission.
A
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the LINE OF BUILDING
encroachment section in Section 2003. FACADE
C
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.58 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.51 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOREFRONT COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.51 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Storefronts shall extend across eighty (80)
percent of the overall length of the first story
and shall be interrupted by the required
pilasters referenced in item J. on this page.
B. Optional transom window may extend over
K
entry recess (as depicted) or follow entry recess.
C. Required entry door shall have fifty (50) percent
minimum transparency.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
D. Entry door is required to be recessed three (3)
F feet to eight (8) feet from the facade wall of
the building. The angled wall (the wall that
B connects the storefront to the door) in the
H recess area shall match the main storefront
C window.
G
E. Entry door is required to be at adjacent sidewalk
ADJACENT E grade.
GRADE
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
I F. Required 30” to 42” sign band or horizontal
expression line above storefront window or
transom. Sign band or horizontal expression line
A shall extend the entire width of the storefront
but may be interrupted by the required pilasters
referenced in item J. on this page.
G. Storefront window glass shall be eight (8) feet
high minimum, measured from the adjacent
BUILDING INTERIOR grade.
H. Transparency: Storefront frontage shall have
D 60% to 80% of the façade be windows between
the top of the storefront base and bottom of
PLAN DIAGRAM J sign band (or horizontal expression line). Entry
door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
I. Required 18” to 30” high storefront base.
J. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type. Pilaster
or wall surface shall extend the full height of the
storefront frontage, by may be interrupted by
the sign band or horizontal expression line.
K. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
L. Storefront windows may be replaced with
overhead doors. Overhead doors that replace
storefront windows are required to meet the
transparency requirements in item H. Refer to
Image 6.44.
L L
IMAGE 6.44 STOREFRONT WITH TRANSPARENT OVERHEAD DOORS
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.59
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: DOORYARD
DESCRIPTION
In a Dooryard Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within a
build-to-zone. The front property line is oftentimes defined
by a low wall, fence, or hedge, creating a small dooryard.
The dooryard shall not provide public circulation along
the rights-of-way. The dooryard is at-grade.
IMAGE 6.45 LIVE / WORK BUILDING WITH DOORYARD
DOORYARD LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.52 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.52 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF CURB
street property lines and the main building
façade shall have one of the following A
treatments depending on distance from the LINE OF BUILDING
property line. FACADE
1. Distance between building façade and BUILDING
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: FOOTPRINT
B
Ground area shall be paved to match
public sidewalk.
D
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
2. Distance between building façade and
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
Ground area shall be landscaped with
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to PLAN VIEW
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width that is equal to the width of the
widest part of the entry door recess.
Additionally, one of the following
landscape elements is required to be
placed at the property line when the
distance between facade and property PROPERTY LINE
line is greater than ten (10) feet:
■■ A 24” to 42” high brick wall.
■■ A decorative metal fence that is A
42” high maximum.
■■ A continuous hedge that is
maintained at a 42” maximum LINE OF BUILDING
height. FACADE
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the C
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
D. Wells may extend into required setbacks per
the requirements of the encroachment section LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
in Section 2003.
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.60 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: DOORYARD
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.53 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS DOORYARD COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.53 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be at-grade.
At-grade entry doors shall have one of the
following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof. Roof
shall be supported with columns.
D
2. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
cantilevered or supported by brackets or
cables.
3. Uncovered (with no canopy or supported
FINISH FLOOR LINE roof). As depicted in the graphic.
SECOND FLOOR
C. Transparency: Dooryard frontage shall have
10% to 50% of the façade be windows between
C
A the adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
ADJACENT B calculation.
GRADE
ELEVATION DIAGRAM D. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.61
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: LIGHTWELL
DESCRIPTION
In a Lightwell Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within
a build-to-zone. This frontage has a combined elevated
terrace and sunken lightwell between the building wall
and property line. This frontage type buffers residential,
retail, and service uses from urban sidewalks and removes
the private yard from public encroachment.
IMAGE 6.46 BUILDING WITH LIGHTWELL FRONTAGE
LIGHTWELL LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.54 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.54 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF CURB
street property lines and the main building
façade shall have one of the following A
treatments depending on distance from the
property line. LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
1. Distance between building façade and BUILDING
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: FOOTPRINT
B
Ground area shall be paved to match
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
public sidewalk.
2. Distance between building façade and F
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
Ground area shall be landscaped with
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to PLAN VIEW
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width of 5 feet minimum.
C. Required exterior stair from adjacent sidewalk PROPERTY LINE
grade down to sunken lightwell.
D. Required exterior stair from adjacent sidewalk
grade to elevated terrace. A
E. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper LINE OF BUILDING
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the FACADE
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
D
F. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
C
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.62 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3:
9.03 2: LIGHTWELL
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.55 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS LIGHTWELL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.55 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) is not required to have
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be elevated.
Elevated entry doors shall have one of the
following treatments:
1. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
cantilevered or supported by brackets or
H
cables. (As depicted in the graphic).
2. Uncovered (with no canopy or supported
roof).
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
C. Depth of required terrace shall be 4 feet
minimum and 8 feet maximum.
A F
B
D. Terrace shall be 3 feet minimum above
adjacent grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
FIRST FLOOR
D E. Depth of required lightwell shall be 6 feet
ADJACENT minimum and 10 feet maximum.
GRADE
F. Transparency First Floor: Lightwell frontage shall
G have 10% to 50% of the façade be windows
FINISH FLOOR LINE between the finish floor line of the first story and
LIGHTWELL (BASEMENT)
the finish floor line of the second story. Entry
ELEVATION DIAGRAM door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
BUILDING INTERIOR
G. Transparency Lightwell: Lightwell frontage shall
have 10% to 30% of the façade be windows
between the finish floor line of the first story and
the finish floor line of the lightwell (basement).
C E
H. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
I
I. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
PLAN DIAGRAM
spaced as indicated by Building Type.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.63
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
9.04 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 4: STOOP
DESCRIPTION
In a Stoop Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within a
build-to-zone. The stoop is elevated above the sidewalk.
Steps or a ramp from the stoop may lead directly to the
sidewalk or may be side-loaded.
IMAGE 6.47 BUILDING WITH STOOP
STOOP LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.56 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.56 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF BUILDING
street property lines and the main building FACADE
façade shall have one of the following
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
treatments depending on distance from the BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
property line.
1. Distance between building façade and
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet:
Ground area shall be paved to match
public sidewalk. B
2. Distance between building façade and A
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
Ground area shall be landscaped with PLAN VIEW
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width of 5 feet minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.64 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.12 LIVE / WORK BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 4:
9.04 2: STOOP
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.57 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOOP COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.57 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be elevated
above adjacent grade. Elevated entry doors
shall have one of the following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof. Roof
shall be supported with columns.
G
2. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
cantilevered or supported by brackets or
cables.
FINISH FLOOR LINE C. Depth of stoop landing shall be 4 feet minimum.
SECOND FLOOR
D. Width of stoop landing shall be 5 feet minimum.
F
A E. Stoop shall be 12” minimum above adjacent
grade.
ADJACENT F. Transparency: Stoop frontage shall have 40% to
GRADE 60% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
G. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
C B
D
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.65
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6.66 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE is a medium- to large-sized structure that consists of 7 or more side-by-side and/
or stacked dwelling units, typically with one shared entry. This Type is appropriately scaled to fit in medium-density
neighborhoods and enables well-designed higher densities. It is an essential Building Type for providing a broad choice
of housing types and promoting walkability.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Large Multi-Plex Building Type. They are intended as examples
only and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based
Code area.
IMAGE 6.48 MUSKEGON LARGE MULTI-PLEX WITH FORECOURT IMAGE 6.49 MUSKEGON LARGE MULTI-PLEX WITH STOOP
FRONTAGE ON HAMILTON AVENUE FRONTAGE ON WEST CLAY AVENUE
IMAGE 6.50 LARGE MULTI-PLEX WITH FORECOURT FRONTAGE IMAGE 6.51 LARGE MULTI-PLEX WITH STOOP FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.67
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.58 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.58 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 80 feet maximum
C
B. Building width at side street: 80 feet maximum ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
C. Building depth: 75 feet maximum.
PROPERTY LINE
D. Maximum site coverage: 70%
B
SIDE STREET
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
C
A
FRONT STREET
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.59 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.59 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION & ACCESS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Main entrances shall be located along front
street.
B. Units shall be accessed by a common entry
along the front street.
C. On corner lots, units may enter from a secondary
PROPERTY LINE
side street common entry.
D. Units may enter from a secondary common
entry in the rear of the building. D
C
SIDE STREET
BUILDING FOOTPRINT
A B
FRONT STREET
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Total of 7 or more units per building. A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
B. Large Multi-Plex Buildings per lot: 1 maximum. Area.
6.68 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.60 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.60 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building shall have a flat roof with parapet.
A
B. Building shall have a cornice expression line at
E roofline.
B
C. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 40% of the
façade be windows between the finish floor
C line of the second story and bottom of cornice
expression line.
D. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
to Building Frontage options for transparency
D requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
F
E. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
F. Building shall have an 18” to 32” pilaster or
wall surface every 20 to 40 feet along building
facades facing streets. Pilasters shall extend
vertically from grade to cornice expression line.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.61 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.61 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 10 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
D C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
B
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
D. Height of parapet wall shall be between 12”
minimum and 4 feet maximum, measured from
A roof line.
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Large Multi-Plex Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 4 frontage configurations applied to the ground
level floor where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Frontage options for the Large Multi-Plex Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following
pages of this sub-section.
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE MSW NC NE UR
FRONTAGE OPTION
DT MS
MULTI-PLEX
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
BUILDING TYPE
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
LARGE
with FORECOURT By Right By Right By Right
with DOORYARD By Right By Right By Right
with STOOP By Right
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.69
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: FORECOURT
DESCRIPTION
In a Forecourt Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front street is at or near the right-of-way
line and a small percentage of the facade is set back,
creating a small courtyard space. The courtyard space
may be used as an entry court or shared garden space.
The courtyard area is not covered and extends the entire
height of the building.
IMAGE 6.52 LARGE MULTI-PLEX WITH FORECOURT
FORECOURT LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.62 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.62 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. A minimum of 30% of the building facade of
the forecourt frontage is required to be placed
PROPERTY LINE
within the build-to-zone as required by the
building site placement requirements in the
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005. LINE OF CURB
BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
B. The ground area between the front and side A
street property lines and the main building
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk(s)
SIDE STREET
connecting entry door(s) to the public sidewalk.
FRONT OR
Sidewalk connecting entry door and public C
sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet minimum.
E
C. Required courtyard shall have a width that is
twelve (12) feet minimum. B
D. Required courtyard shall have a depth of LINE OF BUILDING
twelve (12) feet minimum. PLAN VIEW
FACADE
E. Courtyard area shall be landscaped, with
sidewalks connecting entry doors. Landscape D
shall cover 70% minimum of the courtyard’s
ground area.
F. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003. PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
COURTYARD AREA
SECTION LINE OF CURB
VIEW
D
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.70 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1:
9.01 2: FORECOURT
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.63 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS FORECOURT COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.63 for frontage composition graphic
reference for building walls that face the courtyard and
building walls that face the front and side streets.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) may be at-grade or elevated and
accessed by steps.
1. At-Grade entry door (zero-step) shall
have one of the following treatments:
■■ Covered with a supported roof
E (as depicted in the graphic). Roof
shall be supported with columns.
■■ Covered with a canopy. Canopy
shall be cantilevered or supported
FINISH FLOOR LINE by brackets or cables.
SECOND FLOOR ■■ Uncovered (with no canopy or
supported roof).
A C ■■ Recessed in building wall.
D
2. Elevated entry door shall have one of the
ADJACENT B following treatments:
GRADE ■■ Covered with a supported roof.
ELEVATION DIAGRAM Roof shall be supported with
columns.
■■ Covered with a canopy. Canopy
shall be cantilevered or supported
by brackets or cables.
3. Elevated entry doors shall have a stoop
BUILDING INTERIOR (landing at door) that is minimum 4 feet
deep and minimum 4 feet wide.
C. Transparency: Forecourt frontage shall have
B.3 D 10% to 40% of the façade be windows between
the adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
B.3 second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
PLAN DIAGRAM calculation.
D. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type.
E. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.71
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: DOORYARD
DESCRIPTION
In a Dooryard Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front street is setback a small distance from
the front and side streets, typically within a build-to-zone.
The front property line is oftentimes defined by a low wall,
fence, or hedge, creating a small dooryard. The dooryard
shall not provide public circulation along the rights-of-
way. The dooryard may be raised or at-grade and is most
often intended for ground floor residential.
IMAGE 6.53 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING WITH DOORYARD
DOORYARD LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.64 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.64 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF CURB
street property lines and the main building
façade shall have one of the following A
treatments depending on distance from the
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
property line.
1. Distance between building façade and
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
Ground area shall be paved to match C
public sidewalk.
2. Distance between building façade and B
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
LINE OF BUILDING
Ground area shall be landscaped with FACADE
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to PLAN VIEW
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width that is equal to the width of the
widest part of the entry door recess.
Additionally, one of the following
landscape elements is required to be
placed at the property line when the
distance between facade and property PROPERTY LINE
line is greater than ten (10) feet:
■■ A 24” to 42” high brick wall.
■■ A decorative metal fence that is A
42” high maximum.
■■ A continuous hedge that is LINE OF BUILDING
maintained at a 42” maximum FACADE
height.
3. Ground area may be paved at distances
greater than ten (10) feet when outdoor
seating is proposed per approval of C
Planning Director and / or Planning
Commission.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
D. Wells may extend into required setbacks per
the requirements of the encroachment section HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
in Section 2003. SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.72 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: DOORYARD
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.65 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS DOORYARD COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.65 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) shall be at-grade (zero-step) and
shall have one of the following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof (as
depicted in the graphic). Roof shall be
supported with columns.
2. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
E cantilevered or supported by brackets or
cables.
3. Uncovered (with no canopy or supported
roof).
FINISH FLOOR LINE 4. Recessed in building wall.
SECOND FLOOR
C. Transparency: Dooryard frontage shall have
A C 10% to 50% of the façade be windows between
D the adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
ADJACENT B included as part of the required transparency
GRADE calculation.
ELEVATION DIAGRAM
D. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
spaced as indicated by Building Type.
E. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
D
B
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.73
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: STOOP
DESCRIPTION
In a Stoop Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within a
build-to-zone. The stoop is elevated above the sidewalk.
Steps or a ramp from the stoop may lead directly to the
sidewalk or may be side-loaded.
IMAGE 6.54 LARGE MULTI-PLEX WITH STOOP
STOOP LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.66 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.66 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF BUILDING
street property lines and the main building FACADE
SIDE STREET
façade shall have one of the following
FRONT OR
treatments depending on distance from the BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
property line.
1. Distance between building façade and
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet:
Ground area shall be paved to match
public sidewalk. B
2. Distance between building façade and A
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
Ground area shall be landscaped with PLAN VIEW
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width of 5 feet minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.74 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3:
9.03 2: STOOP
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.67 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOOP COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.67 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be elevated
above adjacent grade. Elevated entry doors
shall have one of the following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof. Roof
shall be supported with columns.
G 2. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
cantilevered or supported by brackets or
cables.
FINISH FLOOR LINE C. Depth of stoop landing shall be 4 feet minimum.
SECOND FLOOR
D. Width of stoop landing shall be 5 feet minimum.
A
F E. Stoop shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
ADJACENT F. Transparency: Stoop frontage shall have 10% to
GRADE 50% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
G. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
C B
D
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.75
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.04 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 4: PROJECTING PORCH
DESCRIPTION
In a Projecting Porch Frontage Type, the facade of the
building that faces the front and / or side streets is setback
a medium distance from the front and side streets, typically
within a build-to-zone. The resulting yard is typically small
and can be defined by a fence or hedge to spatially
maintain the street edge. The projecting porch is open
on three sides and all habitable space of the building is
located behind the rear edge of the porch. The porch is
elevated above the sidewalk. Steps from the porch may
be on the front or side of the porch and shall lead directly
to the sidewalk.
IMAGE 6.55 LARGE MULTI-PLEX WITH PROJECTING PORCH
PROJECTING PORCH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.68 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.68 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side
street property lines and the main building LINE OF BUILDING
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
FACADE
connecting the porch steps to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet D
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper B
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the A
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.76 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.13 LARGE MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 4:
9.04 2: PROJECTING
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
PORCH
ILLUSTRATION 6.69 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS PROJECTING PORCH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.69 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Depth of porch shall be 6 feet minimum.
C. Width of porch shall be 8 feet minimum.
D. Height of porch ceiling, measured from porch
I floor shall be 8 feet minimum.
E. Porch shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
F. Projecting porches shall be open on three sides
(no walls on three sides).
A D
H G. Furniture area shall be 4 feet x 6 feet minimum
clear area.
ADJACENT H. Transparency: Porch frontage shall have 10% to
GRADE 50% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
I. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
B F G F
F
C
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.77
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.78 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.14 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE is a medium-sized structure that consists of 3 to 6 side-by-side and / or stacked
dwelling units, typically with one shared entry or individual entries along the front. This Type has the appearance of a
large single-family house and is appropriately scaled to fit in single family neighborhoods. This Type enables well-designed
higher densities. It is an essential Building Type for providing a broad choice of housing types and promoting walkability.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Small Multi-Plex Building Type. They are intended as examples
only and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based
Code area.
IMAGE 6.56 TWO SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDINGS WITH STOOP IMAGE 6.57 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING WITH STOOP
FRONTAGE FRONTAGES AND FLAT ROOF
IMAGE 6.58 SMALL MULTI-PLEX WITH PROJECTING PORCH IMAGE 6.59 SMALL MULTI-PLEX WITH STOOP FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.79
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.14 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.70 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.70 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 48 feet maximum
D
B. Building depth: 48 feet maximum. ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
C. Building secondary wing depth (if secondary
wing is used): 30 feet maximum.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
D. Building secondary wing width (if secondary
C
wing is used): 30 feet maximum.
E. Maximum site coverage: 70% BUILDING BUILDING
SIDE STREET
FOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT
B
FRONT STREET
A A
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.71 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.71 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION & ACCESS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Main entrances shall be located along front
street.
ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
B. Each unit may have an individual entry or units
may be accessed from a common entrance
and lobby.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C. On corner lots, units may enter from a secondary
side street individual entry or common entry.
D
SIDE STREET
D. Units may enter from a secondary common
entry or individual entry in the rear of the BUILDING
building. BUILDING
FOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT C
A A
FRONT STREET
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. 3 units minimum, 6 units maximum per building. A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
B. Small Multi-Plex Buildings per lot: 1 maximum. Area.
6.80 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.14 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.72 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.72 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building may have a flat roof with parapet or a
A
pitched (sloped) roof.
E B. Buildings with flat roof shall have a cornice
B
expression line at roofline.
C. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of the
C façade be windows between the finish floor
line of the second story and bottom of cornice
expression line or eave.
D. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
D to Building Frontage options for transparency
F requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
E. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
F. Building shall have an 18” to 32” pilaster or
wall surface every 18 to 30 feet along building
facades facing streets. Pilasters shall extend
vertically from grade to cornice expression line.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.73 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.73 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 10 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
B D D. On Building Type with flat roof option, the height
of parapet wall shall be between 12” minimum
and 4 feet maximum, measured from roof line.
A
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Small Multi-Plex Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 3 frontage configurations applied to the ground
level floor where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Frontage options for the Small Multi-Plex Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following
pages of this sub-section.
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE
MULTI-PLEX
MSW NC NE UR
FRONTAGE OPTION
BUILDING TYPE
DT MS MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
SMALL
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
with STOOP By Right By Right By Right
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right By Right
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.81
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.14 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOOP
DESCRIPTION
In a Stoop Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within a
build-to-zone. The stoop is elevated above the sidewalk.
Steps or a ramp from the stoop may lead directly to the
sidewalk or may be side-loaded.
IMAGE 6.60 SMALL MULTI-PLEX WITH STOOP
STOOP LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.74 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.74 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF BUILDING
street property lines and the main building FACADE
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
connecting the entry door to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper B
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the A
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.82 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.14 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1:
9.01 2: STOOP
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.75 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOOP COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.75 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be elevated
above adjacent grade. Elevated entry doors
shall have one of the following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof. Roof
shall be supported with columns.
G 2. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
cantilevered or supported by brackets or
cables.
FINISH FLOOR LINE C. Depth of stoop landing shall be 4 feet minimum.
SECOND FLOOR
D. Width of stoop landing shall be 5 feet minimum.
A
F E. Stoop shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
ADJACENT F. Transparency: Stoop frontage shall have 10% to
GRADE 50% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
G. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
C B
D
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.83
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.14 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: PROJECTING PORCH
DESCRIPTION
In a Projecting Porch Frontage Type, the facade of the
building that faces the front and / or side streets is setback
a medium distance from the front and side streets, typically
within a build-to-zone. The resulting yard is typically small
and can be defined by a fence or hedge to spatially
maintain the street edge. The projecting porch is open
on three sides and all habitable space of the building is
located behind the rear edge of the porch. The porch is
elevated above the sidewalk. Steps from the porch may
be on the front or side of the porch and shall lead directly
to the sidewalk.
IMAGE 6.61 SMALL MULTI-PLEX WITH PROJECTING PORCH
PROJECTING PORCH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.76 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.76 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side
street property lines and the main building LINE OF BUILDING
SIDE STREET
FACADE
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
FRONT OR
connecting the porch steps to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet A
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper B
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.84 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.14 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: PROJECTING
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
PORCH
ILLUSTRATION 6.77 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS PROJECTING PORCH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.77 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Depth of porch shall be 6 feet minimum.
C. Width of porch shall be 8 feet minimum.
D. Height of porch ceiling, measured from porch
I floor shall be 8 feet minimum.
E. Porch shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR F. Projecting porches shall be open on three sides
(no walls on three sides).
A D
H G. Furniture area shall be 4 feet x 6 feet minimum
clear area.
ADJACENT H. Transparency: Porch frontage shall have 10% to
GRADE 50% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
I. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
B F G F
F
C
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.85
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.14 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: ENGAGED PORCH
DESCRIPTION
In an Engaged Porch Frontage Type, the facade of
the building that faces the front and / or side streets
is setback a medium distance from the front and side
streets, typically within a build-to-zone. The resulting yard
is typically small and can be defined by a fence or hedge
to spatially maintain the street edge. The engaged porch
has two adjacent sides of the porch that are engaged
to the building (connected to and enclosed by building
walls) while the other two sides are open. Steps from the
porch may be on the front or side of the porch and shall
lead directly to the sidewalk.
IMAGE 6.62 SMALL MULTI-PLEX WITH ENGAGED PORCH
ENGAGED PORCH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.78 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.78 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005. LINE OF CURB
LINE OF BUILDING
B. The ground area between the front and side FACADE
street property lines and the main building
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk A
connecting the porch steps to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper B
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.86 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.14 SMALL MULTI-PLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3:
9.03 2: ENGAGED
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
PORCH
ILLUSTRATION 6.79 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS ENGAGED PORCH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.79 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Depth of porch shall be 6 feet minimum.
C. Width of porch shall be 8 feet minimum.
D. Height of porch ceiling, measured from porch
J floor shall be 8 feet minimum.
E. Porch shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR F. Engaged porches shall be open on two sides
(no walls on two sides).
A D
I G. Engaged porches shall have building walls on
two sides.
ADJACENT H. A minimum of 50% of the building facade shall
GRADE project either beyond the line of the porch
ELEVATION DIAGRAM columns or flush with the porch columns.
I. Transparency: Porch frontage shall have 10% to
E 50% of the façade be windows between the
adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
calculation.
BUILDING INTERIOR J. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
G stories.
B F G
C H
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.87
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.88 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.15 ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE is a small- to medium-sized attached structure that consists of 2 to 8 rowhouses placed
side-by-side. This Type is typically located within medium-density neighborhoods or in a location that transitions from
single-family to mixed-use. This Type enables well-designed higher densities. It is an essential Building Type for providing a
broad choice of housing types and promoting walkability.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Rowhouse Building Type. They are intended as examples only
and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based Code
area.
IMAGE 6.63 MUSKEGON ROWHOUSE BUILDING ON WEST CLAY
AVENUE WITH STOOP FRONTAGES IMAGE 6.64 ROWHOUSE BUILDING WITH LIGHTWELL FRONTAGE
IMAGE 6.65 ROWHOUSE BUILDING WITH PROJECTING PORCH
FRONTAGES IMAGE 6.66 ROWHOUSE BUILDING WITH STOOP FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.89
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.15 ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.80 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.80 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 18 feet minimum ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
and 36 feet maximum.
B. Building depth: 20 feet minimum. D D
C. Building may have an attached garage located
in the rear of the building and accessed from C
an alley or side street. Attached garage is not
PROPERTY LINE
permitted if a Carriage House is included on
the parcel.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
SIDE STREET
D. Building may have a Carriage House in lieu B
BUILDING
of an attached garage. Refer to Carriage FOOTPRINT
House Building Type in Section 2006.18 for
requirements.
E. Rowhouses per run of attached units: 2
minimum, 8 maximum.
FRONT STREET
F. Maximum site coverage: 80% including garage
or Carriage House. A A A
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.81 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.81 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) are required to ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
be located at the front and / or side street and
shall be directly accessed from and face the
street. D
B. Entrances to upper floor unit(s) are required to
be located at the front and / or side street and
shall be directly accessed from and face the
PROPERTY LINE
street.
C
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C. Ground floor and upper floor unit(s) are required
SIDE STREET
BUILDING
to have separate entrances. FOOTPRINT
A
D. Carriage House entrances shall be as required
by the Carriage House Building Type in Section
2006.18.
A C A
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Total of 1 unit per building. A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
B. Rowhouse Buildings per lot: 1 maximum. Area.
C. An additional unit is permitted if Carriage
House Building Type is used in conjunction with
the Live / Work Building.
6.90 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.15 ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.82 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.82 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building shall have a flat roof with parapet or a
A
pitched (sloped) roof.
E B. Buildings with flat roof shall have a cornice
B
expression line at roofline.
C. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of the
C façade be windows between the finish floor
line of the second story and bottom of cornice
expression line or eave.
D. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
D F to Building Frontage options for transparency
requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
E. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
F. Building shall have an 18” to 32” pilaster or
wall surface every 18 to 36 feet along building
facades facing streets. Pilasters shall extend
vertically from grade to cornice expression line.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.83 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.83 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 10 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
B D D. On Building Type with flat roof option, the height
of parapet wall shall be between 12” minimum
and 4 feet maximum, measured from roof line.
A
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Rowhouse Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 3 frontage configurations applied to the ground level
floor where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Combination of Frontages: For Rowhouse Building Types, each individual rowhouse within a run, may have a different
frontage than its neighbor. All rowhouses within a run are not required to have the same frontage.
Frontage options for the Rowhouse Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following pages
of this sub-section.
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE
ROWHOUSE
MSW NC NE UR
FRONTAGE OPTION
BUILDING TYPE
DT MS MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
with LIGHTWELL By Right By Right By Right
with STOOP By Right By Right By Right By Right By Right
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.91
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.15 ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: LIGHTWELL
DESCRIPTION
In a Lightwell Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within
a build-to-zone. This frontage has a combined elevated
terrace and sunken lightwell between the building wall
and property line. This frontage type buffers residential
uses from urban sidewalks and removes the private yard
from public encroachment.
IMAGE 6.67 ROWHOUSE BUILDING WITH LIGHTWELL FRONTAGE
LIGHTWELL LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.84 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.84 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF CURB
street property lines and the main building
façade shall have one of the following A
treatments depending on distance from the
property line. LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
1. Distance between building façade and BUILDING
property line is zero (0) to ten (10) feet: FOOTPRINT
B
Ground area shall be paved to match
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
public sidewalk.
2. Distance between building façade and F
property line is greater than ten (10) feet:
Ground area shall be landscaped with
a sidewalk connecting the entry door to PLAN VIEW
the public sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting
entry door and public sidewalk shall have
a width of 5 feet minimum.
C. Required exterior stair from adjacent sidewalk PROPERTY LINE
grade down to sunken lightwell.
D. Required exterior stair from adjacent sidewalk
grade to elevated terrace. A
E. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper LINE OF BUILDING
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the FACADE
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
D
F. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
SECTION VIEW LINE OF CURB
C
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.92 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.15 ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1:
9.01 2: LIGHTWELL
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.85 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS LIGHTWELL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.85 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) is not required to have
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be elevated.
Elevated entry doors shall have one of the
following treatments:
1. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
cantilevered or supported by brackets or
H
cables. (As depicted in the graphic).
2. Uncovered (with no canopy or supported
roof).
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR
C. Depth of required terrace shall be 4 feet
minimum and 8 feet maximum.
A F
B
D. Terrace shall be 3 feet minimum above
adjacent grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
FIRST FLOOR
D E. Depth of required lightwell shall be 6 feet
ADJACENT minimum and 10 feet maximum.
GRADE
F. Transparency First Floor: Lightwell frontage shall
G have 10% to 50% of the façade be windows
FINISH FLOOR LINE between the finish floor line of the first story and
LIGHTWELL (BASEMENT)
the finish floor line of the second story. Entry
ELEVATION DIAGRAM door transparency shall be included as part of
the required transparency calculation.
BUILDING INTERIOR
G. Transparency Lightwell: Lightwell frontage shall
have 10% to 30% of the façade be windows
between the finish floor line of the first story and
the finish floor line of the lightwell (basement).
C E
H. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
I
I. Required 18” to 32” wide pilaster or wall surface
PLAN DIAGRAM
spaced as indicated by Building Type.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.93
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.15 ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: STOOP
DESCRIPTION
In a Stoop Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within a
build-to-zone. The stoop is elevated above the sidewalk.
Steps or a ramp from the stoop may lead directly to the
sidewalk or may be side-loaded.
IMAGE 6.68 ROWHOUSE BUILDING WITH STOOP
STOOP LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.86 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.86 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF BUILDING
street property lines and the main building FACADE
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
connecting the entry door to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper B
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the A
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.94 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.15 ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: STOOP
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.87 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOOP COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.87 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be elevated
above adjacent grade. Elevated entry doors
shall have one of the following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof. Roof
shall be supported with columns.
G 2. Covered with a canopy. Canopy shall be
cantilevered or supported by brackets or
cables. (As depicted in graphic).
3. Uncovered (with no canopy or supported
FINISH FLOOR LINE roof).
SECOND FLOOR
C. Depth of stoop landing shall be 4 feet minimum.
A
F D. Width of stoop landing shall be 5 feet minimum.
E. Stoop shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
ADJACENT grade.
GRADE
ELEVATION DIAGRAM F. Transparency: Stoop frontage shall have 10% to
50% of the façade be windows between the
adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
E second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
calculation.
G. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
BUILDING INTERIOR stories.
C B
D
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.95
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.15 ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: PROJECTING PORCH
DESCRIPTION
In a Projecting Porch Frontage Type, the facade of the
building that faces the front and / or side streets is setback
a medium distance from the front and side streets, typically
within a build-to-zone. The resulting yard is typically small
and can be defined by a fence or hedge to spatially
maintain the street edge. The projecting porch is open
on three sides and all habitable space of the building is
located behind the rear edge of the porch. The porch is
elevated above the sidewalk. Steps from the porch may
be on the front or side of the porch and shall lead directly
to the sidewalk.
IMAGE 6.69 ROWHOUSE BUILDING WITH PROJECTING PORCH
PROJECTING PORCH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.88 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.88 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
B. The ground area between the front and side
street property lines and the main building LINE OF CURB
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
connecting the porch steps to the public B
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the A
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.96 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.15 ROWHOUSE BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3:
9.03 2: PROJECTING
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
PORCH
ILLUSTRATION 6.89 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS PROJECTING PORCH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.89 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Depth of porch shall be 6 feet minimum.
C. Width of porch shall be 8 feet minimum.
D. Height of porch ceiling, measured from porch
I floor shall be 8 feet minimum.
E. Porch shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR F. Projecting porches shall be open on three sides
(no walls on three sides).
A D
H G. Furniture area shall be 4 feet x 6 feet minimum
clear area.
ADJACENT H. Transparency: Porch frontage shall have 10% to
GRADE 50% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
I. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
B F G F
F
C
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.97
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.98 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.16 DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE is a small- to medium-sized detached structure that consists of two side-by-side or stacked
dwelling units, both facing the street and within a single building massing. This Type has the appearance of a medium-
sized single-family house and is appropriately scaled to fit in single family neighborhoods. This Type enables well-designed
higher densities. It is an essential Building Type for providing a broad choice of housing types.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Duplex Building Type. They are intended as examples only
and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based Code
area.
IMAGE 6.70 SIDE-BY-SIDE DUPLEX BUILDING WITH SEPARATE IMAGE 6.71 SIDE-BY-SIDE DUPLEX BUILDING WITH SHARED STOOP
ENGAGED PORCH FRONTAGE FRONTAGE
IMAGE 6.72 STACKED DUPLEX BUILDING WITH SHARED IMAGE 6.73 SIDE-BY-SIDE DUPLEX BUILDING WITH SEPARATE
PROJECTING PORCH FRONTAGE ENGAGED PORCH FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.99
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.16 DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.90 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.90 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 48 feet maximum.
B. Building depth: 20 feet minimum.
ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
C. Building may have an attached garage located
in the rear of the building and accessed from
an alley or side street. Attached garage is not D
permitted if a Carriage House is included on
the parcel.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C
D. Building may have a Carriage House in lieu
SIDE STREET
of an attached garage. Refer to Carriage BUILDING BUILDING
House Building Type in Section 2006.18 for FOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT
requirements. B
E. Maximum site coverage: 50% including garage
or Carriage House.
FRONT STREET
A A
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.91 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.91 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Entrances to ground floor unit(s) are required to
be located at the front and / or side street and
shall be directly accessed from and face the
street. ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
B. Entrances to upper floor unit(s) are required to
be located at the front and / or side street and C
shall be directly accessed from and face the
street.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C. Carriage House entrances shall be as required
SIDE STREET
by the Carriage House Building Type in Section B
BUILDING BUILDING
2006.18. FOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT
A
A B
FRONT STREET
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Total of 2 units per building. A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
B. Duplex Buildings per lot: 1 maximum. Area.
C. An additional unit is permitted if Carriage
House Building Type is used in conjunction with
the Duplex Building.
6.100 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.16 DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.92 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.92 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building shall have a pitched (sloped) roof that
A
is compatible to the surrounding residential
architecture.
D
B. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of the
façade be windows between the finish floor line
of the second story and bottom of the eave.
B
C. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
to Building Frontage options for transparency
requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
C
D. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.93 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.93 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 9 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
B
A
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Duplex Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 3 frontage configurations applied to the ground level floor
where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Frontage options for the Duplex Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following pages of
this sub-section.
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE MSW NC NE UR
DUPLEX
FRONTAGE OPTION
BUILDING TYPE
DT MS MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
with STOOP By Right By Right
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.101
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.16 DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOOP
DESCRIPTION
In a Stoop Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within a
build-to-zone. The stoop is elevated above the sidewalk.
Steps or a ramp from the stoop may lead directly to the
sidewalk or may be side-loaded.
IMAGE 6.74 DUPLEX BUILDING WITH SEPARATE STOOPS
STOOP LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.94 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.94 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF BUILDING
street property lines and the main building FACADE
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
connecting the entry door to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting stoop and
public sidewalk shall be minimum 5 feet wide.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the B
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003. A
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into PLAN VIEW
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.102 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.16 DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1:
9.01 2: STOOP
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.95 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOOP COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.95 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be elevated
above adjacent grade. Elevated entry doors
shall have one of the following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof. Roof
shall be supported with columns. (As
G
depicted in the graphic).
C. Depth of stoop landing shall be 4 feet minimum.
FINISH FLOOR LINE D. Width of stoop landing shall be 5 feet minimum.
SECOND FLOOR
E. Stoop shall be 12” minimum above adjacent
grade.
F
A
F. Transparency: Stoop frontage shall have 40% to
60% of the façade be windows between the
ADJACENT adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
GRADE second story. Entry door transparency shall be
ELEVATION DIAGRAM included as part of the required transparency
calculation.
E G. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
C B
D
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.103
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.16 DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: PROJECTING PORCH
DESCRIPTION
In a Projecting Porch Frontage Type, the facade of the
building that faces the front and / or side streets is setback
a medium distance from the front and side streets, typically
within a build-to-zone. The resulting yard is typically small
and can be defined by a fence or hedge to spatially
maintain the street edge. The projecting porch is open
on three sides and all habitable space of the building is
located behind the rear edge of the porch. The porch is
elevated above the sidewalk. Steps from the porch may
be on the front or side of the porch and shall lead directly
to the sidewalk.
IMAGE 6.75 DUPLEX WITH PROJECTING PORCH
PROJECTING PORCH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.96 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.96 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side
street property lines and the main building LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
connecting the porch steps to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and A
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the B
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.104 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.16 DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: PROJECTING
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
PORCH
ILLUSTRATION 6.97 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS PROJECTING PORCH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.97 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Depth of porch shall be 6 feet minimum.
C. Width of porch shall be 8 feet minimum.
D. Height of porch ceiling, measured from porch
I floor shall be 8 feet minimum.
E. Porch shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR F. Projecting porches shall be open on three sides
(no walls on three sides).
A D
H G. Furniture area shall be 4 feet x 6 feet minimum
clear area.
ADJACENT H. Transparency: Porch frontage shall have 10% to
GRADE 50% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
I. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
B F G F
F
C
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.105
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.16 DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: ENGAGED PORCH
DESCRIPTION
In an Engaged Porch Frontage Type, the facade of
the building that faces the front and / or side streets
is setback a medium distance from the front and side
streets, typically within a build-to-zone. The resulting yard
is typically small and can be defined by a fence or hedge
to spatially maintain the street edge. The engaged porch
has two adjacent sides of the porch that are engaged
to the building (connected to and enclosed by building
walls) while the other two sides are open. Steps from the
porch may be on the front or side of the porch and shall
lead directly to the sidewalk.
IMAGE 6.76 DUPLEX WITH SEPARATE ENGAGED PORCH
ENGAGED PORCH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.98 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.98 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005. LINE OF CURB
LINE OF BUILDING
B. The ground area between the front and side FACADE
street property lines and the main building
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk A
connecting the porch steps to the public BUILDING
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper B
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.106 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.16 DUPLEX BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3:
9.03 2: ENGAGED
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
PORCH
ILLUSTRATION 6.99 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS ENGAGED PORCH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.99 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Depth of porch shall be 6 feet minimum.
C. Width of porch shall be 8 feet minimum.
D. Height of porch ceiling, measured from porch
J floor shall be 8 feet minimum.
E. Porch shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR F. Engaged porches shall be open on two sides
(no walls on two sides).
A D
I G. Engaged porches shall have building walls on
two sides.
ADJACENT H. A minimum of 50% of the building facade shall
GRADE project either beyond the line of the porch
ELEVATION DIAGRAM columns or flush with the porch columns.
I. Transparency: Porch frontage shall have 10% to
E 50% of the façade be windows between the
adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
calculation.
BUILDING INTERIOR J. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
G stories.
B F G
C H
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.107
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.108 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.17 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE is a small- to medium-sized detached structure that incorporates one dwelling unit.
It is typically located within a primarily single-family neighborhood in a walkable urban setting. This Type enables well-
designed higher densities. It is an essential Building Type for providing a broad choice of housing types.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Detached House Building Type. They are intended as
examples only and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon
Form Based Code area.
IMAGE 6.77 MUSKEGON DETACHED HOUSE ON WEST WEBSTER IMAGE 6.78 MUSKEGON DETACHED HOUSE ON HOUSTON
AVENUE WITH UNCOVERED STOOP FRONTAGE AVENUE WITH PROJECTING PORCH FRONTAGE
IMAGE 6.79 MUSKEGON DETACHED HOUSE ON SANFORD IMAGE 6.80 MUSKEGON DETACHED HOUSE ON SANFORD STREET
STREET WITH COVERED STOOP FRONTAGE WITH PROJECTING PORCH FRONTAGE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.109
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.17 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.100 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.100 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width at front street: 36 feet maximum.
B. Building depth: 20 feet minimum.
ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
C. Building may have an attached garage located
in the rear of the building and accessed from
an alley or side street. Attached garage is not D
permitted if a Carriage House is included on
the parcel.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C
D. Building may have a Carriage House in lieu
SIDE STREET
of an attached garage. Refer to Carriage
BUILDING BUILDING
House Building Type in Section 2006.18 for FOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT
requirements. B
E. Maximum site coverage: 50% including garage
or Carriage House.
FRONT STREET
A A
4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS
Refer to Illustration 6.101 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.101 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Main entrance is required to be located at the
front and shall be directly accessed from and
face the street.
ALLEY OR REAR ACCESS
B. Carriage House entrances shall be as required
by the Carriage House Building Type in Section
2006.18. B
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
SIDE STREET
BUILDING BUILDING
FOOTPRINT FOOTPRINT
A A
FRONT STREET
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Total of 1 unit per building. A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
B. Detached House Buildings per lot: 1 maximum. Area.
C. An additional unit is permitted if Carriage
House Building Type is used in conjunction with
the Duplex Building.
6.110 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.17 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.102 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.102 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A. Building shall have a pitched (sloped) roof that
A
is compatible to the surrounding residential
architecture.
D
B. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of the
façade be windows between the finish floor line
of the second story and bottom of the eave.
B
C. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Refer
to Building Frontage options for transparency
requirements at the street and sidewalk level.
C
D. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.103 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.103 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 9 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
C. Overall height of Building Type is regulated by
Context Area, refer to Section 2005.
C
B
A
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Detached House Building Type is required to have 1 of the following 3 frontage configurations applied to the ground
level floor where it abuts front and side streets, civic space, and / or public rights-of-way.
Frontage options for the Detached House Building Type are provided in the table below and described on the following
pages of this sub-section.
CONTEXT AREAS
BUILDING TYPE MSW NC NE UR
DETACHED
FRONTAGE OPTION
BUILDING TYPE
DT MS MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
HOUSE
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
with STOOP By Right By Right
with PROJECTING PORCH By Right By Right
with ENGAGED PORCH By Right By Right
Shaded areas represent Public Realm Context Areas where Building Type is not permitted.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.111
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.17 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
9.01 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1: STOOP
DESCRIPTION
In a Stoop Frontage Type, the facade of the building
that faces the front and / or side streets is setback a small
distance from the front and side streets, typically within a
build-to-zone. The stoop is elevated above the sidewalk.
Steps or a ramp from the stoop may lead directly to the
sidewalk or may be side-loaded.
IMAGE 6.81 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING WITH STOOP
STOOP LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.104 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.104 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side LINE OF BUILDING
street property lines and the main building FACADE
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
connecting the entry door to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting stoop and
public sidewalk shall be minimum 5 feet wide.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the B
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003. A
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into PLAN VIEW
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.112 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.17 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 1:
9.01 2: STOOP
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
ILLUSTRATION 6.105 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS STOOP COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.105 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Entry door(s) are required to be elevated
above adjacent grade. Elevated entry doors
shall have one of the following treatments:
1. Covered with a supported roof. Roof
shall be supported with columns. (As
G
depicted in the graphic).
2. Uncovered (with no canopy or supported
roof).
FINISH FLOOR LINE C. Depth of stoop landing shall be 4 feet minimum.
SECOND FLOOR
D. Width of stoop landing shall be 5 feet minimum.
F
A E. Stoop shall be 12” minimum above adjacent
grade.
ADJACENT F. Transparency: Stoop frontage shall have 40% to
GRADE 60% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
G. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
C B
D
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.113
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.17 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
9.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: PROJECTING PORCH
DESCRIPTION
In a Projecting Porch Frontage Type, the facade of the
building that faces the front and / or side streets is setback
a medium distance from the front and side streets, typically
within a build-to-zone. The resulting yard is typically small
and can be defined by a fence or hedge to spatially
maintain the street edge. The projecting porch is open
on three sides and all habitable space of the building is
located behind the rear edge of the porch. The porch is
elevated above the sidewalk. Steps from the porch may
be on the front or side of the porch and shall lead directly
to the sidewalk.
IMAGE 6.82 DETACHED HOME WITH PROJECTING PORCH
PROJECTING PORCH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.106 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.106 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005.
LINE OF CURB
B. The ground area between the front and side
street property lines and the main building LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
connecting the porch steps to the public BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet A
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper
B
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.114 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.17 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 2: PROJECTING
9.02 BALCONY-STOREFRONT
PORCH
ILLUSTRATION 6.107 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS PROJECTING PORCH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.107 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Depth of porch shall be 6 feet minimum.
C. Width of porch shall be 8 feet minimum.
D. Height of porch ceiling, measured from porch
I floor shall be 8 feet minimum.
E. Porch shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR F. Projecting porches shall be open on three sides
(no walls on three sides).
A D
H G. Furniture area shall be 4 feet x 6 feet minimum
clear area.
ADJACENT H. Transparency: Porch frontage shall have 10% to
GRADE 50% of the façade be windows between the
ELEVATION DIAGRAM adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
E calculation.
I. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
stories.
BUILDING INTERIOR
B F G F
F
C
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.115
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.17 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
9.03 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3: ENGAGED PORCH
DESCRIPTION
In an Engaged Porch Frontage Type, the facade of
the building that faces the front and / or side streets
is setback a medium distance from the front and side
streets, typically within a build-to-zone. The resulting yard
is typically small and can be defined by a fence or hedge
to spatially maintain the street edge. The engaged porch
has two adjacent sides of the porch that are engaged
to the building (connected to and enclosed by building
walls) while the other two sides are open. Steps from the
porch may be on the front or side of the porch and shall
lead directly to the sidewalk.
IMAGE 6.83 DETACHED HOUSE WITH ENGAGED PORCH
ENGAGED PORCH LOCATION REQUIREMENTS ILLUSTRATION 6.108 FRONTAGE LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.108 for frontage location graphic
reference.
A. The building facade(s) are required to be
placed within a build-to-zone as required by
the building site placement requirements in the PROPERTY LINE
Context Area section. Refer to Section 2005. LINE OF CURB
LINE OF BUILDING
B. The ground area between the front and side FACADE
street property lines and the main building
façade shall be landscaped with a sidewalk A
connecting the porch steps to the public BUILDING
SIDE STREET
FRONT OR
FOOTPRINT
sidewalk. Sidewalk connecting entry door and
public sidewalk shall have a width of 5 feet
minimum.
C. Balconies, awnings, canopies, cornices, upper B
bays, and projecting signs may extend into the
public right-of-way per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PLAN VIEW
D. Stoops, wells, and / or steps may extend into
required setbacks per the requirements of the
encroachment section in Section 2003.
PROPERTY LINE
A
LINE OF BUILDING
FACADE
D
LINE OF CURB
SECTION VIEW
HATCHED AREA REPRESENTS THE BUILD-TO-ZONE. REFER TO
SECTION 2005 FOR THE LOCATION OF BUILD-TO-ZONE FOR
SPECIFIC CONTEXT AREAS.
6.116 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.17 DETACHED HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
7.02 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTION 3:
9.03 2: ENGAGED
BALCONY-STOREFRONT
PORCH
ILLUSTRATION 6.109 FRONTAGE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS ENGAGED PORCH COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
Refer to Illustration 6.109 for frontage composition graphic
reference.
A. Entry door(s) shall have 25% minimum
transparency.
B. Depth of porch shall be 6 feet minimum.
C. Width of porch shall be 8 feet minimum.
D. Height of porch ceiling, measured from porch
J floor shall be 8 feet minimum.
E. Porch shall be 18” minimum above adjacent
grade.
FINISH FLOOR LINE
SECOND FLOOR F. Engaged porches shall be open on two sides
(no walls on two sides).
A D
I G. Engaged porches shall have building walls on
two sides.
ADJACENT H. A minimum of 33% of the building facade shall
GRADE project either beyond the line of the porch
ELEVATION DIAGRAM columns or flush with the porch columns.
I. Transparency: Porch frontage shall have 10% to
E 50% of the façade be windows between the
adjacent grade and the finish floor line of the
second story. Entry door transparency shall be
included as part of the required transparency
calculation.
BUILDING INTERIOR J. Transparency Upper Stories: Refer to Building
Type for transparency requirements of upper
G stories.
B F G
C H
PLAN DIAGRAM
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.117
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.118 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.18 CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE is an accessory structure typically located at the rear of a lot. It typically provides
either a small residential unit or home office space above the first floor garage. This Type is important for providing
affordable housing choices that are integrated into diverse neighborhoods. This Type shall only be used in conjunction
with the Detached House, Duplex, Rowhouse, Live/Work, or Small Multi-plex Building Types.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Carriage House Building Type. They are intended as examples
only and should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based
Code area.
IMAGE 6.84 CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING IMAGE 6.85 CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING
IMAGE 6.87 LARGE CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING SUITABLE FOR
IMAGE 6.86 CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING WITH EXTERIOR STAIR USE WITH LIVE/WORK BUILDING TYPE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.119
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.18 CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING
Refer to Illustration 6.110 for Building Type size and massing ILLUSTRATION 6.110 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
graphic representation.
A. Building width (side facing street): 36 feet
maximum. A B
ALLEY OR REAR
B. Building depth: 30 feet minimum. ACCESS
C. Separation from main building: 10 feet
minimum. Carriage house may be connected BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
BUILDING
FOOTPRINT A
to the main building with an uninhabitable
space such as a breezeway.
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
C
D. Carriage House Building Type is only allowed on
lots where the main building has a residential
MAIN MAIN
SIDE STREET
use and is one of the following building types:
BUILDING BUILDING
1. Small Multi-plex Building Type
2. Live / Work Building Type
3. Rowhouse Building Type
4. Duplex Building Type
5. Detached House Building Type
FRONT STREET
E. Maximum site coverage: Lot coverage of
carriage house shall be included in the lot
coverage requirements of the main building.
F. Building footprint shall not exceed the footprint
of the main building on the lot.
4.0 PEDESTRIAN ACCESS, VEHICLE ACCESS, AND PARKING
Refer to Illustration 6.111 for Building Type ground floor ILLUSTRATION 6.111 BUILDING SIZE AND MASS
activation and pedestrian access graphic representation.
A. Main entrance is required to be accessed from
the alley, side street, or internal to the lot.
ALLEY OR REAR
B. Main entrance shall not be through a garage. B
ACCESS
A
C. Parking may be accessed from the alley, side A
street, or front street. BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
BUILDING
FOOTPRINT
D. Parking may be accessed from the front street
PROPERTY LINE
PROPERTY LINE
B
only when there is no adjacent alley or side A
street.
MAIN MAIN
BUILDING BUILDING SIDE STREET
FRONT STREET
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units per Building Type: Building Type use:
A. Total of 1 unit per building. A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
B. Carriage House Buildings per lot: 1 maximum. Area.
6.120 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.18 CARRIAGE HOUSE BUILDING TYPE
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS
ILLUSTRATION 6.112 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS Refer to Illustration 6.112 for Building Type facade
composition requirements.
A A. Building shall have a flat roof with cornice
expression line or pitched (sloped) roof that is
compatible with the architecture of the main
D B
building.
C B. Transparency Upper Stories: Building facades
facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of the
façade be windows between the finish floor line
of the second story and bottom of the cornice
expression line or eave.
OUTLINE
OF MAIN C. Transparency Street / Sidewalk Level: Building
BUILDING facades facing streets shall have 10% to 50% of
the façade be windows between the adjacent
grade and the finish floor line of the second
story.
D. Upper windows shall be square or vertically
proportioned with clear glass. Refer to definitions
in Division 11 for clear glass requirements.
8.0 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT
ILLUSTRATION 6.113 BUILDING TYPE STORY HEIGHT Refer to Illustration 6.113 for Building Type story height
requirements.
A. Ground floor ceiling shall be 8 feet minimum.
B. Upper floor ceilings shall be 8 feet minimum.
C. Overall height of Building Type shall not exceed
the height of the main building on the lot.
C
B
A
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
The Carriage House Building Type is not required to have a frontage type.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.121
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
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6.122 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2006 BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS
2006.19 CIVIC BUILDING TYPE
1.0 BUILDING TYPE DESCRIPTION
The CIVIC BUILDING TYPE is a small-, medium- or large-sized detached structure that incorporates uses of special public
importance including, but not limited to municipal buildings, churches, libraries and schools. Civic Buildings typically have less
form regulations than other Building Types because their prominence within the community requires more iconic and distinctive
form.
2.0 PRECEDENT OF CIVIC BUILDING TYPE
The following images represent precedent examples of the Civic Building Type. They are intended as examples only and
should be used for inspiration in the creation of this Building Type for projects within the Muskegon Form Based Code area.
IMAGE 6.88 MUSKEGON CIVIC BUILDING (FORMER FIRESTATION) IMAGE 6.89 MUSKEGON CIVIC BUILDING (HACKLEY LIBRARY)
ON WEST WALTON AVENUE ON WEST WEBSTER STREET
IMAGE 6.90 MUSKEGON CIVIC BUILDING ON WEST WESTERN IMAGE 6.91 MUSKEGON CIVIC BUILDING (MUSEUM OF ART) ON
AVENUE WEST WEBSTER AVENUE
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 6.123
BUILDING TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2006
2006.19 CIVIC BUILDING TYPE
3.0 BUILDING SIZE AND MASSING 4.0 GROUND FLOOR ACTIVATION
Civic Building size and massing is not regulated by this Civic Building ground floor activation is not regulated by
Form Based Code. Generally Civic Buildings shall have a this Form Based Code. Generally Civic Buildings shall have
significant presence within the community. an activated ground floor with pedestrian entrances and
windows facing street, rights-of-way, and civic space.
5.0 NUMBER OF UNITS 6.0 USE
Number of units is not applicable to this Building Type. Building Type use:
A. Uses are regulated by Context Area. Refer to
Section 2005 for permitted uses in each Context
Area.
7.0 FACADE COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS 8.0 BUILDING HEIGHT
Civic Building facade composition is not regulated by this Overall height of Building Type is regulated by Context
Form Based Code. Generally Civic Buildings shall have Area, refer to Section 2005.
a design elements and materials that represent their
significant presence within the community.
Facade composition should be respectful and compatible
with the surrounding context.
9.0 BUILDING TYPE FRONTAGE OPTIONS
Civic Building frontages are not regulated by this Form
Based Code. Generally Civic Buildings shall have
a frontage that allows for pedestrian access and
transparency that represent their significant presence
within the community.
6.124 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS
2007.00 PURPOSE While the thoroughfares of all Public Realms will
Section 2007 identifies Public Realm Type Standards appropriately balance pedestrian and automobile
established for each of the Context Areas within the needs, their character will vary by specific location.
City of Muskegon Form Based Code. Each of the Public Some thoroughfares will carry a large volume of both
Realm Types is defined by a Public Realm Assembly which automobile and pedestrian traffic and provide a more
includes the attributes which may occur within the public intense urban experience while others will provide more
right-of-way for specific Public Realms. intimately scaled streets and public space.
Attributes for each Public Realm Type include standards The Public Realm Type Standards illustrate typical
for sidewalks, street tree planting, thoroughfares (vehicular configurations for the rights-of-way within the Form Based
zones), on-street parking, streetscapes, and bike lanes. Code District. The City will configure and adjust these
These standards ensure that the Public Realm is consistent as necessary for specific conditions with the intent of
with the desires and outcomes of the 2003 Imagine balancing access and mobility for all users.
Muskegon Plan, the 2008 Downtown and Lakeshore
Redevelopment Plan, and the 2015 City of Muskegon When balancing this mobility choice, street design
Parking Strategy. shall consider the safety, comfort, and convenience
of pedestrians, bicyclists, transit users, and motor
Public Realm Standards support the urban form that vehicle drivers. Balance in all types of transportation
is required by the Muskegon Form Based Code and and development of transportation infrastructure shall
should be considered when streets and sidewalks are accommodate all users, so that even the most vulnerable
reconstructed within the Form Based Code District. – children, elderly, and persons with disabilities – can use
and travel safely within the public rights-of-way.
2007.01 APPLICABILITY
The City of Muskegon will configure and adjust the Public To create these balanced streets, a pedestrian-first policy
Realm Types as necessary for specific conditions. In should establish modal hierarchy. This modal hierarchy
instances where private development participates with (refer to figure below) inverts the dominant, auto-based
the City for public realm improvements, these standards paradigm so that downtown Muskegon’s transportation
shall be coordinated with the City of Muskegon. network can grow safely, sustainably, and equitably into
the 21st Century.
2007.02 PUBLIC REALM MOBILITY CHOICE
The Public Realm and the thoroughfares that they When considering public realm improvements within
represent are intended to balance the needs of all types the Form Based Code District, transportation projects
of traffic—auto, bicycle, and pedestrian—to maximize and programs, from design to implementation to
mobility and convenience for all the citizens and users of maintenance, should favor pedestrians first, then transit
the respective Context Areas within the Muskegon Form riders, cyclists, and finally, vehicular traffic.
Based Code District.
PEDESTRIAN FIRST MODAL HIERARCHY
1 PEDESTRIAN
2 TRANSIT
3 BICYCLE
4 AUTO
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 7.1
PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2007
2007.03 STANDARDS FOR ALL PUBLIC REALM TYPES I. Transit facilities, when placed on a street shall
The following standards apply to all Public Realm Types: be placed in the Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree
A. Public Realm Assemblies are intended for use Zone and shall not interfere with pedestrian
by vehicular, bike, and pedestrian traffic and to movement or access.
provide access to lots and civic spaces. Public
Realm Assemblies shall generally consist of J. Green infrastructure should be placed in The
vehicular lanes (the thoroughfare) and public Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone whenever
spaces that include sidewalks (the people possible to manage storm water, mitigate
zone). heat island effect, provide small green spaces,
improve air quality, and provide habitats for
B. Public Realm Assemblies shall be designed in birds and animals.
context with the physical form of the Context
Areas that they pass through. K. Temporary sandwich board signs shall be
placed in the Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree
C. All Public Realm Assemblies shall intersect Zone and shall not interfere with pedestrian
with other Public Realm Assemblies, forming movement or access.
a complete network. Where topographical
or natural features exist that restrict the ability L. Mechanical, electrical, and phone equipment
to form a network, a pedestrian connection may not be located or stored within the Public
shall be made, whenever technically feasible. Realm.
Cul-de-sacs shall be subject to approval to 1. In instances where mechanical,
accommodate specific site conditions only. electrical, or phone equipment can not
be placed in non-Public Realm locations
D. Public Realm Assemblies may include vehicular (such as parking lots, alleys, or behind
lanes, parking lanes, medians, access, and buildings), the equipment shall be
transportation provisions such as bicycle and placed as follows:
transit facilities. The suggested standards for i. Equipment shall be placed in
vehicular lanes, parking lanes, medians, and the Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree
other transportation provisions are provided in Zone within a curbed landscaped
each Public Realm Assembly. area.
ii. Equipment shall be screened with
E. Pedestrian comfort shall be a primary landscape material to buffer it
consideration of the Public Realm Assembly from the public realm.
(refer to 2007.02 of this Section). Design conflict
between vehicular and pedestrian movement K. Street lighting shall be placed in the Sidewalk
generally shall be decided in favor of the Furnishing and Tree Zone.
pedestrian. 1. Street lighting shall be pedestrian-scaled
decorative fixtures whenever practical.
F. All Public Realm Sidewalk Walking Zones and The use of cobra head lights should be
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zones shall be avoided.
maintained by the adjacent property owner, 2. Street lights shall meet the requirements
Property Owners Association, or Business of Section 2003.09 of the Muskegon Form
Owners Association. Based Code.
G. Private trash containers and garbage cans (not L. Except for tree trunks, street lights, public
including public sidewalk waste bins), may not art, monuments, or excepted mechanical/
be stored or located within any Public Realm. electrical/phone equipment (per item J,
above) there shall be a clear view between
H. Bicycle racks, public art, public waste bins, two and seven feet above grade in all Public
benches, and other street furnishings shall be Realm Assemblies. The foliage of newly planted
placed in the Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree trees may intrude into this area until the tree
Zone and shall not interfere with pedestrian has sufficient growth to allow such a clear trunk
movement or access. height.
7.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS
M. Street Tree Requirements:
1. Street trees shall be a minimum of 2 inch
caliper when planted.
2. In Public Realm Assemblies that indicate
a regular spacing, trees shall be planted
within the Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree
Zone at an average spacing not greater
than 30 feet on center (per block face).
3. In Public Realm Assemblies that have
a paved Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree
Zone, street trees shall be placed in a tree
pit with structural soil and/or expanded
tree pit whenever technically feasible.
N. All plant material (including street trees) shall
conform to the standards of the American
Association of Nurserymen and shall have
passed any inspections required under local or
state regulations.
O. Turf and Groundcover in the Public Realm (and
visible from the Public Realm) shall meet the
following requirements:
1. All turf grass must be solidly sodded at
installation—not seeded, sprigged, or
plugged.
2. Vegetative groundcovers may be used
in place of turf grass.
3. In addition to the lot, the owner must
maintain the portion of the Public Realm
Assembly between their lot line and the
back of curb and the portion of any alley
between the lot line(s) and the edge of
pavement.
P. On-Street Parking Requirements:
1. The parking space/tree planting pattern
may be interrupted by existing or new
driveways and transit stops/stations.
2. Parking spaces may be interrupted by
bulb-outs at street crossing locations.
Q. A bicycle network consisting of protected
bicycle lanes, dedicated bicycle lanes,
sharrows (shared lanes) or other bicycle
routes should be provided throughout the
community. The community bicycle network
shall be connected to existing or proposed
regional networks wherever possible. The City
of Muskegon will coordinate bike facilities for
each assembly. Refer to Section 2007.04 for
bicycle facilities.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 7.3
PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2007
2007.04 BICYCLE FACILITIES
Many of the Public Realm Assemblies within the Muskegon Form Based Code are intended to accommodate bicycles in
the thoroughfare (vehicular lanes). While not all Public Realm Assemblies will have bike facilities, a connected network
should be considered when redesigning or reconfiguring the downtown streets.
The Public Realm Types described in this section indicate three different levels of bicycle facilities for the thoroughfare.
These facilities are as follows and will be coordinated by the City of Muskegon when practically and technically feasible:
PROTECTED BIKE LANE
Protected bike lanes have a physical barrier or vertical separation between moving motor vehicle traffic and bicyclists.
Examples of a physical barrier or vertical separation include plastic posts, bollards, curbs, planters, raised bumps or
parked cars.
DEDICATED BIKE LANE
A bicycle lane is a portion of the roadway that has been designated by striping, signing, and pavement markings for
the preferential use of bicyclists.
SHARROW (SHARED LANE)
A shared lane marking within a vehicular travel lane of a street’s surface that indicates that bicyclists may use any
portion of the full width of the travel lane.
7.4 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS
2007.05 PUBLIC REALM TYPE OVERVIEW
Public Realm Types for the Muskegon Form Based Code are summarized as follows:
BOULEVARD
A local, slow movement thoroughfare suitable for CONTEXT AREAS
high intensity urban areas. Boulevards are urban
DT MS
in character, with angled or parallel parking on DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
both sides, a center median, and narrow vehicle
travel lanes that support an urban commercial MSW NC
environment. Bikes may be accommodated with
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
protected bike lanes, dedicated bike lanes, and/
or sharrows (shared lane with cars). Transit may also NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
be accommodated along these thoroughfares. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
COMMERCIAL STREET
CONTEXT AREAS
A local, slow movement thoroughfare suitable for
high intensity urban areas. Commercial Streets are DT MS
urban in character, supporting parallel parking DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
on both sides with narrow vehicle travel lanes
that support an urban commercial environment. MSW NC
Bikes may be accommodated with protected
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
bike lanes, dedicated bike lanes, and/or sharrows
(shared lane with cars). Transit may also be NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
accommodated along these thoroughfares. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
TRANSITIONAL STREET
CONTEXT AREAS
A local, slow movement thoroughfare suitable for
medium to high intensity urban areas. Transitional MS
DT
Streets are urban in character, supporting parallel DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
parking on both sides with narrow vehicle travel
lanes that support an urban commercial or high MSW NC
density residential environment.
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
PARKWAY STREET
CONTEXT AREAS
A local, slow movement thoroughfare suitable for
general urban areas. Parkway Streets are urban DT MS
in character, supporting parallel parking on one DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
or both sides with narrow vehicle travel lanes that
support a variety of different frontages and uses. MSW NC
Bikes are accommodated with dedicated bike
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
lanes and/or sharrows (shared lane with cars).
NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
ARTERIAL
A thoroughfare suitable for general urban areas CONTEXT AREAS
that connects to a regional transportation system.
The Arterial is less urban in character than other DT MS
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
thoroughfares in the Muskegon Form Based Code
District. Medium to large width vehicle travel lanes MSW NC
support a variety of frontages and uses. The Arterial MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
Public Realm supports vehicular movement as a WATERFRONT CORE
first priority and should be used only in instances
NE UR
where other Public Realm Types can not support a NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
high level of service for vehicular traffic. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
WATERFRONT EDGE
In Section 2007, Muskegon’s downtown waterfront CONTEXT AREAS
is considered a public realm and acts as both
a thoroughfare for bikes and pedestrians and DT MS
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
as a public space for commercial, residential,
and recreational activity. The space is urban MSW NC
in character with fronts of buildings and active MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
frontages facing the waterfront. Bikes are WATERFRONT CORE
accommodated with a dedicated bike lane that
NE UR
connects to the city’s existing and proposed bike NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
network. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
Context Areas represented in black indicate that Public Realm Type is not typically allowed in that Context Area.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 7.5
PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2007
2007.06 BOULEVARD
1.0 BOULEVARD DESCRIPTION
A local, slow movement thoroughfare suitable for high intensity urban
areas. Boulevards are urban in character, with angled or parallel
parking on both sides, a center median, and narrow vehicle travel
lanes that support an urban commercial environment. Bikes may
be accommodated with protected bike lanes, dedicated bike
lanes, and/or sharrows (shared lane with cars). Transit may also be
accommodated along these thoroughfares.
IMAGE 7.01 BOULEVARD: WESTERN AVENUE
2.0 BOULEVARD ASSEMBLY
The following cross-section illustrates a typical configuration for the BOULEVARD Public Realm Type. The City of Muskegon
will configure and adjust this assembly as necessary for specific conditions. This assembly addresses sidewalks, furnishing
zones, street tree planting, on-street parking configurations, vehicular traffic lanes, and bike facilities.
PEOPLE ZONES THOROUGHFARE: VEHICULAR ZONES PEOPLE ZONES
RIGHT-OF-WAY: THE PUBLIC REALM
(WIDTH VARIES PER LOCAL CONDITIONS)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
MEDIAN: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
BIKE TRAVEL ZONE (SHARROW)
BIKE TRAVEL ZONE (SHARROW)
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Minimum width for diagonal = 17 feet
Minimum width for diagonal = 17 feet
Minimum Width for parallel = 7 feet
Minimum Width for parallel = 7 feet
ON-STREET PARKING ZONE
ON-STREET PARKING ZONE
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 15 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 15 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 25 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 15 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 15 feet
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
Ideal width = 10 feet
Ideal width = 10 feet
Note: This drawing is for illustrative purposes only. Refer to City of Muskegon for the situation specific to your site.
7.6 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS
2007.06 BOULEVARD
3.0 BOULEVARD ASSEMBLY KEY
The following information provides a description and recommended dimensional range for attributes of the Public Realm
Configuration on the facing page. The City of Muskegon will configure and adjust these dimensions as necessary for
specific conditions.
Building Type and Frontage Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that is defined by the building wall
at the sidewalk.
■■ Refer to Section 2005 for Context Zone of parcel
■■ Refer to Section 2006 for Building Type requirements
■■ Building Type will indicate frontage options for building wall facing the street and sidewalk
Sidewalk Walking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated exclusively to pedestrian activity.
The following are typical attributes of the Sidewalk Walking Zone:
■■ Minimum Width of Sidewalk: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Sidewalk: Between 10 to 15 feet
■■ Paving Material for Sidewalk: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating
street trees, planters, street lighting, sidewalk signs, and seating. The following are typical attributes of the
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone:
■■ Minimum Recommended Width of Furnishing Zone: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Furnishing Zone: Between 10 to 15 feet
■■ Street Tree Planter Type: Required tree pit with structural soil and/or expanded tree pit recommended
■■ Street Tree Planting Arrangement: Formal with regular spaced canopy and/or understory trees
■■ Paving Material for Furnishing Zone: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers
Curb and Gutter Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that vertically separates the thoroughfare
(vehicular zone) from the pedestrian zones while providing stormwater management and drainage.
■■ Typical Width of Curb and Gutter Zone: 2 feet
■■ Curb Type: Raised
■■ Ideal Curb Radius: Small as possible to promote slower speeds and encourage walkability
On-street Parking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to on-street automobile parking.
It is the zone that separates people from vehicular traffic. The following are typical attributes of the On-
street Parking Zone:
■■ Parking Lane Configuration: Diagonal and/or parallel on both sides of street, when possible
■■ Parking Lane Minimum Width: 17 feet for diagonal and 7 feet for parallel
■■ Bulb-outs within the Parking Zone are encouraged at intersections and/or at mid-block crossings
Vehicle Travel Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to vehicular travel. The following are
typical attributes of the Vehicle Travel Zone:
■■ Movement Type: Slow
■■ Ideal Travel Lane Width: 10 feet
■■ Target Speed: 25 to 30 MPH
■■ Ideal Number of Travel Lanes: One in each direction
Bike Lane Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating bicycle traffic. The
following are typical attributes of the Bike Lane Zone:
■■ Accommodation for Bicycle Traffic (when possible): Shared lane with automobile traffic (Sharrow)
(as depicted in the facing graphic). May also be protected or dedicated bike lane.
■■ Bike Lane Designation: Pavement markings and signage
Median Furnishing and Tree Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating
street trees, planters, and street lighting, specific to the Boulevard Type. The following are typical attributes
of the Median Furnishing and Tree Zone:
■■ Minimum Recommended Width: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width: Between 10 to 25 feet
■■ Street Tree Planter: Continuous landscaped area (no tree pits)
■■ Street Tree Planting Arrangement: Formal with regular spaced canopy and/or understory trees
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 7.7
PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2007
2007.07 COMMERCIAL STREET
1.0 COMMERCIAL STREET DESCRIPTION
A local, slow movement thoroughfare suitable for high intensity urban
areas. Commercial Streets are urban in character, supporting parallel
parking on both sides with narrow vehicle travel lanes that support
an urban commercial environment. Bikes may be accommodated
with protected bike lanes, dedicated bike lanes, and/or sharrows
(shared lane with cars). Transit may also be accommodated along
these thoroughfares.
IMAGE 7.02 COMMERCIAL STREET: WESTERN AVENUE
2.0 COMMERCIAL STREET ASSEMBLY
The following cross-section illustrates a typical configuration for the COMMERCIAL STREET Public Realm Type. The City of
Muskegon will configure and adjust this assembly as necessary for specific conditions. This assembly addresses sidewalks,
furnishing zones, street tree planting, on-street parking configurations, vehicular traffic lanes, and bike facilities.
PEOPLE ZONES THOROUGHFARE: VEHICULAR ZONES PEOPLE ZONES
RIGHT-OF-WAY: THE PUBLIC REALM
(WIDTH VARIES PER LOCAL CONDITIONS)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
BIKE TRAVEL ZONE (BIKE LANE)
BIKE TRAVEL ZONE (BIKE LANE)
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
ON-STREET PARKING ZONE
ON-STREET PARKING ZONE
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
Minimum Width = 7 feet
Minimum Width = 7 feet
Ideal width = 10 feet
Ideal width = 10 feet
Note: This drawing is for illustrative purposes only. Refer to City of Muskegon for the situation specific to your site.
7.8 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS
2007.07 COMMERCIAL STREET
3.0 COMMERCIAL STREET ASSEMBLY KEY
The following information provides a description and recommended dimensional range for attributes of the Public Realm
Configuration on the facing page. The City of Muskegon will configure and adjust these dimensions as necessary for
specific conditions.
Building Type and Frontage Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that is defined by the building wall
at the sidewalk.
■■ Refer to Section 2005 for Context Zone of parcel
■■ Refer to Section 2006 for Building Type requirements
■■ Building Type will indicate frontage options for building wall facing the street and sidewalk
Sidewalk Walking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated exclusively to pedestrian activity.
The following are typical attributes of the Sidewalk Walking Zone:
■■ Minimum Width of Sidewalk: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Sidewalk: Between 10 to 12 feet
■■ Paving Material for Sidewalk: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating
street trees, planters, street lighting, sidewalk signs, and seating. The following are typical attributes of the
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone:
■■ Minimum Recommended Width of Furnishing Zone: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Furnishing Zone: Between 10 to 12 feet
■■ Street Tree Planter Type: Required tree pit with structural soil and/or expanded tree pit recommended
■■ Street Tree Planting Arrangement: Formal with regular spaced canopy and/or understory trees
■■ Paving Material for Furnishing Zone: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers
Curb and Gutter Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that vertically separates the thoroughfare
(vehicular zone) from the pedestrian zones while providing stormwater management and drainage.
■■ Typical Width of Curb and Gutter Zone: 2 feet
■■ Curb Type: Raised
■■ Ideal Curb Radius: Small as possible to promote slower speeds and encourage walkability
On-street Parking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to on-street automobile parking.
It is the zone that separates people from vehicular traffic. The following are typical attributes of the On-
street Parking Zone:
■■ Parking Lane Configuration: Diagonal and/or parallel on both sides of street, when possible
■■ Parking Lane Minimum Width: 7 feet
■■ Bulb-outs within the Parking Zone are encouraged at intersections and/or at mid-block crossings
Bike Lane Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating bicycle traffic. The
following are typical attributes of the Bike Lane Zone:
■■ Accommodation for Bicycle Traffic (when possible): Dedicated bike lane (as depicted in the facing
page graphic). May also be a shared lane with automobile traffic (Sharrow) sharrow or protected
bike lane.
■■ Bike Lane Designation: Pavement markings and signage
Vehicle Travel Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to vehicular travel. The following are
typical attributes of the Vehicle Travel Zone:
■■ Movement Type: Slow
■■ Ideal Travel Lane Width: 10 feet
■■ Target Speed: 25 to 30 MPH
■■ Ideal Number of Travel Lanes: One in each direction
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 7.9
PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2007
2007.08 TRANSITIONAL STREET
1.0 TRANSITIONAL STREET DESCRIPTION
A local, slow movement thoroughfare suitable for medium to high
intensity urban areas. Transitional Streets are urban in character,
supporting parallel parking on both sides with narrow vehicle travel
lanes that support an urban commercial or high density residential
environment. The Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone within Transitional
Streets is may either be paved or landscaped, depending on the
adjacent frontages, Building Types, and uses and the Context Area
IMAGE 7.03 TRANSITIONAL STREET: CLAY AVENUE that the Public Realm is located in.
2.0 TRANSITIONAL STREET ASSEMBLY
The following cross-section illustrates a typical configuration for the TRANSITIONAL STREET Public Realm Type. The City of
Muskegon will configure and adjust this assembly as necessary for specific conditions. This assembly addresses sidewalks,
furnishing zones, street tree planting, on-street parking configurations, vehicular traffic lanes, and bike facilities.
PEOPLE ZONES THOROUGHFARE: VEHICULAR ZONES PEOPLE ZONES
RIGHT-OF-WAY: THE PUBLIC REALM
(WIDTH VARIES PER LOCAL CONDITIONS)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
ON-STREET PARKING ZONE
ON-STREET PARKING ZONE
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
Minimum Width = 7 feet
Minimum Width = 7 feet
Ideal width = 10 feet
Ideal width = 10 feet
Note: This drawing is for illustrative purposes only. Refer to City of Muskegon for the situation specific to your site.
7.10 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS
2007.08 TRANSITIONAL STREET
3.0 TRANSITIONAL STREET ASSEMBLY KEY
The following information provides a description and recommended dimensional range for attributes of the Public Realm
Configuration on the facing page. The City of Muskegon will configure and adjust these dimensions as necessary for
specific conditions.
Building Type and Frontage Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that is defined by the building wall
at the sidewalk.
■■ Refer to Section 2005 for Context Zone of parcel
■■ Refer to Section 2006 for Building Type requirements
■■ Building Type will indicate frontage options for building wall facing the street and sidewalk
Sidewalk Walking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated exclusively to pedestrian activity.
The following are typical attributes of the Sidewalk Walking Zone:
■■ Minimum Width of Sidewalk: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Sidewalk: Between 10 to 12 feet
■■ Paving Material for Sidewalk: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating
street trees, planters, street lighting, sidewalk signs, and seating. The following are typical attributes of the
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone:
■■ Minimum Recommended Width of Furnishing Zone: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Furnishing Zone: Between 10 to 12 feet
■■ Street Tree Planter Type: (At blocks with primarily commercial or institutional uses at the ground floor):
Required tree pit with structural soil and/or expanded tree pit recommended
■■ Street Tree Planter Type (At blocks with primarily residential uses at the ground floor):
Parkway consisting of a continuous landscaped area (no tree pits)
■■ Street Tree Planter Types of either paved surfaces or landscaped parkways may change from block
to block along this Public Realm Type and may be different on opposite sides of the street, depending
on predominate ground floor use.
■■ City of Muskegon will determine where to place paved surfaces or landscaped parkways depending
on existing conditions and Context Area.
■■ Street Tree Planting Arrangement: Formal with regular spaced canopy and/or understory trees
■■ Paving Material for Furnishing Zone: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers when primarily
commercial or institutional uses are at the ground floor
Curb and Gutter Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that vertically separates the thoroughfare
(vehicular zone) from the pedestrian zones while providing stormwater management and drainage.
■■ Typical Width of Curb and Gutter Zone: 2 feet
■■ Curb Type: Raised
■■ Ideal Curb Radius: Small as possible to promote slower speeds and encourage walkability
On-street Parking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to on-street automobile parking.
It is the zone that separates people from vehicular traffic. The following are typical attributes of the On-
street Parking Zone:
■■ Parking Lane Configuration: Parallel on both sides of street, when possible
■■ Parking Lane Minimum Width: 7 feet
■■ Bulb-outs within the Parking Zone are encouraged at intersections and/or at mid-block crossings
Vehicle Travel Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to vehicular travel. The following are
typical attributes of the Vehicle Travel Zone:
■■ Movement Type: Slow
■■ Ideal Travel Lane Width: 10 feet
■■ Target Speed: 20 to 25 MPH
■■ Ideal Number of Travel Lanes: One in each direction
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 7.11
PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2007
2007.09 PARKWAY STREET
1.0 PARKWAY STREET DESCRIPTION
A local, slow movement thoroughfare suitable for general urban areas.
Parkway Streets are urban in character, supporting parallel parking
on one or both sides with narrow vehicle travel lanes that support a
variety of different frontages and uses. Bikes are accommodated
with dedicated bike lanes and/or sharrows (shared lane with cars).
IMAGE 7.04 PARKWAY STREET
2.0 PARKWAY STREET ASSEMBLY
The following cross-section illustrates a typical configuration for the PARKWAY STREET Public Realm Type. The City of
Muskegon will configure and adjust this assembly as necessary for specific conditions. This assembly addresses sidewalks,
furnishing zones, street tree planting, on-street parking configurations, vehicular traffic lanes, and bike facilities.
PEOPLE ZONES THOROUGHFARE: VEHICULAR ZONES PEOPLE ZONES
RIGHT-OF-WAY: THE PUBLIC REALM
(WIDTH VARIES PER LOCAL CONDITIONS)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
BIKE TRAVEL ZONE (BIKE LANE)
BIKE TRAVEL ZONE (BIKE LANE)
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
ON-STREET PARKING ZONE
ON-STREET PARKING ZONE
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal width = 9 feet to 10 feet
Ideal width = 9 feet to 10 feet
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
Minimum Width = 7 feet
Minimum Width = 7 feet
Note: This drawing is for illustrative purposes only. Refer to City of Muskegon for the situation specific to your site.
7.12 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS
2007.09 PARKWAY STREET
3.0 PARKWAY STREET ASSEMBLY KEY
The following information provides a description and recommended dimensional range for attributes of the Public Realm
Configuration on the facing page. The City of Muskegon will configure and adjust these dimensions as necessary for
specific conditions.
Building Type and Frontage Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that is defined by the building wall
at the sidewalk.
■■ Refer to Section 2005 for Context Zone of parcel
■■ Refer to Section 2006 for Building Type requirements
■■ Building Type will indicate frontage options for building wall facing the street and sidewalk
Sidewalk Walking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated exclusively to pedestrian activity.
The following are typical attributes of the Sidewalk Walking Zone:
■■ Minimum Width of Sidewalk: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Sidewalk: Between 10 to 12 feet
■■ Paving Material for Sidewalk: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating
street trees, planters, street lighting, sidewalk signs, and seating. The following are typical attributes of the
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone:
■■ Minimum Recommended Width of Furnishing Zone: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Furnishing Zone: Between 10 to 12 feet
■■ Street Tree Planter Type: Parkway consisting of a continuous landscaped area (no paving / no tree
pits)
■■ Street Tree Planting Arrangement: Formal with regular spaced canopy and/or understory trees, some
clustering of street trees may also be appropriate within the parkway
Curb and Gutter Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that vertically separates the thoroughfare
(vehicular zone) from the pedestrian zones while providing stormwater management and drainage.
■■ Typical Width of Curb and Gutter Zone: 2 feet
■■ Curb Type: Raised
■■ Ideal Curb Radius: Small as possible to promote slower speeds and encourage walkability
On-street Parking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to on-street automobile parking.
It is the zone that separates people from vehicular traffic. The following are typical attributes of the On-
street Parking Zone:
■■ Parking Lane Configuration: Parallel on both sides of street, when possible
■■ Parking Lane Minimum Width: 7 feet
■■ Bulb-outs within the Parking Zone are encouraged at intersections and/or at mid-block crossings
Vehicle Travel Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to vehicular travel. The following are
typical attributes of the Vehicle Travel Zone:
■■ Movement Type: Slow
■■ Ideal Travel Lane Width: 9 feet to 10 feet
■■ Target Speed: 20 to 25 MPH
■■ Ideal Number of Travel Lanes: One in each direction
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 7.13
PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2007
2007.10 ARTERIAL
1.0 ARTERIAL DESCRIPTION
A thoroughfare suitable for general urban areas that connects to a
regional transportation system. The Arterial is less urban in character
than other thoroughfares in the Muskegon Form Based Code Area.
Medium to large width vehicle travel lanes support a variety of
frontages and uses. The Arterial Public Realm supports vehicular
movement as a first priority and should be used only in instances where
other Public Realm Types can not support a high level of service for
IMAGE 7.05 ARTERIAL: APPLE AVENUE vehicular traffic.
2.0 ARTERIAL ASSEMBLY
The following cross-section illustrates a typical configuration for the ARTERIAL Public Realm Type. The City of Muskegon
will configure and adjust this assembly as necessary for specific conditions. This assembly addresses sidewalks, furnishing
zones, street tree planting, on-street parking configurations, vehicular traffic lanes, and bike facilities.
PEOPLE ZONES THOROUGHFARE: VEHICULAR ZONES PEOPLE ZONES
RIGHT-OF-WAY: THE PUBLIC REALM
(WIDTH VARIES PER LOCAL CONDITIONS)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
CURB AND GUTTER ZONE (2 feet wide, typical)
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
Recommended minimum width = 5 feet
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
VEHICLE TRAVEL ZONE
Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Width = 10 feet to 12 feet
Note: This drawing is for illustrative purposes only. Refer to City of Muskegon for the situation specific to your site.
7.14 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS
2007.10 ARTERIAL STREET
3.0 ARTERIAL ASSEMBLY KEY
The following information provides a description and recommended dimensional range for attributes of the Public Realm
Configuration on the facing page. The City of Muskegon will configure and adjust these dimensions as necessary for
specific conditions.
Building Type and Frontage Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that is defined by the building wall
at the sidewalk.
■■ Refer to Section 2005 for Context Zone of parcel
■■ Refer to Section 2006 for Building Type requirements
■■ Building Type will indicate frontage options for building wall facing the street and sidewalk
Sidewalk Walking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated exclusively to pedestrian activity.
The following are typical attributes of the Sidewalk Walking Zone:
■■ Minimum Width of Sidewalk: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Sidewalk: Between 10 to 12 feet
■■ Paving Material for Sidewalk: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating
street trees, planters, street lighting, sidewalk signs, and seating. The following are typical attributes of the
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone:
■■ Minimum Recommended Width of Furnishing Zone: 5 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Furnishing Zone: Between 10 to 12 feet
■■ Street Tree Planter Type: Parkway consisting of a continuous landscaped area (no paving / no tree
pits)
■■ Street Tree Planting Arrangement: Clustered and/or irregular spaced canopy and/or understory trees
Curb and Gutter Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that vertically separates the thoroughfare
(vehicular zone) from the pedestrian zones while providing stormwater management and drainage.
■■ Typical Width of Curb and Gutter Zone: 2 feet
■■ Curb Type: Raised
■■ Ideal Curb Radius: Small as possible to promote slower speeds and encourage walkability
Vehicle Travel Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to vehicular travel. The following are
typical attributes of the Vehicle Travel Zone:
■■ Movement Type: Medium
■■ Ideal Travel Lane Width: 10 feet to 12 feet
■■ Target Speed: 35 to 40 MPH
■■ Ideal Number of Travel Lanes: Two in each direction (total of four vehicle travel lanes)
NOTE REGARDING ON-STREET PARKING: Whenever possible, depending on specific conditions, parallel on-street parking
should be considered for the Arterial Public Realm Type. The City of Muskegon will configure and adjust this assembly
as necessary for specific conditions. When on-street parking is provided for this Public Realm Type, bulb-outs should be
considered within the parking zone at intersections and mid-block crossings to increase walkability and safety.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 7.15
PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2007
2007.11 WATERFRONT EDGE
1.0 WATERFRONT EDGE DESCRIPTION
In Section 2007, Muskegon’s downtown waterfront is considered a
public realm and acts as both a thoroughfare for bikes and pedestrians
and as a public space for commercial, residential, and recreational
activity. The space is urban in character with fronts of buildings and
active frontages facing the waterfront. Bikes are accommodated
with a dedicated bike lane that connects to the city’s existing and
proposed bike network.
IMAGE 7.06 WATERFRONT EDGE
2.0 WATERFRONT EDGE ASSEMBLY
The following cross-section illustrates a typical configuration for the WATERFRONT EDGE Public Realm Type. The City of
Muskegon will configure and adjust this assembly as necessary for specific conditions. This assembly addresses sidewalks,
furnishing zones, street tree planting, on-street parking configurations, vehicular traffic lanes, and bike facilities.
LAKESHORE PEOPLE ZONES
THE PUBLIC REALM
MINIMUM 38 FOOT DEDICATED PUBLIC EASEMENT
OR PUBLICLY-OWNED RIGHT-OF-WAY FROM
WATER’S EDGE TO DEVELOPMENT EDGE
TERRACE OPTION (Refer to facing page)
(Refer to Section 2006 Building Types and Frontages)
SIDEWALK: FURNISHING AND TREE ZONE
BUILDING TYPE AND FRONTAGE ZONE
Recommended minimum width = 10 feet
Recommended minimum width = 12 feet
Recommended minimum width = 10 feet
Recommended minimum width = 6 feet
SIDEWALK: WALKING ZONE
Ideal Width = 10 feet to 20 feet
Ideal Width = 15 feet to 20 feet
BIKE LANE ZONE
ACTIVITY ZONE
Note: This drawing is for illustrative purposes only. Refer to City of Muskegon for the situation specific to your site.
7.16 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2007 PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS
2007.11 WATERFRONT EDGE
3.0 WATERFRONT EDGE ASSEMBLY KEY
The following information provides a description and recommended dimensional range for attributes of the Public Realm
Configuration on the facing page. The City of Muskegon will configure and adjust these dimensions as necessary for
specific conditions.
Building Type and Frontage Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type that is defined by the building wall
at the sidewalk.
■■ Refer to Section 2005 for Context Zone of parcel
■■ Refer to Section 2006 for Building Type requirements
■■ Building Type will indicate frontage options for building wall facing the street and sidewalk
Sidewalk Walking Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated exclusively to pedestrian activity.
The following are typical attributes of the Sidewalk Walking Zone:
■■ Minimum Width of Sidewalk: 10 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Sidewalk: Between 15 to 20 feet
■■ Paving Material for Sidewalk: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating
street trees, planters, street lighting, sidewalk signs, and seating. The following are typical attributes of the
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone:
■■ Minimum Recommended Width of Furnishing Zone: 6 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Furnishing Zone: Between 10 to 20 feet
■■ Street Tree Planter Type: Required tree pit with structural soil and/or expanded tree pit recommended
■■ Street Tree Planting Arrangement: Formal with regular spaced canopy and/or understory trees
■■ Paving Material for Furnishing Zone: Concrete, stamped concrete, or brick pavers
Bike Lane Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating bicycle traffic. The
following are typical attributes of the Bike Lane Zone:
■■ Accommodation for Bicycle Traffic (when possible): Dedicated bike lane (as depicted in the facing
page graphic).
■■ Minimum Recommended Width of Bike Lane: 12 feet
■■ Bike Lane Designation: Pavement markings and signage
Activity Zone: The portion of the Public Realm Type dedicated to accommodating a variety of activities.
The width of this zone can change as waterfront and building use change along the waterfront’s edge.
The following are typical attributes of the Activity Zone for the waterfront:
■■ Minimum Recommended Width of Activity Zone: 10 feet
■■ Ideal Width of Activity Zone: 15 to 30 feet
Permitted uses and programming within Activity Zone:
■■ Food trucks and food carts with special use permit on a temporary basis between the hours of 8am
and 10pm
■■ Temporary and portable structures related to approved special events and festivals
■■ Health related classes and events, such as yoga
Terrace option: The Activity Zone and Furnishing and Tree Zone may terrace to provide separation
between spaces, landscaping and bike lanes when the following conditions are met:
■■ Combined Width of Activity Zone and Furnishing & Tree Zone is 30 feet minimum
■■ Connection to existing and/or adjacent waterfront edges is maintained per the requirements of City
ordinances and building code
■■ Connection to existing and/or adjacent bike lanes is maintained
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 7.17
PUBLIC REALM TYPE STANDARDS SECTION 2007
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7.18 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2008 OFF-STREET PARKING STANDARDS
2008.00 PURPOSE PARKING USE CLASS
The purpose of this section is to manage vehicular
and bicycle parking in a manner consistent with the
RESIDENTIAL
regulating plan of this Form Based Code. Incremental
infill development will enable applicants and the City Single-family residential
to strategically accommodate parking needs while not Shared/Co-op housing
comprising the urban form desired within downtown
Muskegon. Multi-family
2008.01 APPLICABILITY Two-family residential
The regulations of this Section shall apply in the following RETAIL
instances:
Retail
A. Whenever the use of a building or lot is changed
to another classification of use, off-street parking Club, lodge, hall
facilities shall be provided as required by this
Section. Micro brewery, distillery, winery under 2500 barrels
Micro brewery, distillery, winery under 2500 barrels
B. If the intensity of use of any existing building (other
than a detached house or duplex building) is Restaurant, cocktail lounge, brewpub
increased through the addition of floor area,
seating capacity, or number of employees, OFFICE
additional off-street parking shall be provided. Office
Personal service
2008.02 PARKING AND LOADING REVIEW
Whenever three or more parking spaces are required, Veterinary and kennel
specifications shall be submitted to the Zoning
Administrator for approval prior to permitting per Section Bank
2326, 3 of the Muskegon Zoning Ordinance.
Business school/private or public school/higher ed.
2008.03 USE OF PARKING AREAS Taxi/limo service
Vehicles shall not be repaired, stored or displayed for sale
or hire in parking lots unless the principal use is classified in LODGING
the applicable context area. Upon approval of the Zoning Hotel/Motel
Administrator, parking lots may be used for temporary
CIVIC
events and gathering.
Church
2008.04 ACCESS STANDARDS
Gallery/museum
Parking shall be accessed from a side street whenever
possible. If parking is accessed from a front street, there Railway terminal
shall only be one point of access. Entries shall not exceed
two lanes in width. RECREATION
Amusement and recreation facility
2008.05 MAINTENANCE STANDARDS
Outdoor recreation
Parking and loading areas, as required, shall be paved,
marked, and defined by curbs. Utilizing porous pavement, Outdoor theater
low impact design, and green infrastructure best practices
for stormwater is encouraged. Indoor theater/live music concert hall
INDUSTRIAL
2008.06 DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Parking spaces shall be a minimum of 8’ wide by 18’ long. Auto service station
Maneuvering aisles shall be a minimum of 12’ wide for one Warehousing
way traffic and 22’ for two-way traffic. Excessively wide
aisles shall not be permitted. Shipping, port related activity
Research and development
2008.07 ESTABLISHMENT OF USE CLASSES
The following table lists uses permitted in the Form Based Light manufacturing
Code and designates various use classes for establishing
parking requirements. Machine shop
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 8.1
OFF-STREET PARKING STANDARDS SECTION 2008
REQUIRED MAXIMUM OFF-STREET SURFACE PARKING BY USE CLASS AND CONTEXT AREA
Parking Use Class DT MS MSW NC NE UR
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL 1 per DU 1 per DU 1 per DU 1 per DU 1 per DU 1 per DU
1 per 500 SF 1 per 500 SF 1 per 500 SF 1 per 350 SF 1 per 350 SF
RETAIL of floor area of floor area of floor area of floor area of floor area
1 per 500 SF 1 per 500 SF 1 per 500 SF 1 per 350 SF 1 per 350 SF
OFFICE of floor area of floor area of floor area of floor area of floor area
LODGING 1 per guest room 1 per guest room 1 per guest room 1 per guest room 1 per guest room
1 per 6 people by 1 per 6 people by 1 per 6 people by 1 per 4 people by 1 per 4 people by
CIVIC fire code fire code fire code fire code fire code
1 per 500 SF of 1 per 500 SF of 1 per 500 SF of 1 per 350 SF of 1 per 350 SF of
RECREATION useable floor area useable floor area useable floor area useable floor area useable loor area
0.5 per employee 0.5 per employee 0.5 per employee 1 per employee on 1 per employee on
INDUSTRIAL on highest shift on highest shift on highest shift highest shift highest shift
2008.08 REQUIRED OFF-STREET PARKING SPACES 5. For shared parking with places of worship,
Up to the maximum number of required off-street surface the other uses shall not normally operate
parking spaces shall be provided and maintained on the between the hours of 6:00am and 6:00pm
premises or as otherwise allowed by this section per the on Sundays.
above table.
A. In the case of a use not specifically mentioned, B. Mixed Use Buildings. Where one mixed use building
the requirement for off-street parking facilities for on one lot creates staggered peak periods of
a specified use which is most similar shall apply, as parking demand, the on-site parking requirements
determined by the Zoning Administrator. for the single lot may be reduced subject to the
following:
B. Parking areas for other than detached house and 1. Mixed Use Building shall have different uses
duplex may be located up to 1,000 feet from the on multiple floors that create a staggered
building they serve. demand.
C. New businesses (uses) that are required to provide C. Availability of other modes of travel. To qualify, the
15 parking spaces or less may forgo the parking site plan must incorporate transit stops, pedestrian
requirements if they are located in a previously connections to nearby transit stops, or bicycle
existing building. parking facilities, as applicable.
1. Transit reduction. Buildings or uses shall be
D. Parking maximums may be waived by the Zoning within 600 feet of a transit stop. MATS shall
Administrator when parking spaces are provided verify in writing that the transit stop is in a
in structured or underground parking facilities. permanent location.
2. Bicycle reduction. Parking requirements
2008.09 SHARED PARKING may be reduced by one space for every
A. Shared Parking with Staggered Peak Periods. four covered, secure bicycle parking
Where a mix of land uses on two or more adjacent spaces that are provided on site that
lots create staggered peak periods of parking are in addition to the required bicycle
demand, the on-site parking requirements for parking. Parking requirements may be
the adjacent lots may be reduced subject to the further reduced by four spaces where free
following: showers are available for employee use
1. Shared parking areas shall be located within the building.
within 600 feet of the use.
2. Pedestrian connections shall be maintained 2008.10 PARKING EASEMENTS AND AGREEMENTS
between the buildings or uses. A. Written easements that provide for continued
3. Lots shall be adjacent and shall be use and maintenance of shared parking shall be
interconnected for vehicular passage. submitted to the Zoning Administrator for review
4. A shared parking agreement shall be and approval. Any agreement shall include
submitted. provisions to address changes in use.
8.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2008 OFF-STREET PARKING STANDARDS
B. Shared parking leases or agreements shall have E. Space for the active use shall have a minimum
a term of not less than five years, including any depth of thirty (30) feet and minimum width not less
renewals at the option of the lessee. than eighty (80) percent of the building frontage
at the front property line and not less than fifty
C. Should the agreement be voided or expire for (50) percent of the building frontage on the side
any reason, the uses utilizing the shared parking property line.
facility shall provide all required parking spaces in
accordance with the requirements of this Section, F. In lieu of an active use on the ground level, a parking
or shall be in violation thereof. structure may be paired with a liner building. Liner
buildings may be one (or a combination of) the
2008.11 OFF-STREET PARKING LOT DESIGN/DRIVEWAYS following Building Types.
A. Off-street parking location and setbacks. Off- ■■ Mixed Use Building
street parking lots shall conform to the parking ■■ Flex Building
placement standards in Section 2005 for the ■■ Live-Work Building
applicable context area. ■■ Multiplex Building
1. Off-street parking areas shall be separated ■■ Rowhouse Building
at least ten (10) feet from buildings in order
to make room for a sidewalk, landscaping, G. Parking structures shall be architecturally
and other planting between the building compatible with the buildings they serve.
and the parking area.
2008.13 OFF-STREET LOADING REQUIREMENTS
Exception: This separation may be For off-street loading requirements refer to Section 2329 of
eliminated to the rear of buildings in areas the City of Muskegon Zoning Ordinance.
designed for unloading and loading.
2008.14 PARKING LOT LANDSCAPING/SCREENING
B. Off-street parking facilities required for detached A. Parking lot landscaping shall be provided in
house or duplex shall be located on the same lot or accordance with Section 2331, 8 of the City of
parcel as the building they are intended to serve, Muskegon Zoning Ordinance.
and shall consist of a driveway and/or garage.
All residential driveways shall provide a minimum
B. Any frontage along all streets with surface parking
width of at least eight feet. Driveways must be
at the build-to-line or within the required build-to-
paved. All parking spaces shall be paved and no
zone, shall be defined by a 3’ high street screen.
more than one parking space shall be located
Required street screens shall be of one of the
within the required front yard. Additions to existing
following:
detached house or duplex shall not require the
■■ The same building material as the principal
paving of an unpaved driveway.
building on the lot or
■■ A vegetative screen composed of shrubs
2008.12 PARKING STRUCTURES planted to be opaque at maturity, or
A. Parking stall and driving aisles shall meet the
■■ A combination of the two.
minimum required in Section 2008.06.
C. The required street screen shall be located at the
B. Internal arrangement and design shall be
property line along the corresponding street. Street
approved by the city engineer for appropriate
screens may include breaks to provide pedestrian
grades, traffic circulation, aisle length, column
access from any surface parking or service area to
spacing, ceiling height, exit stairwell and elevator
the public sidewalk.
location.
2008.15 BICYCLE PARKING
C. Parking structures shall be set back the same
A. Bicycle parking shall be located on paved or
distance as required for the applicable Building
pervious, dust-free spaces, and shall be a minimum
Type.
of 2’ by 6’. Bicycle parking shall be located in a
convenient and visible area, and within 100’ of
D. An active use is required at the ground level of building entries, when possible.
the parking facility where the structure is within an
area identified for ground floor activation per the B. Bicycle parking shall be provided at a rate of 20%
Context Area Map in Section 2005.02. of required vehicular parking.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 8.3
OFF-STREET PARKING STANDARDS SECTION 2008
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8.4 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2009 SIGN STANDARDS
2009.00 PURPOSE C. No person, firm, or corporation shall erect, repair,
Section 2009 identifies sign standards that are intended to alter, relocate, display or maintain any sign which
appropriately limit the placement, type, size, construction, does not comply with the standards set forth in this
illumination, and number of signs allowed within a specific Section, and no permit shall be issued for any such
Context Area and to require the proper maintenance of sign.
signs. The regulations and standards of this Section are
intended to be content neutral and are considered the 2009.02 SIGN REQUIREMENTS
minimum necessary to achieve a substantial government A. Sign types, quanities, and sizes shall be as provided
interest for public safety, aesthetics, and protection of herein.
property values. The purpose of these limitations and
requirements are to: B. Sign Types are limited to the following:
1. Sign Band Signs.
A. Protect the public right to receive messages and 2. Wall Signs.
information protected by the First Amendment of 3. Projecting Signs.
the U.S. Constitution; 4. Awning and Canopy Signs.
5. Window Signs.
B. Safeguard and protect the public health, safety, 6. Ground Signs.
and general welfare;
2009.03 OFF PREMISE ADVERTISING
C. Promote aesthetic and environmental values of Off-premise advertising shall not be permitted.
the community by providing for signs that do not
impair the attractiveness of the City as a place to 2009.04 NONCONFORMING SIGNS
live, work and shop; For nonconforming signs, see Section 2334,13 of the City
of Muskegon Zoning Ordinance.
D. Avoid traffic safety hazards to motorists, bicyclists,
and pedestrians, caused by visual distractions and 2009.05 REMOVAL
obstructions; For removal of signs, see Section 2334,14 of the City of
Muskegon Zoning Ordinance.
E. Enable the public to locate goods, services and
facilities without excessive difficulty and confusion
by restricting the number and placement of signs;
F. Provide for signs as an effective channel of
communication, while ensuring that signs are
aesthetically designed and proportioned in
relation to adjacent structures and the structures
to which they are attached;
G. Recognize that the principal intent of commercial
signs is for identification of an establishment on
the premises, and not for advertising off-premises
activities; and
H. Regulate portable commercial signs in recognition
of their significant negative impact on traffic safety
and aesthetics.
2009.01 APPLICABILITY
A. Section 2334 of the City of Muskegon Zoning
Ordinance regulates signs. Provisions contained in
Section 2334, subsections 1-5 shall apply to signs
within the Form Based Code district, in addition to
the standards contained herein.
B. Temporary signs shall be regulated per Section
2334 of the City of Muskegon Zoning Ordinance.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 9.1
SIGN STANDARDS SECTION 2009
2009.06 SIGN TYPE OVERVIEW
Sign types for the Muskegon Form Based Code are as follows:
SIGN BAND
BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
A sign that is painted on, incorporated in, or
attached directly to the sign band or horizontal MIXED-USE DT MS
expression band above a storefront window or RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
transom on buildings types with the following FLEX
frontages: Storefront, Balcony, or Drive-through. COTTAGE RETAIL
MSW NC
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
WALL SIGN
BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
A sign that is painted on, incorporated in, or
attached directly to a building wall, with the MIXED-USE DT MS
exposed face of the sign in place parallel to RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
the building wall. FLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
MSW NC
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
MULTI-PLEX NE UR
CIVIC NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
PROJECTING SIGN
BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
A double faced sign that is attached to the
face of a building and projects from the wall MIXED-USE MS
DT
of the building at a ninety (90) degree angle. RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
Projecting signs may include logos or creative FLEX
art and graphics as part of the sign composition COTTAGE RETAIL
MSW NC
and may be fabricated of wood, metal, fabric,
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
or other durable material. MULTI-PLEX NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
AWNING & CANOPY SIGN
Awning Signs may be painted, BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
screen printed or appliquéd
MIXED-USE DT MS
to the awning. Canopy Signs
shall be attached upon the RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
face or above the face of FLEX
MSW NC
metal canopies. Awning and COTTAGE RETAIL MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
Canopy Signs shall be placed LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
on canopies or awnings that MULTI-PLEX NE UR
are above doors and/or NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
windows. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
WINDOW SIGN
Window Signs are any sign, picture, symbol BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
or combination thereof that is designed to
MIXED-USE DT MS
communicate information about activity,
business, commodity, event, sale, or service RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
that is placed on the window and which is FLEX
MSW NC
intended to be seen by the public from the COTTAGE RETAIL MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
outside. Window signs include neon tube signs LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
that indicate “open” for business and other MULTI-PLEX NE UR
neon tube signs as indicated in this subsection. NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
GROUND SIGN
BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
A free-standing permanent sign that is
mounted directly on the ground or ground level COTTAGE RETAIL MS
DT
foundation and is often used to mark a place MULTI-PLEX DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
of significance or the entrance to a location. CIVIC
FLEX
MSW NC
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
Context Areas represented in black indicate that sign is not allowed in that Context Area.
9.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2009 SIGN STANDARDS
2009.07 SIGN BAND
SIGN BAND
BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
A sign that is painted on, incorporated in, or
attached directly to the sign band or horizontal MIXED-USE DT MS
expression band above a storefront window or RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
transom on buildings types with the following FLEX
frontages: Storefront, Balcony, or Drive-through. COTTAGE RETAIL
MSW NC
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
1.0 SIGN BAND SIZE AND PROPORTION
Refer to Illustration 9.01 for graphic representation of the ILLUSTRATION 9.01 SIGN BAND SIZE
dimensional requirements regarding Sign Band Signs.
A. Sign Band Sign sizes and proportions are relative C A C
to the size of the building’s sign band or horizontal
expression band.
B. Vertical Placement: Sign content height shall not B
exceed 80% of the overall height of the sign band
or horizontal expression band.
C. Horizontal Placement: Sign content within the sign
band or horizontal expression band shall not come
STOREFRONT - REFER
closer than two (2) feet to the side edges of the TO BUILDING TYPES
(SECTION 2006)
sign band.
D. Sign content shall not extend more than three (3)
inches from the face of the sign band or horizontal
expression line.
2.0 SIGN BAND STANDARDS 4.0 SIGN BAND LOCATION
A. Sign content (letters, corporate logos, symbols or Sign Band Signs are permitted to be installed at the sign
designs) may be engraved, painted, or surface band or horizontal expression band above a storefront
mounted on the building’s sign band or horizontal window or transom on buildings that have Storefront,
Balcony, or Drive-through Frontage.
expression band. Sign content shall be made
of materials visually compatible with the display A. At corner lot buildings, Sign Band Signs are also
surface. permitted to be installed at the sign band or
horizontal expression line above storefronts or
B. Dimensional requirements of sign band Section
transoms along side streets.
2009.13.
C. Sign content is not required to be placed in sign
band or horizontal expression line.
3.0 SIGN BAND QUANTITY 5.0 SIGN BAND ILLUMINATION
A. The number of Sign Band Signs allowed per A. Sign Band Signs may be externally illuminated per
building shall not exceed the quantities indicated the requirements of Section 2334, 3, f.
in Section 2009.14.
B. Sign Band Signs are not permitted to be internally
B. Sign Bands may be used in conjunction with other illuminated. Sign Band is not permitted to be
Sign Types. illuminated with neon illumination.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 9.3
SIGN STANDARDS SECTION 2009
2009.08 WALL SIGN
WALL SIGN
BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
A sign that is painted on, incorporated in, or
attached directly to a building wall, with the MIXED-USE DT MS
exposed face of the sign in place parallel to RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
the building wall. FLEX
COTTAGE RETAIL
MSW NC
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
MULTI-PLEX NE UR
CIVIC NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
1.0 WALL SIGN SIZE AND PROPORTION
Refer to Illustration 9.02 for graphic representation of the ILLUSTRATION 9.02 WALL SIGN SIZE
dimensional requirements regarding Wall Signs.
Refer to Section 2009.13 for dimensional requirements. B B
A. Wall Signs shall be a minimum of three (3) feet
above the adjacent grade.
BUILDING
WALL
B. Wall Signs shall not come closer than two (2) feet
to the corner of the building.
BUILDING
CORNER
A
2.0 WALL SIGN STANDARDS 4.0 WALL SIGN LOCATION
A. Wall Signs shall be designed to be compatible Wall Signs are permitted on the fronts of the following
with the character of the building and building buildings:
materials in order to promote a unified design A. Live / Work
which compliments the building’s massing, scale B. Flex
and character. C. Multi-plex (Small and Large)
D. Civic
B. Wall Sign content may include letters, corporate
Wall Signs are permitted on the sides (along side street) of
logos, symbols or designs that are painted or
the following buildings:
applied to the building wall.
A. Mixed Use
B. Retail
C. Cottage Retail
D. Live / Work
E. Multi-plex (Small and Large)
F. Civic
3.0 WALL SIGN QUANTITY 5.0 WALL SIGN ILLUMINATION
A. The number of Wall Signs allowed per building shall A. Wall Signs may be externally or internally illuminated
not exceed the quantities indicated in Section per the requirements of Section 2334, 3, f.
2009.14.
B. Wall Signs are not permitted to be illuminated with
B. Wall may be used in conjunction with other Sign neon illumination.
Types.
9.4 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2009 SIGN STANDARDS
2009.09 PROJECTING SIGN
PROJECTING SIGN
BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
A double faced sign that is attached to the
face of a building and projects from the wall MIXED-USE MS
DT
of the building at a ninety (90) degree angle. RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
Projecting signs may include logos or creative FLEX
art and graphics as part of the sign composition COTTAGE RETAIL
MSW NC
and may be fabricated of wood, metal, fabric,
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
or other durable material. MULTI-PLEX NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
1.0 PROJECTING SIGN SIZE AND PROPORTION
Refer to Illustration 9.03 for graphic representation of the ILLUSTRATION 9.03 PROJECTING SIGN SIZE
dimensional requirements regarding Projecting Signs.
Refer to Section 2009.13 for dimensional requirements. C
A. Maximum height of projecting signs shall be four
(4) feet.
BUILDING
B. Maximum width of projecting signs shall be three
A
(3) feet.
C. Projecting Signs shall not extend more than four (4)
feet from the face of building.
D. Projecting Signs shall be a minimum of eight (8) B
feet above the adjacent grade. D
FACE OF
E. Projecting signs shall be perpendicular to the BUILDING
building face.
2.0 PROJECTING SIGN STANDARDS 4.0 PROJECTING SIGN LOCATION
A. Projecting Signs shall be designed to be A. Projecting Signs are permitted on the fronts of the
compatible with the character of the building and following buildings:
building materials in order to promote a unified 1. Mixed-Use
design which compliments the building’s massing, 2. Retail
scale and character. 3. Cottage Retail
4. Live / Work
B. Projecting Sign content may include letters, 5. Flex
corporate logos, symbols or designs and shall have 6. Multiplex (Large and Small)
content on both sides of the sign.
C. Projecting Signs placed on fabric, cloth or canvas
shall be securely anchored to a sign frame.
3.0 PROJECTING SIGN QUANTITY 5.0 PROJECTING SIGN ILLUMINATION
A. The number of Projecting Signs allowed per A. Projecting Signs may be externally or internally
building shall not exceed the quantities indicated illuminated per the requirements of Section 2334,
in Section 2009.14. 3, f.
B. Projecting Signs may be used in conjunction with
other Sign Types.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 9.5
SIGN STANDARDS SECTION 2009
2009.10 AWNING AND CANOPY SIGN
AWNING & CANOPY SIGN
Awning Signs may be painted, BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
screen printed or appliquéd
MIXED-USE DT MS
to the awning. Canopy Signs
shall be attached upon the RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
face or above the face of FLEX
MSW NC
metal canopies. Awning and COTTAGE RETAIL MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
Canopy Signs shall be placed LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
on canopies or awnings that MULTI-PLEX NE UR
are above doors and/or NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
windows. EDGE RESIDENTIAL
1.0 AWNING AND CANOPY SIGN LOCATION AND SIZE
Refer to Illustration 9.04 for graphic representation of the ILLUSTRATION 9.04 AWNING AND CANOPY SIGN SIZE
dimensional requirements regarding Awning and Canopy
Signs. F
H
Refer to Section 2009.13 for dimensional requirements.
A. Awning Signs are permitted on the fronts and sides
of buildings above any windows and/or doors SHED
AREA OF
where awnings are placed. AWNING
H
B. Canopy Signs are permitted on the fronts and
sides of buildings above doors where canopies are
placed.
D
C. Awning and Canopies shall be a minimum of eight
(8) feet above the adjacent grade.
E G
D. Height of awning valance shall be between eight ELEVATION DIAGRAM: AWNING SIGN VALANCE
AREA OF
(8) and fourteen (14) inches. AWNING
E. Height of sign content on awning valence shall not
exceed 80% of the valence height.
F. Width of awning shall not exceed the width of the
door or window that it is above.
G. Width of sign content on awning valence shall not J
exceed 90% of the valence width.
H. Area of sign content located on the shed (sloped)
area of the awning shall not exceed 30% of the K
overall shed area. CANOPY
FASCIA
I. Width of canopy shall not exceed the width of the
door that it is above.
I
J. Sign content may be placed on or above the ELEVATION DIAGRAM: CANOPY SIGN
canopy fascia and shall not exceed 90% of the
width of the canopy. 3.0 AWNING AND CANOPY SIGN QUANTITY
A. The number of Awning and Canopy Signs allowed
K. Height of canopy sign content shall not exceed
per building shall not exceed the quantities
90% of the height of the canopy.
indicated in Section 2009.14.
2.0 AWNING AND CANOPY SIGN STANDARDS
B. Awning and Canopy Signs may be used in
A. Awning and Canopy Sign content may include
letters, corporate logos, symbols, or designs that conjunction with other Sign Types.
are painted, applied or surface mounted on
the awning or canopy surface. Sign content on 4.0 AWNING AND CANOPY SIGN ILLUMINATION
canopy signs may also be located above the A. Awning and Canopy Signs shall not be illuminated.
canopy sign.
9.6 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2009 SIGN STANDARDS
2009.011 WINDOW SIGN
WINDOW SIGN
Window Signs are any sign, picture, symbol BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
or combination thereof that is designed to
MIXED-USE DT MS
communicate information about activity,
business, commodity, event, sale, or service RETAIL DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
that is placed on the window and which is FLEX
MSW NC
intended to be seen by the public from the COTTAGE RETAIL MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
outside. Window signs include neon tube signs LIVE / WORK WATERFRONT CORE
that indicate “open” for business and other MULTI-PLEX NE UR
neon tube signs as indicated in this subsection. NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
1.0 WINDOW SIGN SIZE AND PROPORTION
Refer to Illustration 9.05 for graphic representation of the ILLUSTRATION 9.05 WINDOW SIGN SIZE
dimensional requirements regarding Window Signs.
Refer to Section 2009.13 for dimensional requirements.
A. Lower Surface Applied Window Signs shall be
within 12” of the sill and may span the entire width B
of the storefront.
STOREFRONT - REFER
B. Width of Surface Applied Window Signs above TO BUILDING TYPES
(SECTION 2006)
twelve (12) inches from the sill shall not exceed
four (4) feet in width.
C
C. Height of Surface Applied Window Signs above
twelve (12) inches from the bottom of the sill shall A
not exceed three (3) feet.
A
2.0 WINDOW SIGN STANDARDS 4.0 WINDOW SIGN LOCATION
A. Surface Applied Window Signs shall be A. Surface Applied Window Signs are permitted on
professionally painted or applied letters, corporate the ground and upper floor front and street side
logos, symbols or designs. windows of the following buildings:
1. Mixed-Use
2. Retail
3. Cottage Retail
4. Flex
5. Live / Work
6. Multi-plex
B. Window Signs shall be installed on the inside face
of the window.
3.0 WINDOW SIGN QUANTITY 5.0 WINDOW SIGN ILLUMINATION
A. The number of Window Signs allowed per building A. Window Signs shall not be illuminated.
shall not exceed the quantities indicated in Section
2009.14.
B. Window Signs may be used in conjunction with
other Sign Types.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 9.7
SIGN STANDARDS SECTION 2009
2009.12 GROUND SIGN
GROUND SIGN
BUILDING TYPES CONTEXT AREAS
A free-standing permanent sign that is
mounted directly on the ground or ground level COTTAGE RETAIL MS
DT
foundation and is often used to mark a place MULTI-PLEX DOWNTOWN MAINSTREET
of significance or the entrance to a location. CIVIC
FLEX
MSW NC
MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD
WATERFRONT CORE
NE UR
NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
EDGE RESIDENTIAL
1.0 GROUND SIGN SIZE AND PROPORTION
Refer to Illustration 9.06 for graphic representation of the ILLUSTRATION 9.06 GROUND SIGN SIZE
dimensional requirements regarding Ground Signs.
Refer to Section 2009.13 for dimensional requirements. B
A. Maximum height of Ground Signs shall be five
(4) feet except multi-tenant Ground Signs may
increase to five (5) feet.
B. Maximum width of Ground Signs shall be three
(3) feet except multi-tenant Ground Signs may A
increase to five (5) feet.
2.0 GROUND SIGN STANDARDS
A. Ground Signs shall be designed to be compatible
with the character of the surrounding buildings
and building materials in order to promote a
unified design which compliments the buildings’
massing, scale and character.
B. Ground Sign content may include letters and
corporate logos that are permanently affixed to
the sign.
5.0 GROUND SIGN LOCATION
C. Ground Sign content is not permitted to be A. Ground Signs are permitted in the front yard
changeable copy, except for gasoline price setback of the following buildings:
signs, directory signs listing more than one tenant, 1. Cottage Retail
and signs advertising restaurant food specials, 2. Multi-Plex
films, and live entertainment, which change on a 3. Civic
regular basis.
B. Ground Signs shall be setback a minimum 10’ from
D. Ground Signs shall have content on both sides of front property line.
the sign with building address clearly depicted.
3.0 GROUND SIGN QUANTITY
A. The number of Ground Signs allowed per building
shall not exceed the quantities indicated in Section
2009.14.
B. Ground Signs may be used in conjunction with
other Sign Types.
4.0 GROUND SIGN ILLUMINATION
A. Ground Signs may be externally or internally
illuminated per the requirements of Section 2334,
3, f.
9.8 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2009 SIGN STANDARDS
2009.13 SUMMARY DIMENSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SIGNS
CONTEXT AREAS
SIGN TYPE
MSW NC NE UR
WITH BUILDING TYPE DT
DOWNTOWN
MS
MAINSTREET MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
MIXED-USE Shall fit within sign band or expression line per 2009.07, 1.0
SIGN BAND
RETAIL Shall fit within sign band or expression line per 2009.07, 1.0
FLEX Shall fit within sign band or expression line per 2009.07, 1.0
Shall fit within sign band or expression
COTTAGE RETAIL line per 2009.07, 1.0
LIVE / WORK Shall fit within sign band or expression line per 2009.07, 1.0
MIXED-USE 15 % of building wall, NTE 32 SF 15 % of building wall, NTE 24 SF
RETAIL 15 % of building wall, NTE 32 SF 15 % of building wall, NTE 24 SF
15 % of building wall,
FLEX 15 % of building wall, NTE 32 SF NTE 24 SF
WALL
COTTAGE RETAIL 15 % of building wall, NTE 24 SF
LIVE / WORK 15 % of building wall, NTE 24 SF
MULTI-PLEX 15 % of building wall, NTE 24 SF
15 % of building wall,
CIVIC NTE 36 SF 15 % of building wall, NTE 24 SF
MIXED-USE 12 SF 8 SF 8 SF 8 SF 8 SF
RETAIL 12 SF 8 SF 8 SF 8 SF 8 SF
PROJECTING
FLEX 8 SF 8 SF 8 SF 8 SF
COTTAGE RETAIL 8 SF 8 SF
LIVE / WORK 8 SF 8 SF 8 SF 8 SF
MULTI-PLEX 12 SF 8 SF 8 SF 8 SF
MIXED-USE Shall fit within awning or canopy per 2009.10, 1.0
AWNING AND
RETAIL Shall fit within awning or canopy per 2009.10, 1.0
CANOPY
FLEX Shall fit within awning or canopy per 2009.10, 1.0
Shall fit within awning or canopy
COTTAGE RETAIL per 2009.10, 1.0
LIVE / WORK Shall fit within awning or canopy per 2009.10, 1.0
MULTI-PLEX Shall fit within awning or canopy per 2009.10, 1.0
MIXED-USE Above 12” from bottom of window: NTE 12% of total glass area
RETAIL Above 12” from bottom of window: NTE 12% of total glass area
WINDOW
FLEX Above 12” from bottom of window: NTE 12% of total glass area
Above 12” from bottom of window:
COTTAGE RETAIL NTE 12% of total glass area
LIVE / WORK Above 12” from bottom of window: NTE 12% of total glass area
Above 12” from bottom of window: NTE 12% of
MULTI-PLEX total glass area
COTTAGE RETAIL 24 SF 24 SF 24 SF 24 SF
GROUND
MULTI-PLEX 24 SF 24 SF 24 SF 24 SF
CIVIC 24 SF 24 SF 24 SF 24 SF 24 SF 24 SF
Shaded areas represent Signs that are not permitted in specified Context Area. Multi-plex includes both large and small.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 9.9
SIGN STANDARDS SECTION 2009
2009.14 SIGN QUANTITIES
CONTEXT AREAS
SIGN TYPE
MSW NC NE UR
WITH BUILDING TYPE DT
DOWNTOWN
MS
MAINSTREET MAINSTREET NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOOD URBAN
WATERFRONT CORE EDGE RESIDENTIAL
MIXED-USE 1 per sign band or expression line on front or side street
SIGN BAND
RETAIL 1 per sign band or expression line on front or side street
FLEX 1 per sign band or expression line on front or side street
1 per sign band or expression line on
COTTAGE RETAIL front or side street
LIVE / WORK 1 per sign band or expression line on front or side street
MIXED-USE 1 per side along front or side street; 1 per alley front
RETAIL 1 per side along front or side street; 1 per alley front
FLEX 1 per side along front or side street; 1 per alley front
WALL
COTTAGE RETAIL 1 per side along front or side
street; 1 per alley front
LIVE / WORK 1 per side along front or side street; 1 per alley front
MULTI-PLEX 1 per side along front or side street; 1 per alley front
CIVIC 1 per side along front or side street; 1 per alley front
MIXED-USE 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry
RETAIL 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry
PROJECTING
FLEX 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry
COTTAGE RETAIL 1 per entry 1 per entry
LIVE / WORK 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry
MULTI-PLEX 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry 1 per entry
MIXED-USE 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or
canopy canopy canopy canopy canopy
1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or
AWNING AND
RETAIL canopy canopy canopy canopy canopy
CANOPY
FLEX 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or
canopy canopy canopy canopy
COTTAGE RETAIL 1 per awning or 1 per awning or
canopy canopy
LIVE / WORK 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or
canopy canopy canopy canopy
MULTI-PLEX 1 per awning or 1 per awning or 1 per awning or
canopy canopy canopy
MIXED-USE 1 per window 1 per window 1 per window 1 per window 1 per window
RETAIL 1 per window 1 per window 1 per window 1 per window 1 per window
WINDOW
FLEX 1 per window 1 per window 1 per window 1 per window
COTTAGE RETAIL 1 per window 1 per window
LIVE / WORK 1 per window (ground floor only; for commercial use)
MULTI-PLEX 1 per window (ground floor only; for commercial
use)
COTTAGE RETAIL 1 per building 1 per building 1 per building 1 per building
GROUND
MULTI-PLEX 1 per building 1 per building 1 per building 1 per building
CIVIC 1 per building 1 per building 1 per building 1 per building 1 per building 1 per building
Shaded areas represent Signs that are not permitted in specified Context Area. Multi-plex includes both large and small.
9.10 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2010 FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS
2010.00 APPLICABILITY Awning Sign: A sign that typically includes letters, logos,
The following terms are defined for the purpose of the City symbols and/or designs that may be painted, screen
of Muskegon Form Based Code. printed, or appliquéd to the awning.
In instances where terms are not defined here, they may
be defined elsewhere in the existing municipal zoning B
ordinance. In such cases, the definitions contained DEFINITIONS “B”
within the existing zoning ordinance shall be used for the Balcony: An open outdoor portion of an upper floor.
administration of the City of Muskegon Form Based Code.
Balcony Frontage: A frontage type that contains a
In instances where terms are defined in both the existing recessed balcony that is applied to the upper level floor
ordinances and here, the definitions here shall prevail for of a Building Type along the front street and a storefront
the administration of the City of Muskegon Form Based that is applied to the ground level floor of a Building Type
Code. along the front and side streets. It is always associated
with mixed use buildings. The balcony-storefront frontage
shall be designed to include an open-air space that is
A recessed into the building mass on the upper level(s) and
DEFINITIONS “A” a storefront that is designed to promote an attractive,
Active Use: A use at the street level of a building that convenient shopping experience and transparent wall
allows physical and visual activity to occur between the along the sidewalk.
inside of the building and the sidewalk area. A group
of buildings with active street level uses will generate Basement: An interior space of a building that has more
pedestrian activity on the sidewalk and vehicular activity than one half (1/2) of its height below grade.
in the thoroughfare. Typical active uses include retail and
restaurants at the street level. Bay or Bay Window: An interior portion of an upper floor
extending beyond the building’s exterior wall plane that
Adjacent Grade: The exterior grade immediately adjacent is not supported from below by vertical columns or piers.
to the building or structure from which measurements shall
be taken. Bike Lane, Dedicated: A bike lane that is a portion of the
roadway that has be specifically designated by striping,
Alley: Refer to Rear Alley. signing, and / or pavement markings for the preferential
and exclusive use of bicyclists.
Architectural Elements: Elements of a building that may
project from the façade beyond required build-to-line, Bike Lane, Protected: A bike lane that has a physical
into required setbacks, beyond build-to-zones or into the barrier or vertical separation between moving motor
public right-of-way as indicated in Section 2003.02. These vehicle traffic and bicyclists. Examples of a physical barrier
include balconies, awnings, canopies, eaves, cornices, or vertical separation include plastic posts, bollards, curbs,
bays, and projecting signs. planters, raised bumps, or parked cars.
At-Grade Entry: An entry door that has a zero-step Bike Travel Zone: An element of the Public Realm Type
entrance, typically associated with the Dooryard Standards that is dedicated to accommodating bicycle
Frontage. traffic. This zone may be defined by sharrows (shared
lanes), dedicated bike lanes, and/or protected bike
Attic: An interior space of a building that has only a single lanes. Refer to Section 2007.04 for bicycle facilities that
floor of habitable space and that occurs within the pitched are appropriate for the Bike Travel Zone.
roof structure, whether conditioned or not. Attic space is
typically not among the number of stories regulated by Building Composition: The essential architectural
Context Area or Building Type, unless otherwise noted. characteristics that define a specific Building Type.
Awning: A retractable or fixed shelter projecting from Building Façade: The exterior walls of a building that
and supported by the exterior wall of a building and face either a front or side street, public right-of-way, or
constructed of non-rigid materials on a supporting easement. A building can have more than one facade,
framework. if it is on a corner lot, on the waterfront, or adjacent to a
public right-of-way or civic space.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 10.1
FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS SECTION 2010
Building Footprint: The shape and placement of the Carriage House Building Type: A Building Type that is an
ground floor of a structure on the lot or parcel. accessory structure typically located at the rear of a lot.
It typically provides either a small residential unit or home
Building Footprint, Condominium Site: The area of the office space above the first floor garage. This Type is
condominium site within which the main building or important for providing affordable housing choices that
structure may be constructed as described in the master are integrated into diverse neighborhoods. This Type shall
deed for the site condominium project. only be used in conjunction with the Detached House,
Duplex, Rowhouse, or Live/Work Building Types.
Building Height: Refer to Height, Building.
Civic Building Type: A Building Type that is a small-, medium-
Building Wall: In reference to the walls that face the right- or large-sized detached structure that incorporates uses
of-way lines along front and side streets, public paths, or of special public importance including, but not limited to
civic spaces. Specifically related to the requirements of municipal buildings, churches, and libraries. Civic Buildings
building site placement. typically have less form regulations than other Building
Types because their prominence within the community
Build-To-Line: A measurement that defines the edge in requires more iconic and distinctive form. Civic buildings
which the building walls that face front and side streets are are typically sited in locations of prominence, such as
required to be built to. When a build-to-line is indicated corners of major intersections, terminating a street vista or
in the requirements for a Building Type frontage and / or overlooking or within a civic space. The design of these
Context Area, it is a requirement and not a permissive Building Types is encouraged to allow greater flexibility
minimum as is a set back line. and distinctive architectural expression so that they
can become landmarks. In the Muskegon Form Based
Build-To-Zone: A measurement that defines the range (or Code Area, schools are not considered uses that are
zone) in which the building walls that face front and side appropriate for Civic Buildings.
streets are required to be located within. When a build-
to-zone is indicated on a Building Type frontage and / or Civic Space: An outdoor area dedicated to public
Context Area, it is a requirement that the building walls use that is strategically placed to facilitate use by the
are constructed within this range. surrounding community.
Building Type: Building Types describe the various forms Clear Glass: Refer to Glass, Clear.
of buildings that are permitted in the City of Muskegon
Form Based Code. Each Building Type has its own specific Context Area: Administratively similar to zoning districts
massing, composition, vertical dimension, and frontage in conventional codes, except that they integrate form-
options that create its unique attributes. Building Types based elements, including Building Type, building site
are regulated in Section 2006 and are allowable within placement, and off-street parking placement into the
various Context Areas. regulation.
Building Type and Frontage Zone: An element of the Cornice Expression Line: An architectural feature on
Public Realm Type Standards that represents the portion buildings that acts as an upper termination or capital for
of the public realm that is defined by the building wall the overall composition of the building.
at the sidewalk. It is at this edge that private-sector
development meets public-sector investment. It is also Cottage Retail Building Type: A Building Type that is a
the location where the street wall can promote activity small- to medium-sized detached structure. It is intended
and vibrancy, while enhancing walkability. to provide retail or service uses at the ground floor. This
Type will typically have a residential mass, scale, and
composition that allows it to integrate into adjacent
C residential areas.
DEFINITIONS “C”
Canopy: A fixed shelter projecting from and supported by
the exterior wall of a building and constructed of metal or
other rigid materials.
Canopy Sign: A sign that typically includes letters, logos,
symbols and/or designs that is integrated into a canopy.
10.2 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2010 FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS
D E
DEFINITIONS “D” DEFINITIONS“E”
Dedicated Bike Lane: Refer to Bike Lane, Dedicated. Eave: The projecting overhang along the sloped edge of
a pitched roof.
Detached House Building Type: A Building Type that
is a small- to medium-sized detached structure that Engaged Porch Frontage: A frontage option where the
incorporates one dwelling unit. It is typically located within facade of the building that faces the front and / or side
a primarily single-family neighborhood in a walkable urban streets is setback a medium distance from the front and
setting. This Type enables well-designed higher densities. side streets, typically within a build-to-zone. The resulting
It is an essential Building Type for providing a broad choice yard is typically small and can be defined by a fence or
of housing types. Synonymous with single-family house. hedge to spatially maintain the street edge. The engaged
porch has two adjacent sides of the porch that are
Departure: A Minor or Major modification to selected Form engaged to the building (connected to and enclosed by
Based Code requirements, refer to Section 2002, Tables building walls) while the other two sides are open. Steps
2002.03a and 2002.03b. from the porch may be on the front or side of the porch
and shall lead directly to the sidewalk.
Dooryard Frontage: A frontage option where the facade
of the building that faces the front street is setback a small Expanded Tree Pit: This system is designed to provide street
distance from the street, typically within a build-to-zone. trees a better environment to grow and survive in urban
The front property line is oftentimes defined by a low wall, contexts. The principle behind the expanded tree pit is
fence, or hedge, creating a small dooryard. The dooryard to approximate the growing conditions in which a tree
shall not provide public circulation along the rights-of- species has evolved. The more closely those conditions
way. The dooryard may be raised or at-grade and is most can be achieved, the better a tree will survive and express
often intended for ground floor residential. its genetic potential. An expanded tree pit, or shared
rooting space, may be achieved by linking individual tree
Drive-through Frontage: A frontage option that is pits with an under sidewalk corridor.
identical to the Storefront Frontage, however it includes
an automobile drive-through at the rear or non-street
facing sides. The drive-through may include a covered F
structure at the service window location. This structure DEFINITIONS “F”
is designed to be a secondary element to the building Façade: Refer to Building Façade.
and is consistent with the massing, scale, and design of
the building. This frontage is typically associated with Fascia: Horizontal board that terminates an eave edge of
retail and mixed-use buildings and includes a storefront a sloped or pitched roof.
that is designed in a way that promotes an attractive and
convenient shopping experience. Finish Ceiling: The ceiling surface, usually installed over
building structure or hung from the structure, which
Drive-through Zone: The area (or zone) in which a drive- provides the completed ceiling surface.
through is permitted to be placed on a site. Drive-through
zones are part of requirements of the Drive-Through Finish Floor: The floor, usually laid over a subfloor, which
Frontage. provides the completed floor surface.
Duplex Building Type: A Building Type that is a small- to Flex Building Type: A Building Type that is a medium- to
medium-sized detached structure that consists of two side- large-sized attached or detached structure, typically
by-side or stacked dwelling units, both facing the street built on a large lot. It can be used to provide a vertical
and within a single building massing. This Type has the mix of uses with ground floor industrial, service, retail, or
appearance of a medium-sized single-family house and is residential uses; or it may be a single-use building. This
appropriately scaled to fit in single family neighborhoods. Type is a primary component in a variety of urban context
This Type enables well-designed higher densities. It is an areas that provide a mix of Building Types.
essential Building Type for providing a broad choice of
housing types. Synonymous with two-family house.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 10.3
FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS SECTION 2010
Forecourt Frontage: A frontage option where the facade Ground Cover: Grass, vegetative cover, or other living
of the building that faces the front street is at or near the landscape.
right-of-way line and a small percentage of the facade is
set back, creating a small courtyard space. The courtyard Ground Sign: A free-standing permanent sign that is
area is not covered. Forecourts used in conjunction with mounted directly on the ground or ground level foundation
Mixed-Use Building Types shall have a storefront where and is often used to mark a place of significance or the
the forecourt and courtyard space shall be used as an entrance to a location.
additional shopping space or restaurant seating area.
Form Based Code Area: The area on the City of Muskegon H
Zoning Map (located in Article III, Section 300 of the City DEFINITIONS “H”
Zoning Ordinance) that is designated as a Form Based Height, Building: The number of stories permitted by the
Code District. Lots or parcels located in the Form Based Context Area (Section 2005), with the actual measurement
Code Area are regulated by the Muskegon Form Based of individual story height determined according to
Code. specific Building Types in Section 2006. Measurement of
story height is the distance between the floor and ceiling
Front Street: The property lines of a parcel that are along of that story.
the street of address for the parcel or building. Refer also
to side street. The waterfront is considered an additional Horizontal Expression Band: An architectural element
front street in instances where buildings face the waterfront on buildings that acts as an upper termination for the
and a street of address. storefront frontage. Horizontal Expression Lines extend the
entire width of the building facade above a storefront
Frontage Type: The privately owned area between the and may contain signs. Synonymous with Sign Band.
frontage line and the building façade. Private frontages
are applied to Building Types to ensure that the building
adequately engages the street, sidewalk and public I
realm. Private frontages are specific to Building Types and DEFINITIONS “I”
are defined in subsections for each specific Building Type Illuminated Sign: A sign that is illuminated by an internal or
in Section 2006. Each Building Type has many options external light fixture.
for frontage types and therefore the specific project
requirements will determine what frontage may be used. Internally Illuminated Sign: A sign that is illuminated by an
Selection of frontages are at the discretion of the land internal light fixture.
owner or development team.
Impervious Surface: Any hard surfaced, man-made area
that does not readily absorb or retain water including but
G not limited to building roofs, parking and driveway areas,
DEFINITIONS “G” sidewalks and streets.
Glass, Clear: Glass having a Visual Light Transmittance
(VLT) of seventy (70) percent minimum. Heavily tinted or
reflective glass shall not be considered clear. J
DEFINITIONS “J”
Green Infrastructure: Infrastructure that provides and No definitions for this section.
promotes a network of natural systems within the urban
environment. Green infrastructure manages storm water,
mitigates heat island effect, provides small green spaces, K
improves air quality, and provides habitats for birds and
DEFINITIONS “K”
animals. Green infrastructure includes trees, storm water
No definitions for this section.
planters (including inlet/outlet and overflow mechanisms),
rain gardens, bioswales, surface and subsurface storm
water storage structures, pervious pavements, and water
efficient irrigation. Green infrastructure, when used, shall
be placed in The Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone of the
Public Realm Types.
10.4 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2010 FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS
L M
DEFINITIONS “L” DEFINITIONS “M”
Large Multi-plex Building Type: A Building Type that is a Mandatory: Refer to required.
medium- to large-sized structure that consists of 7 or more
side-by-side and / or stacked dwelling units, typically Massing: The scale and proportions of a building or object.
with one shared entry. This Type is appropriately scaled
to fit in medium-density neighborhoods and enables Median Furnishing and Tree Zone: An element of the Public
well-designed higher densities. It is an essential Building Realm Type Standards that represents the area of the
Type for providing a broad choice of housing types and right-of-way that is dedicated to accommodating street
promoting walkability. This Building Type is most closely trees, planters, and street lighting, in between vehicular
related to apartment buildings or loft condominiums. traffic in the middle of the thoroughfare vehicular zones.
(This element is specific to boulevards.)
Lightwell: A component of the lightwell frontage that is
recessed below the adjacent grade in order to provide a Mixed Use Building Type: A Building Type that is a medium-
landing and access to the basement from the sidewalk. to large-sized typically attached structure. It is intended
Typically used in association with a terrace. Refer to to provide a vertical mix of uses with ground floor retail or
Terrace definition. service uses and upper floor service or residential uses. This
Type makes up the primary component of a main street
Lightwell Frontage: A frontage option where the facade and downtown, and is a Building Type that can provide
of the building that faces the front and / or side streets street vibrancy and enhanced walkability.
is setback a small distance from the front and side
streets, typically within a build-to-zone. This frontage Multi-plex, Large: Refer to Large Multi-plex Building Type.
has a combined elevated terrace and sunken lightwell
between the building wall and property line. This frontage Multi-plex, Small: Refer to Small Multi-plex Building Type.
type buffers residential, retail, and service uses from urban
sidewalks and removes the private yard from public
encroachment. N
DEFINITIONS “N”
Liner Building: A specialized building that is designed New Development: Development occurring on a vacant
to conceal a parking structure or parking lot. The liner parcel of land.
building may be an independent building or may be
physically attached to a parking structure so that parking Nonconforming sign:
may be accessed directly from floor to floor between the 1. A sign that is prohibited under the terms of this
building and structure. Article, but was erected lawfully and was in
use on the date of enactment of this Article, or
Live / Work Building Type: A Building Type that is a small- amendment thereto; or
to medium-sized attached structure that consists of one
dwelling unit above and/or behind a flexible ground 2. A sign that does not conform to the requirements
floor space that can be used for residential, service, or of this Article, but for which a variance has been
retail uses. Both the ground floor space and the dwelling granted.
unit are owned by one entity. This Type is especially
appropriate for incubating retail and service uses and
allowing neighborhood retail to expand as the market O
demands. DEFINITIONS “O”
On-street Parking Zone: An element of the Public Realm
Lot Coverage: The percentage of the lot that is taken up Type Standards that represents the area of the right-of-
by buildings. way that is dedicated to accommodating on-street
automobile parking. It is the zone that typically separates
and protects people from traffic.
Optional: A feature or element that is not required, but
may be provided on the project at the applicant’s
discretion.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 10.5
FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS SECTION 2010
Outdoor Seating: Patio, terrace, walkway, sidewalk, lawn Projecting Sign: A double faced sign that is attached to
or garden or any other place (which is not enclosed) the face of a building and projects from the wall of the
where seating is permitted, usually in association with a building at a ninety (90) degree angle. Projecting signs
restaurant, bar or other related commercial uses. may include logos or creative art and graphics as part
of the sign composition and may be fabricated of wood,
metal, fabric, or other durable material.
P
DEFINITIONS “P” Protected Bike Lane: Refer to Bike Lane, Protected.
Parapet: A part of the facade that extends above the
roof, typically located on flat roof buildings. Parapet Public Realm: The area between the façade of a building
heights are measured from the roof line. and the corresponding façade of the building across the
street, typically defined by the rights-of-way lines of the
Parkway: The landscaped area between the sidewalk roadway or street.
and the curb in a thoroughfare assembly. Located
within the Sidewalk Furnishing Zone of the Public Realm. Public Realm Type Standard: Public Realm Type Standards
Synonymous with Planting Strip and is also sometimes describe the space within the public realm, between the
referred to as a terrace in Muskegon. rights-of-way lines. The standards include the sidewalk,
parkway, furnishing zones, curbs, parking lanes, bike lanes,
Pilaster: A decorative or structural column that is attached and automobile travel lanes of streets. The Standards are
to the façade of a building. Pilasters may be round, in divided into zones with specific attributes for each Public
which case they are detailed exactly like a free-standing Realm type. Refer to Section 2007.
column. Square or rectangular pilasters may be detailed
in a simpler manner and sometimes are a wall projection
(common in masonry buildings). Q
DEFINITIONS “Q”
Porch: A slightly elevated partially enclosed area attached No definitions for this section.
to a building and covered with a roof. A porch is typically
wide and deep enough to accommodate some seating.
R
Porch, Engaged: A porch that has two adjacent sides DEFINITIONS “R”
that are engaged to the building (connected to and Rake board: The trim board along the sloping edge of a
enclosed by building walls) while the other two sides are gable roof.
open. Steps from the porch may be on the front or side of
the porch and shall lead directly to the sidewalk. Refer to Rear alley: A dedicated right-of-way or easement
Engaged Porch Frontage. providing access for service and parking at the rear of a
parcel. Not intended for general traffic circulation.
Porch, Projecting: A porch that is open on three sides and
all habitable space of the building is located behind the Retail Building Type: A Building Type that is a medium-
rear edge of the porch. The porch is elevated above the to large-sized typically attached structure. It is intended
sidewalk. Steps from the porch may be on the front or to provide a single story building with ground floor retail
side of the porch and shall lead directly to the sidewalk. or service uses. This Type makes up the secondary
Refer to Projecting Porch Frontage. component of a main street and is a Building Type that
can provide street vibrancy and enhanced walkability.
Projecting Porch Frontage: A frontage option where the
facade of the building that faces the front and / or side Required: An element or feature that is required to be
streets is setback a medium distance from the front and provided on the project. Synonymous with Mandatory.
side streets, typically within a build-to-zone. The resulting
yard is typically small and can be defined by a fence Right-of-Way (ROW): An area owned or maintained by
or hedge to spatially maintain the street edge. The a local, county, state or federal entity, a public utility, a
projecting porch is open on three sides and all habitable railroad or a private concern for the placement of utilities
space of the building is located behind the rear edge or facilities for the passage of vehicles or pedestrians,
of the porch. The porch is elevated above the sidewalk. including roads, streets, pedestrian walkways, utilities or
Steps from the porch may be on the front or side of the railroads.
porch and shall lead directly to the sidewalk.
10.6 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2010 FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS
Right-of-Way Line: A line that forms the boundary of the Sidewalk Walking Zone: An element of the Public Realm
right-of-way. Type Standards that represents the area dedicated
exclusively to pedestrian activity and travel.
Roof Line: The top of a flat roof adjacent to the required
parapet. Used for measuring the height of the parapet. Sign Band: An architectural element on buildings that
acts as a horizontal upper termination for the Storefront
Roof Surface: The average height of the roof surface Private Frontage. Sign Bands extend the entire width of
surrounding adjacent elevators and stair enclosures that the building facade above a storefront and may contain
extend above the roof of a building. Used for measuring signs. Synonymous with Horizontal Expression Band.
the height of elevators and stair enclosures
Sign Band Sign: A sign that is painted on, incorporated
Rowhouse Building Type: A Building Type that is a small- in, or attached directly to the sign band or horizontal
to medium-sized attached structure that consists of 2 to expression band above a storefront window or transom
8 rowhouses placed side-by-side. This Type is typically on buildings types with the following frontages: Storefront,
located within medium-density neighborhoods or in a Balcony, or Drive-through.
location that transitions from single-family to mixed-use.
This Type enables well-designed higher densities. It is an Site Placement: The placement or location of a building
essential Building Type for providing a broad choice of footprint on a lot or parcel.
housing types and promoting walkability.
Small Multi-plex Building Type: A Building Type is a
medium-sized structure that consists of 3 to 6 side-by-side
S and / or stacked dwelling units, typically with one shared
DEFINITIONS “S” entry or individual entries along the front. This Type has
Scale: Refers to the size of the building, street fixture, sign the appearance of a large single-family house and is
or other built or constructed element. appropriately scaled to fit in single family neighborhoods.
This Type enables well-designed higher densities. It is an
Secondary Wing: A portion of the Small Multi-Plex building essential Building Type for providing a broad choice of
that is subservient to the main building in site placement, housing types and promoting walkability. This Building
size, mass, scale and sometimes height. The secondary Type is most closely related to small apartment buildings.
wing is attached to the main building and in the rear of
the site, typically along the secondary street. Street of Address: The street that has the address of the
building, lot, or parcel. Synonymous with Front Street.
Setback: The minimum horizontal distance required by this
Form Based Code, measured from the front, side or rear Stoop: A slightly elevated unenclosed area attached to a
lot line as applicable, to govern the location of buildings, building and corresponding to a door. A stoop is always
structures or uses on the lot. covered with a roof, except in instances where it is used
as a frontage on the Rowhouse and Detached House
Sharrow: A shared lane marking within a vehicle travel Building Types, where it may be used without a roof.
lane of a street’s surface that indicates that bicyclists may
use any portion of the full width of the travel lane. Stoop Frontage: A frontage option where the facade of
the building that faces the front and / or side streets is
Side Street: The property lines of a parcel that are along setback a small distance from the front and side streets,
any street other than the street of address for the parcel typically within a build-to-zone. The stoop is elevated
or building. Refer also to front street. above the sidewalk. Steps or a ramp from the stoop may
lead directly to the sidewalk or may be side-loaded.
Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone: An element of the
Public Realm Type Standards that represents the area of Storefront Frontage: A frontage option at the ground level
the right-of-way that is dedicated to accommodating floor of a Building Type along the front and / or side streets.
street trees, planters, street lighting, sidewalk signs, seating, It is typically associated with retail and mixed use buildings.
public art, transit amenities, and green infrastructure. The storefront shall be designed in a way that promotes
an attractive and convenient shopping experience and
Sidewalk Sign: A temporary and portable sign that is a transparent wall along the sidewalk. Storefronts are at
not permanently affixed to a structure or ground and is grade with the sidewalk and are sometimes shaded by
placed on the sidewalk in front of a business during normal awnings.
business hours. Synonymous with Sandwich Board Sign.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 10.7
FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS SECTION 2010
Storefront Base: The knee wall located at the sidewalk Retail Building Types. This side of the wall is required to be
that the storefront window sits on. Sometimes referred to placed at the property line (build-to-line).
as a bulkhead wall.
Thoroughfare: An element of the Public Realm Type
Story: The distance between any two adjacent floors or Standards that represents the area of the right-of-way
floor lines, measured as the distance between the finished that is dedicated to vehicular movement.
floor and related finished ceiling in feet and inches. Actual
story heights are regulated by Building Type (Section Transom: A small horizontal window located above the
2006). Number of stories are regulated by and Context storefront and entry door to allow light or air into the retail
Area (Section 2005). building.
Structural Soil: Part of street tree planting requirements in Transparency: The ability to see through with clarity.
Public Realm Standards (Section 2007). Structural Soil is a An opening in a building wall allowing light and views
designed medium that can be compacted to pavement between interior and exterior through the use of clear
design and installation requirements while permitting root glass. Only clear or lightly tinted glass in windows, doors
growth. It is a mixture of gap-graded gravels (made of and display windows is considered clear. Heavily tinted
crushed stone), clay loam, and a hydrogel stabilizing glass or reflective glass shall not be considered clear.
agent to keep the mixture from separating. It provides Interior display shelves and merchandise are not allowed
an integrated, root penetrable, high strength pavement to obstruct views into or out of any windows, doors or
system that shifts design away from individual tree pits. display areas that are considered part of the transparency
calculation. Windows, doors and display areas provide
clear views into and out of the building. Transparency
T is integral to the relationship of buildings and the street
DEFINITIONS “T” because of the permeable edge and dialogue that it
Terrace: A component of the lightwell frontage that is creates between the interior and exterior of buildings.
elevated above the adjacent grade in order to provide Refer to Glass, Clear.
a landing and access to the first floor from the sidewalk.
Typically used in association with a lightwell. Refer to Tree Pit, Traditional: In an urban context, the space in the
Lightwell definition. Note that the term Terrace is also ground where a tree is planted. Traditionally, tree pits are
associated with its own frontage type (refer to definition 5 foot square or less and covered by tree grate (or more
for Terrace Frontage). The term terrace is also used in recently a permeable surface surrounding the tree). Best
the City of Muskegon to reference the landscaped area practices for the long term growth and sustainability of
between the sidewalk and curb along a street. The the urban street tree is to include an expanded tree pit as
Muskegon Form Based Code refers to this area as either part of the planting strategy.
a parkway or as the Sidewalk Furnishing and Tree Zone in
the Public Realm Standards. Tree Pit, Expanded: An expanded pit, or shared rooting
space for urban plantings may be achieved by linking
Terrace Frontage: A frontage option where the facade of individual pits with a corridor at least 18” deep and 4’ wide
the building that faces the front street is set back from the of suitable soil blended into the site soil to avoid boundaries
right-of-way line to accommodate an elevated terrace. of soil discontinuity. The principle behind the expanded
The terrace provides circulation along the facade. This tree pit is to approximate the growing conditions in
Frontage Type can be used to provide at-grade access which a tree species has evolved. The more closely those
while accommodating a grade change. Frequent steps conditions can be achieved, the better a tree will survive
up to the terrace are necessary to avoid dead walls and express its genetic potential. Expanded tree pits are
and maximize access. This frontage may also be used typically sub-surface (with only a traditional tree pit and
in historic industrial areas to mimic historic loading docks. tree visible at the sidewalk). Expanded tree pits may be
This frontage type is conditionally permitted to be used above surface in the form of raised planters in less urban
when buildings are along a sloped grade that limits at intense areas.
grade access. When the frontage is used on Mixed-Use
Building Types and Retail Building Types, it is required to
have a storefront. U
DEFINITIONS “U”
Terrace Leading Edge: The street side (side closest to No definitions for this section.
street) of the Terrace Frontage wall on Mixed Use and
10.8 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
SECTION 2010 FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS
V
DEFINITIONS “V”
Vehicle Travel Zone: An element of the Public Realm Type
Standards that represents the area of the right-of-way
that is dedicated to vehicular (automobiles, transit, and/
or freight).
Vertically proportioned: Typically referring to the
orientation of building windows, where the height of the
window is taller than the width of the window.
W
DEFINITIONS “W”
Wall Sign: A sign that is painted on, incorporated in, or
attached directly to a building wall, with the exposed
face of the sign in place parallel to the building wall.
Waterfront Edge Public Realm Type Standard: The
dedicated public space (either as defined by a right-of-
way or easement) between the lakeshore and area of
the lot or parcel that can accommodate a building. The
Waterfront Edge acts as a connector for pedestrians and
bikes, and as a public space for commercial, residential,
and recreational activity. The space is urban in character
with fronts of buildings and active frontages facing the
waterfront.
Window Sign: Window Signs are any sign, picture, symbol
or combination thereof that is designed to communicate
information about activity, business, commodity, event,
sale, or service that is placed on the interior of the window
and which is intended to be seen by the public from
the outside. Window signs include neon tube signs that
indicate “open” for business and other neon tube signs as
indicated in this subsection.
X
DEFINITIONS “X”
No definitions for this section.
Y
DEFINITIONS “Y”
Yard: The space on a lot which is unoccupied by buildings
and unobstructed from the ground to the sky.
Z
DEFINITIONS “Z”
No definitions for this section.
CITY OF MUSKEGON DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE 10.9
FORM BASED CODE DEFINITIONS SECTION 2010
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10.10 DOWNTOWN FORM BASED CODE CITY OF MUSKEGON
End of Article XX, Muskegon Form Based Code
CITY OF MUSKEGON
FORM BASED CODE
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