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City of Muskegon
Muskegon County, Michigan
Ordinance Amendment No. 2550
THE CITY OF MUSKEGON HEREBY ORDAINS:
1. Chapter 92, Article VIII, Sections 92-500 through 92-504 of the Code of Ordinances of
the City of Muskegon, Michigan, is adopted as follows:
Sec. 92-500. Purpose.
The City of Muskegon finds that unauthorized motor vehicle speed exhibition events—
commonly known as “street takeovers,” “sideshows,” or “slideshows”—pose a serious threat to
public safety, disrupt neighborhoods, damage infrastructure, and endanger motorists, pedestrians,
and first responders. This ordinance is adopted to deter such behavior, enhance enforcement
options, and provide for progressive administrative response through impoundment authority and
advance notice procedures.
Sec. 92- 501 Definitions.
For purposes of this Article:
(a) Unlawful Speed Exhibition Event means any unpermitted motor vehicle activity on a public
roadway, highway, alley, bridge, parking lot, or other publicly accessible space that:
(1) May be preplanned or contemporaneously coordinated by two or more persons;
(2) Involves spinning of tires, burnouts, “donuts,” drifting, or the creation of tire smoke;
(3) Involves rapid acceleration or deceleration intended to create noise, disruptions to
traffic operations, nuisance to the public, and/or attention;
(4) Involves excessive speed or street racing;
(5) Involves any other motor vehicle maneuvers performed recklessly or for the purpose
of entertainment, stunt driving, or show; or
(6) Involves a person knowingly using or aiding a motor vehicle or other obstacle to
create a physical barrier that impedes or blocks an intersection, bridge, public right-of-
way, or other public place or highway, thereby creating a location or opportunity for a
speed exhibition event to occur.
(b) Unpermitted means without the express written permission of the owner of private property
on which the activity occurs or without prior authorization from the City of Muskegon for use of
public property or right-of-way.
(c) Warning Letter means a written notice issued to the registered owner of a vehicle, advising
that the vehicle was observed to be involved in or aiding in an unlawful speed exhibition event.
Sec. 92 502. Prohibited Conduct.
No person shall engage in, participate in, aid in, coordinate, or facilitate an unlawful speed
exhibition event as defined in this Article.
Sec. 92- 503. Vehicle Impoundment and Warning Procedure.
(a) A law enforcement officer who has reasonable suspicion to believe a motor vehicle is actively
participating in or aiding in an unlawful speed exhibition event may issue a Warning Letter to the
vehicle’s registered owner within seven days of the event. The letter shall:
(1) State that the vehicle was identified in or aiding in an unlawful speed exhibition
event. The Warning Letter shall identify the location, date and time, of the event. The
letter shall provide the process to appeal the Notice to the Director of Public Safety;
(2) Serve as notice that any future involvement or assistance in an unlawful speed exhibit
may result in immediate impoundment of the vehicle; and
(3) Remain valid for a period of one (1) year from the date of issuance.
(b) The owner of the vehicle may file a written appeal to the issuance of the Warning Letter to
the Director of Public Safety. The written appeal must be submitted within 10 business days to
the Director of Public Safety, along with any evidence or written statements that relate to the
Warning Letter. The Director of Public Safety’s decision shall be in writing and shall be final.
(c) If a vehicle is subsequently involved in or aiding in another unlawful speed exhibition event
within one (1) year of a prior Warning Letter, and a law enforcement officer has probable cause
to believe the vehicle was used in or aiding in the event, the law enforcement officer may cause
the vehicle to be impounded.
(d) If a law enforcement officer is required to enter private property to search for and impound a
vehicle that is in violation of this section, the law enforcement officer must submit a request to
the district court for an order authorizing the law enforcement officer to enter said private
property, unless the law enforcement officer has other legal justification for entering the property
and impounding the vehicle or obtains consent from the property owner and vehicle owner.
(e) If an owner’s vehicle is impounded, the owner may take ownership of the vehicle at any time
so long that all towing and storage fees associated with an impoundment are paid in full. The
owner of the vehicle is fully responsible for all fees associated with impoundment and storage of
the vehicle.
Sec. 92- 504. Penalties.
(a) Any person who owns a vehicle used in an unlawful speed exhibition event in violation of
this ordinance, or any person who knowingly allowed a vehicle to be used in an unlawful speed
exhibition event in violation of this ordinance, or any person who failed to exercise reasonable
control over the use of a vehicle involved in an unlawful speed exhibition shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor, punishable by a term of imprisonment of not more than 90 days and a fine of not
more than $500.00, or both.
(b) Nothing in this Article shall be construed to impose liability or penalties on individuals who
are solely spectators or bystanders.
This Ordinance Adopted:
Ayes: Kochin, St.Clair, Johnson, Kilgo, Keener, German, and Gorman
Nays: None
Adoption Date: November 10, 2025
Effective Date: November 28, 2025
First Reading: October 14, 2025
Second Reading: November 10, 2025
CITY OF MUSKEGON
By:
Ann Marie Meisch, MMC
Clerk, City of Muskegon
CERTIFICATE
The undersigned, being the duly qualified clerk of the City of Muskegon, Muskegon County,
Michigan, does hereby certify that the foregoing is a true and complete copy of an ordinance
adopted by the City Commission of the City of Muskegon, at a regular meeting of the City
Commission on the 10th day of November, 2025, at which meeting a quorum was present and
remained throughout, and that the original of said ordinance is on file in the records of the City of
Muskegon. I further certify that the meeting was conducted, and public notice was given, pursuant
to, and in full compliance with Act No. 267, Public Acts of Michigan of 1976, as amended, and
that minutes were kept and will be, or have been made available as required thereby.
CITY OF MUSKEGON
By: ____________
Ann Marie Meisch, MCC
Clerk, City of Muskegon
Published: November 18, 2025
Publish: Notice of Adoption to be published once within ten (10) days of final adoption.
CITY OF MUSKEGON
NOTICE OF ADOPTION
TO: ALL PERSONS INTERESTED
Please take notice that on November 10, 2025, the City Commission of the City of
Muskegon adopted an amendment to Sections 92-500 through 92-504, summarized as follows:
1. Section 92-500 provides the purpose for the Unlawful Speed Exhibit Events Ordinance.
2. Section 92-501 provides the definitions for the Unlawful Speed Exhibition Event
Ordinance.
3. Section 92-502 prohibits Unlawful Speed Exhibition Event.
4. Section 92-503 provides a warning procedure and impoundment of vehicles involved in
an Unlawful Speed Exhibition Event.
5. Section 92-504 provides the penalties for violating the Unlawful Speed Exhibition Event
Ordinance.
Copies of the ordinance may be viewed and purchased at reasonable cost at the Office of the City
Clerk in the City Hall, 933 Terrace Street, Muskegon, Michigan, 49440 during regular business
hours.
This ordinance amendment is effective ten (10) days from the date of this publication.
CITY OF MUSKEGON
By: Ann Marie Meisch, MCC Clerk,
City of Muskegon
Published: November 18, 2025
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