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Chapter 92
TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES*
Article I. In General
Secs. 92-1—92-13. Reserved.
Article II. Michigan Vehicle Code
Sec. 92-14. Code adopted.
Sec. 92-15. References in code.
Sec. 92-16. Notice to be published.
Sec. 92-17. Penalties.
Secs. 92-18—92-30. Reserved.
Article III. Uniform Traffic Code
Sec. 92-31. Code and amendments and revisions adopted.
Sec. 92-32. References in code.
Sec. 92-33. Changes in code.
Secs. 92-34—92-50. Reserved.
Article IV. Junk Vehicles
Sec. 92-51. Title.
Sec. 92-52. Purpose.
Sec. 92-53. Definitions.
Sec. 92-54. General prohibition.
Sec. 92-55. Storage requirements and prohibitions.
Sec. 92-56. Notice of violation; removal; impounding; penalty.
Secs. 92-57—92-70. Reserved.
Article V. Local Parking Restrictions
Sec. 92-71. Parking restrictions.
Sec. 92-72. Snow emergency.
Sec. 92-73. Parking violations bureau; minimum parking fines.
Secs. 92-74—92-99. Reserved.
Article VI. Electric Scooters and Bikes
Sec. 92-100. Purpose.
Sec. 92-101. Definitions.
Sec. 92-102. Rules and regulations.
Sec. 92-103. Registration.
Sec. 92-104. Enforcement.
*State law references—Michigan Vehicle Code, MCL 257.1 et seq.; regulations by local authorities, MCL 257.605, 257.606,
257.610.
Supp. No. 8 CD92:1
TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES § 92-71
(i) Within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a (ii) A special registration plate issued
railroad crossing; under section 803d of the Michigan
(j) Within 20 feet of the driveway entrance Vehicle Code to a disabled person.
to any fire station and on the side of the (iii) A similar certificate of identifica-
street opposite the entrance to any fire tion or windshield placard issued by
station within 75 feet of the entrance if another state to a disabled person.
properly marked by an official sign;
(iv) A similar special registration plate
(k) Alongside or opposite any street excava- issued by another state to a disabled
tion or obstruction, if the stopping, stand- person.
ing, or parking would obstruct traffic;
(v) A special registration plate to which
(l) On the roadway side of a vehicle stopped a tab for persons with disabilities is
or parked at the edge or curb of a street; attached issued under this act.
(m) Upon a bridge or other elevated highway
(t) In a clearly identified access aisle or
structure or within a highway tunnel;
access lane immediately adjacent to a
(n) At a place where an official sign prohibits space designated for parking by persons
stopping or parking; with disabilities;
(o) Within 500 feet of an accident at which a (u) On a street or other area open to the
police officer is in attendance, if the parking of vehicles that results in the
scene of the accident is outside of a city vehicle interfering with the use of a
or village; curb-cut or ramp by persons with dis-
(p) In front of a theater; abilities;
(q) In a place or in a manner that blocks (v) Within 500 feet of a fire at which fire
immediate egress from an emergency apparatus is in attendance, if the scene
exit conspicuously marked as an of the fire is outside a city or village.
emergency exit of a building; However, volunteer fire fighters respond-
(r) In a place or in a manner that blocks or ing to the fire may park within 500 feet
hampers the immediate use of an immedi- of the fire in a manner not to interfere
ate egress from a fire escape conspicu- with fire apparatus at the scene. A vehicle
ously marked as a fire escape providing parked legally previous to the fire is
an emergency means of egress form a exempt from this subdivision;
building;
(w) In violation of an official sign restricting
(s) In a parking space clearly identified by the period of time for a manner of park-
an official sign as being reserved for use ing;
by disabled persons that is on public
property or private property available for (x) In a space controlled or regulated by a
public use, unless the individual is a meter on a public highway or in a publicly
disabled person as described in section owned parking area or structure, if the
19a of the Michigan Vehicle Code or allowable time for parking indicated on
unless the individual is parking the vehicle the meter has expired, unless the vehicle
for the benefit of a disabled person. In properly displays one or more of the
order for the vehicle to be parked in the items listed in section 675(8) of the
parking space the vehicle shall display Michigan Vehicle Code;
one of the following: (y) On a street or highway in such a way as
(i) A certificate of identification or to obstruct the delivery of mail to a rural
windshield placard issued under sec- mailbox obstruct the delivery of mail to a
tion 675 of the Michigan Vehicle rural mailbox by a carrier of the United
Code to a disabled person. States postal service;
Supp. No. 7 CD92:13
§ 92-71 MUSKEGON CITY CODE
(z) In a place or in a manner that blocks the allowed parking on only one side of the
use of an alley; street, but not on the paved portion of the
terrace;
(aa) In a place or in a manner that blocks
access to a space clearly designated as a (LO8) In any public park, beach or other
fire lane; public area between the hours of 11:00
(LO1) On those streets that have been signed p.m. and 5:00 a.m.;
or marked for angle parking, a person (L09) From December 1 through March 1 of
shall not stop, stand, or park a vehicle each year where parking is currently
other than at the angle to the curb or allowed on both sides of the street, on
edge of the roadway indicated by the street parking is modified as follows:
signs or markings. The front of the vehicle
must be nearest the curb or edge of a) Parking is allowed on the side of the
roadway and the rear of the vehicle street with even numbered addresses
nearest the travel portion of the roadway on even numbered calendar days
or parking area (no backing in); between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and
5:00 p.m.
(LO2) A person shall not stand or park a
vehicle in a roadway other than parallel b) Parking is allowed on the side of the
with the edge of the roadway, headed in street with odd numbered addresses
the direction of lawful traffic movement, on odd numbered calendar days
and with the right hand wheels of the between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and
vehicle within 12 inches of the curb or 5:00 p.m.
edge of the roadway, except otherwise c) Parking is allowed on both sides of
provided in this part; the street all days between the hours
(LO3) A person shall not stop, stand, or park of 5:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m.
a vehicle other than a bus in a bus stop or Where parking is currently allowed on
other than a taxi cab in a taxi cab stand one side of the street only, parking is
when the stop or stand has been officially allowed except between the hours of 2:00
designated and appropriately signed, a.m. and 6:00 a.m.
except that the driver of a passenger
vehicle may temporarily stop therein for In the downtown business areas:
the purpose of, and while actually engaged a) Bounded by Shoreline Drive head-
in, the expeditious loading or unloading ing easterly from Seventh Street to
of passengers, if the stopping does not Spring Street, heading southerly on
interfere with any bus or taxi cab waiting Spring Street from Shoreline Drive
to enter or about to enter the zone; to Apple Avenue, heading westerly
(LO4) On unimproved side or front yards of on Apple Avenue from Spring Street
residential lots; to Muskegon Avenue, heading
westerly on Muskegon Avenue from
(LO5) Within 50 feet of a public boat launch; Apple Avenue to Ninth Street, and
(LO6) Other than between painted lines in heading northerly on Ninth Street
designated parking areas; to Western Avenue, heading westerly
on Western Avenue from Ninth
(LO7) Along or on any unpaved parkway,
Street to Seventh Street, heading
except where the same is used for a
northerly on Seventh Street from
driveway to enter private or public
Western Avenue to Shoreline Drive;
property. Parking on the terrace (i.e., the
and
area between the property line and the
street) is permitted from December 1 b) On Third Street from Merrill Avenue
through March 1 on those streets having to Muskegon Avenue.
Supp. No. 7 CD92:14
TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES § 92-71
Parking is allowed except between the 3. A person who violates this section is
hours of 2:00 a.m. and 6:00 a.m. responsible for a civil infraction.
All signed parking restrictions apply all (LO12) No vehicle shall display a for sale
days of the week. sign while parked on any public street or
This section applies to every portion of property;
every block of every city street. (LO13) No person shall drive or operate a
(LO10) Commercial vehicle defined: Com- motor vehicle in any area or place other
mercial vehicle includes all motor vehicles than the public streets and roadways or
used for the transportation of passengers other such areas so designated for the
for hire, or constructed or used for vehicular travel, and no person shall
transportation of goods, wares or drive or operate a motor vehicle along or
merchandise, and/or all motor vehicles upon any unpaved parkway except where
designed and used for drawing other the same is used for a driveway to enter
vehicles and not so constructed as to private or public property, nor shall any
carry any load thereon either person drive or operate a motor vehicle
independently or any part of the weight in any public park beach or other public
of a vehicle or load so drawn: area, except in those areas designated
for vehicular travel therein.
1. No commercial vehicle shall be
parked upon any street or alley for (2) A person shall not move a vehicle not
a period longer than two hours. owned by the person into a prohibited area or
away from a curb a distance that makes the
2. No commercial vehicle shall be
parking unlawful.
parked at any angle to the line of
the street or alley while loading or (3) A bus, for the purpose of taking on or
unloading for a period longer than discharging passengers, may be stopped at a
one hour. place described in subsection (1)(b), (d), or (f) or
3. No commercial vehicle shall be on the roadway side of a vehicle illegally parked
parked at any angle to the line of in a legally designated bus loading zone. A bus,
the street or alley where such vehicle for the purpose of taking on or discharging a
would prohibit the free flow of traf- passenger, may be stopped at a place described
fic. in subsection (1)(n) if the place is posted by and
appropriate bus stop sign, except that a bus shall
4. No commercial vehicle shall be not stop at such a place if the stopping is
parked in residential areas. specifically prohibited by the responsible local
(LO11) Special provisions relating to trailers authority, the state transportation department,
and semitrailers: or the director of the department of state police.
1. No unattached trailer or semitrailer (4) A person who violated this section is
shall be parked on any street or responsible for a civil infraction.
alley at any time except when it is
(LO14) A person shall not allow a motor
necessary to temporarily disconnect
vehicle to stand on a highway or places
such trailer or semitrailer for
open to the public unattended without
convenience in loading or unload-
engaging the parking brake or placing
ing.
the vehicle in park, stopping the motor of
2. Streets in a business district may the vehicle, and removing and taking
be designated on which no trailer possession of the ignition key. If the
shall be stopped, parked or allowed vehicle is standing upon a grade, the
to stand between the hours of 10:00 front wheels of the vehicle shall be turned
a.m. and 6:00 p.m. to the curb or side of the highway. This
Supp. No. 7 CD92:15
§ 92-71 MUSKEGON CITY CODE
section does not apply to a vehicle that is on any street during a declared snow
standing in a place and is equipped with emergency and to transport the same to
a remote start feature, if the remote start an impound facility designated by the
feature is engaged. city. Towing, storage and impound fees
(Ord. No. 2331, 12-9-2014; Ord. No. 2350, 3-22- shall be charged to the owner of the
2016; Ord. No. 2376, 9-26-2017; Ord. No. 2394, vehicle and/or trailer impounded. All
§§ 1, 2, 12-11-2018; Ord. No. 2396, § 1, 12-18- impounding fees shall be paid prior to
2018; Ord. No. 2397, § 1, 12-18-2018) the return of the vehicle or trailer to the
State law references—Uniform Traffic Code, MCL owner.
257.951 et seq.; Michigan Vehicle Code, MCL 257.1 et seq.
(c) In addition to liability for towing, storage
Sec. 92-72. Snow emergency. and any other impound fees related to
removal of a vehicle and/or trailer from
(1) No parking during snow emergency. Except the street during a declared snow
as otherwise provided in this article, no person emergency, the registered owner and/or
shall park any vehicle and/or trailer on any driver of such vehicle may be ticketed for
street during a declared snow emergency. Permits violation of this article. Such a violation
for on-street parking issued under any ordinance shall constitute a civil infraction.
or authority of the city shall not be valid during
a declared snow emergency. (4) Termination.
(2) Declaration of emergency. (a) Whenever the mayor, or in the absence of
the mayor the vice mayor, or in the
(a) In the interest of the public health, safety absence of both then the city manager,
and welfare and at the request of appropri- finds the conditions which gave rise to a
ate municipal staff, the mayor or, in snow emergency no longer exist, it shall
his/her absence, the vice mayor or, if be terminated by notice given
neither are available, the city manager substantially in the same manner it was
may declare a snow emergency whenever declared.
ice or snow has accumulated or is
significantly likely to accumulate to such (b) In the absence of an official termination
an extent as to impede safe travel upon of the snow emergency, the parking
the city streets. prohibition shall be lifted on those streets
where the city has completed snow plow-
(b) Upon declaration of a snow emergency, ing from curb to curb for the length
the city's designated representative shall thereof lying between two successive street
immediately publicize the snow emergency intersections and the snow or sleet has
and parking prohibition in a manner stopped.
reasonably calculated to inform the public
of the requirements of this article. The (c) In the absence of (a) or (b) above, the
snow emergency shall be effective six snow emergency shall terminate automati-
hours after its initial declaration and cally 48 hours after the effective time of
publication. the declaration unless the emergency
has been extended and notice of said
(3) Time limit for removal of parked vehicle— extension has been given in substantially
Impoundment conditions and penalties. the same manner the emergency was
(a) Within six hours of the declaration of the first declared.
snow emergency, any motor vehicle or
(5) Presumption that owner parked vehicle or
trailer on any street, road or avenue
trailer. In any proceeding for a violation of this
within the city shall be removed.
chapter, proof that the motor vehicle or trailer
(b) The city is hereby authorized to remove described in the complaint was parked in viola-
any vehicle and/or trailer which is parked tion of such chapter, together with proof that the
Supp. No. 7 CD92:16
TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES § 92-73
defendant named in the complaint was at the (6) Other parking restrictions remain in force.
time of such violation the registered owner of Nothing contained in this article shall be construed
such vehicle or trailer, shall constitute a presump- to permit parking at any time or place where it is
tion that the registered owner of such vehicle or prohibited by any other provision of law.
trailer was the person who parked such vehicle (Ord. No. 2331, 12-9-2014)
or trailer at the point where and for the time
during which such violation occurred.
Sec. 92-73. Parking violations bureau; minimum parking fines.
(1) Pursuant to the provisions of state law MCL 600.8395, there is hereby established within the
city a parking violations bureau to accept pleas of responsible in motor vehicle parking violation cases
and to collect and retain fines and costs as prescribed by ordinance.
(2) Upon pleading responsible or being found responsible by a court, the fines for parking violations
shall be as follows:
(2.1) Level 1 parking violations.
Code 92-71(1) Offense
LO1 Violation of angle parking/backed into space signs
LO2 Too far from curb
LO2 Parking facing traffic
LO3 Loading zone, passenger zone (bus/taxi cab zone)
w Parking overtime
x Meter parking
The penalties for level 1 parking violations are as follows:
If paid within 14 days If paid after 14 days but If paid after 21 days but After 30 days
before 21 days before 30 days
$10.00 $20.00 $30.00 $60.00
(2.2) Level 2 parking violations.
Code § 92-71(1) Offense
a Parking on sidewalk
b Blocking driveways
c Within an intersection
e In a crosswalk
f Within 20 feet of a crosswalk or within 15 feet of property lines at
intersection
g Too close to a flashing beacon, stop sign, yield sign, traffic control
signal, or other traffic sign
h In a safety zone
i Too close to railroad
j Too close to fire station entrance
k Parking: obstruct traffic
m Parking on a bridge or in a tunnel
n Posted prohibited parking; parking violation of any posted signs
o Parking within 500 feet of an accident
p Parking in front of a theater
q Blocking emergency exits
Supp. No. 7 CD92:17
§ 92-73 MUSKEGON CITY CODE
Code § 92-71(1) Offense
r Blocking fire escape
v Within 500 feet of a fire or fire apparatus (except volunteers and
vehicles legally parked before the fire)
y Obstruct mail delivery
z Alley parking
LO4 Front and side yard parking
LO7 Parking on terrace or parkway
LO9 2a—6a parking prohibited
LO10 Commercial vehicles
LO11 Unattached trailers and semitrailers
LO12 Display of for sale sign while parked on city street or terrace
Other violations
L014 Unattended vehicles (running)
The penalties for level 2 parking violations are as follows:
If paid within 14 days If paid after 14 days but If paid after 21 days but If paid after 30 days
before 21 days before 30 days
$15.00 $30.00 $45.00 $70.00
(2.3) Level 3 parking violations.
Code § 92-71(1) Offense
d Too close to a fire hydrant
l Double parking
LO6 Parking outside the lines
LO8 Parking in a public park after 11:00 p.m. and before 5:00 a.m.
LO13 Prohibited off-road vehicular traffic
Other violations in any city parks
The penalties for level 3 parking violations are as follows:
If paid within 14 days If paid after 14 days but If paid after 21 days but After 30 days
before 21 days before 30 days
$20.00 $40.00 $60.00 $80.00
(2.4) Level 4 parking violations.
Code § 92-71(1) Offense
LO5 Parking within 50 feet of a public boat launch
The penalties for level 4 parking violations are as follows:
If paid within 14 days If paid after 14 days but If paid after 21 days but After 30 days
before 21 days before 30 days
$55.00 $65.00 $75.00 $85.00
(2.5) Any other violation of the parking provisions which are not listed in the above schedules shall
be considered level 2 parking violations and shall carry the penalties set forth above for level
2 violations, except that:
a) Code § 92-71(1)(s)(t)(u). Spaces for disabled persons. Unlawful parking in a space
reserved for persons with disabilities as defined in applicable state law shall carry a
minimum of $105.00, which shall increase to $210.00 after the first 14 days after the
violation, and $315.00 after 30 days; and
Supp. No. 7 CD92:18
TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES § 92-102
b) Code § 92-71(1)(aa). Fire lane. Unlawful parking in a fire lane shall carry a minimum of
$30.00, which shall increase to $60.00 after the first 14 days, after 21-30 days the violation
will be $90.00 and $120.00 after 30 days.
(Ord. No. 2331, 12-9-2014; Ord. No. 2350, 3-22-2016; Ord. No. 2377, 9-26-2017)
Secs. 92-74—92-99. Reserved. Operator means only persons over 14 years of
age or those under 14 years of age but over 12
years of age and under direct visual supervision
ARTICLE VI. ELECTRIC SCOOTERS AND of an adult who is in control of the operator.
BIKES (Ord. No. 2415, § 2, 6-25-2019)
Sec. 92-100. Purpose. Sec. 92-102. Rules and regulations.
This article is to establish guidance in the
The purpose of this article is to promote the
interest of public safety.
health, safety and welfare of persons operating
electric scooters and electric bikes within the (1) Electric scooters and electric bikes may
city, and to protect the safety of other users of be operated on local roads, public parks,
roads and bike trials. and the bike path.
(Ord. No. 2415, § 1, 6-25-2019)
(2) Electric shooters and electric bikes shall
not be operated on or alongside any
Sec. 92-101. Definitions. sidewalk. Electric scooters are prohibited
on all state trunk roads.
For the purposes of this article, the following
words and phrases shall have the following (3) Only persons over 14 years of age or
meanings: those under 14 years of age but over 12
years of age and under direct visual
supervision may operate an electric scooter
Bike path means the sections of the Muskegon
or electric bike.
Lakeshore Trial, which follows the shore of
Muskegon Lake and parallels Lakeshore Drive (4) Any person who operates an electric
and Shoreline Drive, that lie within the city. scooter or electric bike on a public road
must adhere to all applicable state and
Direct visual supervision means direct visual local laws, regulations and ordinances,
observation, by an adult who is in control of the including, but not limited to, those ban-
operator, with the unaided or normally corrected ning the possession and use of alcoholic
eye, where the observer is able to come to the beverages, and all other illegal drugs. In
immediate aid of the operator. addition, no electric scooter or electric
bike containing any open container of
Electric bike means a bicycle with an integrated alcohol shall be operated on public roads.
electric motor which can be used for propulsion.
(5) The operator of an electric scooter or
Electric bike does not include a vespa or moped-
electric bike shall comply with all traffic
like vehicles, motorcycles, dirt bikes, ORVs, gas
rules and regulations adopted by the
scooters, or any similar vehicle.
State of Michigan and the city which
governs the operation of motor vehicles.
Electric scooter means a light two-wheeled
electric vehicle on which the driver stands on the (6) An operator may not allow the number of
floorboard or deck. Electric scooter does not people in or on an electric scooter or
include a vespa or moped-like vehicles, electric bike at any one time to exceed
motorcycles, dirt bikes, ORVs, gas scooters, or the maximum capacity specified by the
any similar vehicle. manufacturer. The operator shall not
Supp. No. 8 CD92:19
§ 92-102 MUSKEGON CITY CODE
allow passengers to ride on any part of
an electric scooter or electric bike not
designed to carry passengers.
(7) In no instances shall an electric scooter
be operated at a speed greater than ten
miles per hour on the bike path.
(8) No electric scooter or electric bike may be
operated at a speed greater than reason-
able and prudent for the existing condi-
tions.
(9) Electric scooters and electric bikes must
be operated at the right edge of the
roadway and must yield to all vehicular
and pedestrian traffic.
(10) Electric scooters and electric bikes are
prohibited from parking on any sidewalk
or any other location that impedes
vehicular or foot traffic. All other park-
ing rules and limits apply.
(11) Electric scooters and electric bikes must
have basic equipment supplied by the
manufacturer.
(Ord. No. 2415, § 3, 6-25-2019)
Sec. 92-103. Registration.
All electric scooters and electric bikes are
subject to city registration requirements imposed
upon bicycles.
(Ord. No. 2415, § 4, 6-25-2019)
Sec. 92-104. Enforcement.
Violation of the provisions of this article shall
constitute a civil infraction and carry a penalty
of not less than a $100.00 fine for a first viola-
tion, not less than a $250.00 fine for a first
repeated violation, and not less than a $500.00
fine for a second repeated offense or any
subsequent repeat offense.
(Ord. No. 2415, § 5, 6-25-2019)
Supp. No. 8 CD92:20
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